I-STMicroelectronics STM32H5 Series Microcontrollers
Isingeniso
Leli nothi lohlelo lokusebenza lichaza inqolobane yeziqondiso (ICACHE) kanye nenqolobane yedatha (DCACHE), izinqolobane zokuqala ezakhiwe yi-STMicroelectronics. I-ICACHE ne-DCACHE ezethulwe ebhasini le-AHB le-Arm® Cortex®-M33 processor zishumekwe ku-STM32 microcontroller (MCUs) esohlwini lwethebula elingezansi. Lezi zinqolobane zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathuthukise ukusebenza kohlelo lwabo lokusebenza futhi banciphise ukusetshenziswa lapho belanda imiyalelo nedatha kukho kokubili izinkumbulo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, noma ngethrafikhi yedatha evela ezinkumbulo zangaphandle. Lo mbhalo unikeza isibonelo esijwayelekileampukuze kugqanyiswe izici ze-ICACHE ne-DCACHE nokwenza lula ukucushwa kwazo.
Ithebula 1. Imikhiqizo esebenzayo
| Uhlobo | Uchungechunge lomkhiqizo |
| Ama-Microcontroller | STM32H5 uchungechunge, STM32L5 uchungechunge, STM32U5 uchungechunge |
ulwazi oluvamile
Qaphela:
Leli nothi lohlelo lokusebenza lisebenza kuma-microcontroller ochungechunge lwe-STM32 okungamadivayisi asekelwe ku-Arm® Cortex®. I-Arm inguphawu lokuthengisa olubhalisiwe lwe-Arm Limited (noma izinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo) e-US kanye/noma kwenye indawo.
I-ICACHE ne-DCACHE ngaphezuluview
Lesi sigaba sinikeza i-overview ye-ICACHE kanye ne-DCACHE interface eshumekwe kuma-microcontrollers asekelwe ku-STM32 Arm® Cortex®. Lesi sigaba sinikeza imininingwane ngomdwebo we-ICACHE kanye ne-DCACHE kanye nokuhlanganiswa ekwakhiweni kwesistimu.
STM32L5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
Lesi sakhiwo sisekelwe ku-matrix yebhasi evumela izingcweti eziningi (Cortex-M33, ICACHE, DMA1/2, ne-SDMMC1) ukufinyelela izigqila eziningi (ezifana nememori ye-flash, i-SRAM1/2, OCTOSPI1, noma i-FSMC). Lesi sithombe esingezansi sichaza uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ze-STM32L5.
Umfanekiso 1. STM32L5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
Ukusebenza kwe-Cortex-M33 kuthuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esingu-8-Kbyte ICACHE esethulwe ebhasini layo le-C-AHB, lapho silanda ikhodi noma idatha ezinkumbulo zangaphakathi (inkumbulo ye-flash, i-SRAM1, noma i-SRAM2) ngebhasi elisheshayo, futhi izinkumbulo zangaphandle (OCTOSPPI1 noma FSMC) ngebhasi elihamba kancane.
I-STM32U5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
Lesi sakhiwo sisekelwe ku-matrix yebhasi evumela ongcweti abaningi (Cortex-M33, ICACHE, DCACHE, GPDMA, DMA2D kanye nama-SDMMCs, OTG_HS, LTDC, GPU2D, GFXMMU) ukufinyelela izigqila eziningi (njengememori ye-flash, ama-SRAM, i-BKPSRAM, i-HSPI/ I-OCTOSPI, noma i-FSMC).Isibalo esingezansi sichaza uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ze-STM32U5.
Umfanekiso 2. I-STM32U5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
I-Cortex-M33 kanye ne-GPU2D interface zombili ziyazuza ngokusebenzisa i-CACHE.
- I-ICACHE ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Cortex-M33 lapho ilanda ikhodi noma idatha kuzinkumbulo zangaphakathi ngebhasi elisheshayo (inkumbulo ekhanyayo, ama-SRAMs) kanye nezinkumbulo zangaphandle ngebhasi elihamba kancane (OCTOSPI1/2 ne-HSPI1, noma i-FSMC). I-DCACHE1 ithuthukisa ukusebenza lapho ilanda idatha kuzinkumbulo zangaphakathi noma zangaphandle nge-s-bus (GFXMMU, OCTOSPI1/2 ne-HSPI1, noma i-FSMC).
- I-DCACHE2 ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-GPU2D lapho ilanda idatha kuzinkumbulo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle (i-GFXMMU, inkumbulo ekhanyayo, ama-SRAM, i-OCTOSPI1/2 ne-HSPI1, noma i-FSMC) ngebhasi lechweba le-M0.
STM32H5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
I-STM32H523/H533, STM32H563/H573 kanye ne-STM32H562 i-smart architecture Lo mdwebo usekelwe ku-matrix yebhasi evumela amakhosi amaningi (Cortex-M33, ICACHE, DCACHE, GPDMAs, Ethernet kanye namaSDMMCs) ukufinyelela, izigqila eziningi, i-PSMRAM , OCTOSPI kanye ne-FMC). Lesi sithombe esingezansi sichaza uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ze-STM32H5.
Umfanekiso 3. I-STM32H563/H573 kanye ne-STM32H562 yochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
ICortex-M33 iyazuza ngokusebenzisa i-CACHE.
- I-ICACHE ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Cortex-M33 lapho ilanda ikhodi noma idatha kuzinkumbulo zangaphakathi ngebhasi elisheshayo (inkumbulo ekhanyayo, ama-SRAM) kanye nezinkumbulo zangaphandle ngebhasi elihamba kancane (i-OCTOSPPI ne-FMC).
- I-DCACHE ithuthukisa ukusebenza lapho ilanda idatha kuzinkumbulo zangaphandle ngebhasi elihamba kancane (i-OCTOSPPI ne-FMC).
I-STM32H503 izakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
Lesi sakhiwo sisekelwe ku-matrix yebhasi evumela izingcweti eziningi (Cortex-M33, ICACHE kanye ne-GPDMAs) ukuthi zifinyelele izigqila eziningi (ezifana nememori ye-flash, ama-SRAM kanye ne-BKPSRAM). Lesi sithombe esingezansi sichaza uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ze-STM32H5.
Umfanekiso 4. STM32H503 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile
ICortex-M33 iyazuza ngokusebenzisa i-CACHE.
- I-ICACHE ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Cortex-M33 lapho ilanda ikhodi noma idatha kuzinkumbulo zangaphakathi ngebhasi elisheshayo (inkumbulo ekhanyayo, ama-SRAM).
I-ICACHE block diagram
Umdwebo webhulokhi we-ICACHE unikezwe esithombeni esingezansi.
Umfanekiso 5. I-ICACHE block diagram
Inkumbulo ye-ICACHE ihlanganisa:
- i TAG inkumbulo nge:
- ikheli tags ezikhombisa ukuthi iyiphi idatha equkethwe kumemori yedatha yenqolobane
- izingcezu zokuqinisekisa
- imemori yedatha, equkethe idatha egcinwe kunqolobane
I-DCACHE block diagram
Umdwebo webhulokhi ye-DCACHE unikezwe emfanekisweni ongezansi.
Umfanekiso 6. I-DCACHE block diagram
Inkumbulo ye-DCACHE ifaka phakathi:
- i TAG inkumbulo nge:
- ikheli tags ezikhombisa ukuthi iyiphi idatha equkethwe kumemori yedatha yenqolobane
- izingcezu zokuqinisekisa
- izingcezu zelungelo
- izingcezu ezingcolile
- imemori yedatha, equkethe idatha egcinwe kunqolobane
Izici ze-ICACHE ne-DCACHE
Amakhosi amabili
I-ICACHE ifinyelela ku-matrix yebhasi ye-AHB noma ngaphezulu:
- I-AHB master port eyodwa: master1 (ibhasi elisheshayo)
- Amachweba amabili amakhulu e-AHB: master1 (ibhasi elisheshayo) kanye ne-master2 (ibhasi elihamba kancane)
Lesi sici sivumela ithrafikhi ukuthi ihlukaniswe uma ufinyelela izifunda zenkumbulo ezihlukene (njengememori ye-flash yangaphakathi, i-SRAM yangaphakathi nezinkumbulo zangaphandle), ukuze kuncishiswe izitebele ze-CPU ekuphutheni kwenqolobane. Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa izifunda zenkumbulo namakheli azo.
Ithebula 2. Izifunda zenkumbulo namakheli azo
| I-peripheral | Ukufinyelela inkumbulo kunqolobane | Ukufinyelela kumemori okugcinwe kunqolobane | |||||||
|
Uhlobo |
Igama |
Igama lomkhiqizo nosayizi wesifunda |
Igama lebhasi |
Ikheli lokuqala lesifunda elingavikelekile |
Ikheli lokuqala lesifunda elivikelekile, elingavikelekile |
Igama lebhasi |
Ikheli lokuqala lesifunda elingavikelekile |
Ikheli lokuqala lesifunda elivikelekile, elingavikelekile | |
|
Ngaphakathi |
IFLESHI |
I-STM32H503 | 128 KB |
I-ICACHE ibhasi elisheshayo |
0x0800 0000 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
| I-STM32L5
uchungechunge/ STM32U535/ 545/ STM32H523/ 533 |
512 KB |
0x0C00 0000 |
|||||||
| STM32U575/ 585
STM32H563/ 573/562 |
2 MB |
||||||||
| STM32U59x/
5Ax/5Fx/5Gx |
4 MB | ||||||||
|
I-SRAM1 |
I-STM32H503 | 16 KB |
0x0A00 0000 |
N/A |
I-S-bhasi |
0x2000 0000 |
0x3000 0000 |
||
| I-STM32L5
series/ STM32U535/ 545/575/585 |
192 KB |
0x0E00 0000 |
|||||||
| STM32H523/ 533 | 128 KB | ||||||||
| STM32H563/ 573/562 | 256 KB | ||||||||
| STM32U59x/
5Ax/5Fx/5Gx |
768 KB | ||||||||
|
I-SRAM2 |
I-STM32H503
uchungechunge |
16 KB | 0x0A00 4000 | N/A | 0x2000 4000 | N/A | |||
| I-STM32L5
series/ STM32U535/ 545/575/585 |
64 KB |
0x0A03 0000 |
0x0E03 0000 |
0x2003 0000 |
0x3003 0000 |
||||
| STM32H523/ 533 | 64 KB |
0x0A04 0000 |
0x0E04 0000 |
0x2004 0000 |
0x3004 0000 |
||||
| I-peripheral | Ukufinyelela inkumbulo kunqolobane | Ukufinyelela kumemori okugcinwe kunqolobane | |||||||
|
Ngaphakathi |
I-SRAM2 |
STM32H563/ 573/562 | 80 KB |
I-ICACHE ibhasi elisheshayo |
0x0A04 0000 | 0x0E04 0000 |
I-S-bhasi |
0x2004 0000 | 0x3004 0000 |
| STM32U59x/
5Ax/5Fx/5Gx |
64 KB | 0x0A0C 0000 | 0x0E0C 0000 | 0x200C 0000 | 0x300C 0000 | ||||
|
I-SRAM3 |
STM32U575/ 585 | 512 KB | 0x0A04 0000 | 0x0E04 0000 | 0x2004 0000 | 0x3004 0000 | |||
| STM32H523/ 533 | 64 KB |
0x0A05 0000 |
0x0E05 0000 |
0x2005 0000 |
0x3005 0000 |
||||
| STM32H563/ 573/562 | 320 KB | ||||||||
| STM32U59x/
5Ax/5Fx/5Gx |
832 KB | 0x0A0D 0000 | 0x0E0D 0000 | 0x200D 0000 | 0x300D 0000 | ||||
| I-SRAM5 | STM32U59x/
5Ax/5Fx/5Gx |
832 KB | 0x0A1A 0000 | 0x0E1A 0000 | 0x201A 0000 | 0x301A 0000 | |||
| I-SRAM6 | STM32U5Fx/
5Gx |
512 KB | 0x0A27 0000 | 0x0E27 0000 | 0x2027 0000 |
N/A |
|||
|
Kwangaphandle |
I-HSPI1 | STM32U59x/
5Ax/5Fx/5Gx |
256 MB |
I-ICACHE ibhasi ehamba kancane |
Ikheli lesibizo kububanzi obungu-[0x0000 0000 kuya ku-0x07FF FFFF] noma [0x1000 0000:0x1FFF FFFF] ichazwe ngendlela yokuphinda kumephu isici |
N/A |
0xA000 0000 | ||
| I-FMC SDRAM | STM32H563/ 573/562 | 0xC000 0000 | |||||||
|
I-OCTOSPI1 Ukungavikeleki kwebhange |
STM32L5/U5
uchungechunge STM32H563/ 573/562 |
0x9000 0000 |
|||||||
|
Ibhange le-FMC 3 engavikelekile |
STM32L5/U5
uchungechunge STM32H563/ 573/562 |
0x8000 0000 |
|||||||
| I-OCTOSPI2
Ukungavikeleki kwebhange |
STM32U575/
585/59x/5Ax/ 5Fx/5Gx |
0x7000 0000 |
|||||||
|
Ibhange le-FMC 1 engavikelekile |
STM32L5/U5
uchungechunge STM32H563/ 573/562 |
0x6000 0000 |
|||||||
1. Ukuze akhethwe lapho kumepha kabusha izifunda ezinjalo.
Indlela engu-1 ngokumelene ne-ICACHE yezindlela ezimbili
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-ICACHE icushwe kumodi yokusebenza ehlangene (izindlela ezimbili zinikwe amandla), kodwa kungenzeka ukulungisa i-ICACHE kumodi yemephu eqondile (inikwe amandla indlela eyodwa), kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kakhulu. Ukucushwa kwe-ICACHE kwenziwa ngebhithi ye-WAYSEL ku-ICACHE_CR kanje:
- I-WAYSEL = 0: imodi yokusebenza enemephu eqondile (indlela engu-1)
- WAYSEL = 1 (okuzenzakalelayo): imodi yokusebenza ehlangene (izindlela ezi-2)
Ithebula 3. 1-indlela uma kuqhathaniswa 2-indlela ICACHE
| Ipharamitha | 1-indlela ICACHE | 2-indlela ICACHE |
| Usayizi wenqolobane (Kbytes) | 8(1)/32(2) | |
| Cache izindlela ezimbalwa | 1 | 2 |
| Usayizi womugqa wenqolobane | 128 bits (16 bytes) | |
| Inombolo yemigqa yenqolobane | 512(1)/2048(2) | 256(1)/1024(2) ngendlela |
- Okwe-STM32L5 uchungechunge /STM32H5 uchungechunge /STM32U535/545/575/585
- For STM32U59x/5Ax/5Fx/5Gx
Uhlobo lwe-Burst
Ezinye izinkumbulo ze-Octo-SPI zisekela ukuqhuma kwe-WRAP, okunikeza inzuzo yokusebenza kwesici esibalulekile segama lokuqala. Uhlobo lwe-ICACHE oluqhumayo lwenkumbulo ye-AHB yezifunda ezifakwe kabusha luyalungiseka. Isebenzisa ukuqhuma okukhulayo noma ukuqhuma kwe-WRAP, okukhethwe ngebhithi ye-HBURST kurejista ye-ICACHE_CRRx. Umehluko phakathi kwe-WRAP nokuqhuma okukhuphukayo unikezwe ngezansi (bheka futhi umfanekiso):
- Ukuqhuma kwe-WRAP:
- usayizi womugqa wenqolobane = 128 bits
- ukuqhuma ukuqala ikheli = ikheli legama ledatha yokuqala ecelwe yi-CPU
- Ukuqhuma okukhulayo:
- usayizi womugqa wenqolobane = 128 bits
- ukuqhuma kwekheli lokuqala = ikheli liqondaniswe emngceleni womugqa wenqolobane oqukethe igama eliceliwe
Umfanekiso 7. Ukwenyuka kuqhathaniswa nokuqhuma kwe-WRAP
Izifunda ezifakwe kunqolobane nezici zokuphinda zimephu
I-ICACHE ixhunywe ku-Cortex-M33 ngebhasi le-C-AHB futhi igcina isifunda sekhodi kusuka kumakheli [0x0000 0000 kuya ku-0x1FFF FFF]. Njengoba izinkumbulo zangaphandle zidwetshwe ekhelini ebangeni [0x6000 0000 kuya ku-0xAFFF FFFF], i-ICACHE isekela isici semephu evumela noma iyiphi indawo yenkumbulo yangaphandle ukuthi ifakwe imephu ekhelini eliphakathi kuka- [0x0000 0000 kuya ku-0x07FF FFFF] noma [0x1000 0000 kuya ku-0x1FFF FFFF], futhi ufinyeleleke ngebhasi le-C-AHB. Kuze kube yizifunda ezine zenkumbulo zangaphandle zingaphinda zifakwe imephu ngalesi sici. Uma isifunda sesifakwe kabusha kumephu, ukusebenza kwemephu kabusha kwenzeka ngisho noma i-ICACHE ivaliwe noma uma okwenziwayo kungenakugcinwa kunqolobane. Izifunda zenkumbulo ezigcina kunqolobane zingahlelwa futhi zihlelwe umsebenzisi kuyunithi yokuvikela inkumbulo (MPU). Ithebula elingezansi lifingqa ukucushwa kochungechunge lwezinkumbulo ze-STM32L5 kanye ne-STM32U5.
Ithebula 4. Ukucushwa kochungechunge lwezinkumbulo ze-STM32L5 kanye ne-STM32U5
|
Inkumbulo yomkhiqizo |
Iyagcinwa
(Uhlelo lweMPU) |
Kufakwe kabusha ku-ICACHE
(ICACHE_CRRx ukuhlela) |
| Inkumbulo ye-flash | Yebo noma cha |
Akudingeki |
| I-SRAM | Akunconyiwe | |
| Izinkumbulo zangaphandle (HSPI/ OCTOSPI noma FSMC) | Yebo noma cha | Kuyadingeka uma umsebenzisi efuna ukulanda ikhodi yangaphandle ngebhasi le-C- AHB (okunye ngebhasi le-S-AHB) |
Inzuzo ye-ICACHE yokwenza kabusha inkumbulo yangaphandle
I-exampI-le emfanekisweni ongezansi ibonisa indlela yokuzuza ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kwe-ICACHE ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwekhodi noma idatha efundwayo lapho ufinyelela inkumbulo yangaphandle ye-Octo-SPI engu-8-Mbyte yangaphandle (njengememori ye-flash yangaphandle noma i-RAM).
Umfanekiso 8. Octo-SPI inkumbulo remap example
Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyadingeka ukuze wenze kabusha le nkumbulo yangaphandle:
Ukucushwa kwe-OCTOSPI yenkumbulo yangaphandle
Lungiselela isixhumi esibonakalayo se-OCTOSPI ukuze ufinyelele imemori yangaphandle kumodi yemephu Yenkumbulo (inkumbulo yangaphandle ibonakala njengememori yangaphakathi efakwe kumephu endaweni ye-[0x9000 0000 kuya ku-0x9FFF FFFF]). Njengoba usayizi wenkumbulo yangaphandle ingu-8 Mbytes, ibonakala endaweni [0x9000 0000 kuya ku-0x907F FFFF]. Imemori yangaphandle kulesi sifunda ifinyelelwa nge-S-bus futhi ayigcineki. Isinyathelo esilandelayo sibonisa ukucushwa kwe-ICACHE ukuze wenze kabusha lesi sifunda.
Qaphela: Ngokulungiselelwa kwe-OCTOSPI kumodi efakwe kumephu yenkumbulo, bheka inothi lohlelo lokusebenza i-Octo‑ SPI interface kuma-STM32 microcontrollers (AN5050
Ukucushwa kwe-ICACHE ukuze kudwetshwe kabusha isifunda esinemephu yememori yangaphandle
Ama-Mbyte angu-8 abekwe endaweni ye-[0x9000 0000 kuya ku-0x907F FFFF] aphinde afanekiselwa esifundeni esingu-[0x1000 0000 kuya ku-0x107F FFFF]. Zingatholakala ngebhasi elihamba kancane (ICACHE master2 bus).
- ICACHE_CR ukulungiselelwa kwerejista
- Khubaza i-ICACHE nge-EN = 0.
- Khetha indlela engu-1 noma engu-2 (kuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza) nge-WAYSEL = 0 noma 1, ngokulandelanayo.
- ICACHE_CRRx ukulungiselelwa kwerejista (kufika ezifundeni ezine, x = 0 kuya ku-3)
- Khetha ikheli lesisekelo elingu-0x1000 0000 (ikheli le-rep) nge-BASEADDR [28:21] = 0x80.
- Khetha usayizi wesifunda we-8-Mbyte ozophinda wenze imephu nge-RSIZE[2:0] = 0x3.
- Khetha 0x9000 0000 ikheli elifakwe kabusha kumephu ethi REMAPADDR[31:21] = 0x480.
- Khetha imbobo ye-ICACHE AHB master2 yezinkumbulo zangaphandle nge-MSTSEL = 1.
- Khetha uhlobo lokuqhuma lwe-WRAP nge-HBURST = 0.
- Nika amandla ukuqoshwa kabusha kwesifunda x nge-REN = 1.
Isibalo esilandelayo sibonisa ukuthi izifunda zenkumbulo zibonwa kanjani nge-IAR ngemuva kokunika amandla imephu.
Umfanekiso 9. Izifunda zenkumbulo zihlela kabusha isibample
Imemori yangaphandle engu-8-Mbyte manje isifakwe kabusha futhi ingafinyelelwa esifundeni esingu-[0x1000 0000 kuya ku-0x107F FFFF].
I-ICACHE inika amandla
- Ukulungiselelwa kwerejista ye-ICACHE_CR Nika amandla i-ICACHE nge-EN = 1.
Hit-and-miss monitors
I-ICACHE inikeza iziqapha ezimbili zokuhlaziya ukusebenza: imonitha ye-32-bit hit kanye ne-16-bit miss monitor.
- I-hit monitor ibala okwenziwa yi-AHB okugcinwe kunqolobane embotsheni yenqolobane yesigqila eshaya okuqukethwe kwe-ICACHE (idatha elandiwe kakade isiyatholakala kunqolobane). Ikhawunta ye-hit monitor iyatholakala kurejista ye-ICACHE_HMONR.
- Imonitha ephuthelwe ibala imisebenzi ye-AHB egcinwe kunqolobane embotsheni yenqolobane yesigqila egeja okuqukethwe kwe-ICACHE (idatha elandiwe ayikatholakali kakade kunqolobane). Isibali semonitha esingekho siyatholakala kurejista ye-ICACHE_MMONR.
Qaphela:
Laba baqaphi ababili abagoqeli lapho befinyelela amanani abo aphezulu. Laba baqaphi baphathwa ngezingcezu ezilandelayo kurejista ye-ICACHE_CR:
- I-HITMEN bit (ngokulandelana i-MISSMEN bit) ukuze unike amandla/umise ukushaya (ngokulandelana kophuthelwa) ukuqapha
- I-HITMRST bit (ngokulandelana kwayo i-MISSMRST bit) ukuze usethe kabusha i-hit (ngokulandelanayo miss) qapha Ngokuzenzakalela, iziqapha zethisthi ziyakhutshazwa ukuze kwehliswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Ukulungiswa kwe-ICACHE
Isofthiwe ingenza i-ICACHE ingasebenzi ngokusetha ibhithi ye-CACHEINV kurejista ye-ICACHE_CR. Lesi senzo senza yonke inqolobane ingavumelekile, iyenze ingabi nalutho. Okwamanje, uma ezinye izifunda ezifakwe kabusha zinikwe amandla, isici semephu sisasebenza, nanoma i-ICACHE ivaliwe. Njengoba i-ICACHE ilawula kuphela ukuthengiselana okufundwayo futhi ingaphathi ukubhalwa kwezincwadi, ayiqinisekisi ukuhambisana esimweni sokubhala. Ngakho-ke, isofthiwe kumele yenze i-ICACHE ingasebenzi ngemva kokuhlela isifunda.
Ukuphepha kwe-ICACHE
I-ICACHE iwumngcele ovikelekayo ongamiswa njengevikelekile ngerejista yokucushwa evikelekile ye-GTZC TZSC. Uma icushwe njengevikelekile, ukufinyelela okuvikelekile kuphela okuvunyelwe kumarejista e-ICACHE. I-ICACHE ingalungiswa futhi njengelungelo ngokusebenzisa irejista yokumisa amalungelo e-GTZC TZSC. Uma i-ICACHE icushwe njengelungelo, ukufinyelela okukhethekile kuphela okuvunyelwe kumarejista e-ICACHE. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-ICACHE ayivikelekile futhi ayinamalungelo nge-GTZC TZSC.
Umcimbi nokuphazamisa ukuphathwa
I-ICACHE ilawula amaphutha okusebenza uma etholwa, ngokusetha ifulegi le-ERRF ku-ICACHE_SR. Ukuphazamiseka kungase futhi kwenziwe uma ibhithi ye-ERRIE isethwe kokuthi ICACHE_IER. Esimeni sokungavumeleki kwe-ICACHE, uma isimo sokusebenza kwenqolobane siqeda, ifulegi le-BSYENDF limiswe ku-ICACHE_SR. Ukuphazamiseka kungase futhi kwenziwe uma ibhithi ye-BSYENDIE isethwe kokuthi ICACHE_IER. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-ICACHE namafulegi omcimbi.
Ithebula 5. ICACHE ukuphazamisa kanye nezingcezu zokuphatha umcimbi
| Bhalisa | Igama elincane | Incazelo encane | Uhlobo lokufinyelela kancane |
|
ICACHE_SR |
IBHIZISI | Inqolobane yenza umsebenzi ongavumelekile ngokugcwele |
Funda kuphela |
| BSYENDF | Umsebenzi wokungasebenzi kwenqolobane kuqediwe | ||
| IPHUTHA | Kwenzeke iphutha phakathi nomsebenzi wokulondoloza inqolobane | ||
|
ICACHE_IER |
ERRIE | Nika amandla ukuphazamiseka kwephutha lenqolobane |
Funda/bhala |
| BSYENDIE | Nika amandla ukuphazamiseka uma umsebenzi wokungasebenzi usuqediwe | ||
|
ICACHE_FCR |
I-CERF | Isula i-ERRF ku-ICACHE_SR |
Bhala kuphela |
| CBSYENDF | Isula BSYENDF kokuthi ICACHE_SR |
Izici ze-DCACHE
Injongo yenqolobane yedatha iwukuba kunqolobane imithwalo yedatha yememori yangaphandle kanye nezitolo zedatha ezivela kuphrosesa noma kwenye i-peripheral eyinhloko yebhasi. I-DCACHE ilawula kokubili ukufunda nokubhala okwenziwayo.
Ithrafikhi yenqolobane ye-DCACHE
I-DCACHE igcina izinkumbulo zangaphandle kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo sechweba eliyinhloko ngebhasi le-AHB. Izicelo zememori engenayo zichazwa njengezigcinekayo ngokwesibaluli sayo sokuvala inkumbulo yokwenziwe ye-AHB. Inqubomgomo yokubhala ye-DCACHE ichazwa ngokuthi bhala udlule noma ubhale emuva kuye ngesibaluli sememori esilungiselelwe yi-MPU. Uma isifunda silungiselelwa njengesingagcineki, i-DCACHE idlulwa.
Ithebula 6. Ukuba nenqolobane kwe-DCACHE kokwenziwayo kwe-AHB
| Isibaluli sokubheka se-AHB | Isibaluli sebhafa se-AHB | I-Cacheability |
| 0 | X | Funda futhi ubhale: okungenakulondolozwa |
|
1 |
0 |
Funda: cacheable
Bhala: (cacheable) bhala phansi |
|
1 |
1 |
Funda: cacheable
Bhala: (i-cacheable) bhala emuva |
Izifunda ze-DCACHE ezigcinekayo
Ochungechungeni lwe-STM32U5, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DCACHE1 sesigqila sixhunywe ku-Cortex-M33 ngebhasi le-S-AHB futhi sigcina i-GFXMMU, i-FMC, kanye ne-HSPI/OCTOSPIs. I-interface ye-DCACHE2 yesigqila ixhunywe ku-DMA2D ngebhasi lechweba le-M0, futhi igcina zonke izinkumbulo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle (ngaphandle kwe-SRAM4 ne-BRKPSRAM). Ochungechungeni lwe-STM32H5, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DCACHE sesigqila sixhunywe ku-Cortex-M33 ngezinkumbulo zangaphandle ze-S-AHB nge-FMC ne-OCTOSPI.
Ithebula 7. Izifunda ze-DCACHE ezigcinekayo kanye nezindawo zokusebenzelana
| Isifunda sekheli lememori egcinwe kunqolobane | I-DCACHE1 i-cacheable interfaces | I-DCACHE2 i-cacheable interfaces |
| GFXMMU | X | X |
| I-SRAM1 |
N/A |
X |
| I-SRAM2 | X | |
| I-SRAM3 | X | |
| I-SRAM5 | X | |
| I-SRAM6 | X | |
| I-HSPI1 | X | X |
| I-OCTOSPI1 | X | X |
| Amabhange e-FMC | X | X |
| I-OCTOSPI2 | X | X |
Qaphela
Ezinye izixhumi ezibonakalayo azisekelwa emikhiqizweni ethile. Bheka Umfanekiso 1 noma imanuwali ethile yereferensi yomkhiqizo.
Uhlobo lwe-Burst
Ngokufanayo ne-ICACHE, i-DCACHE isekela ukuqhuma okukhulayo nokugoqiwe (bona Isigaba 3.1.3). Ku-DCACHE, uhlobo lokuqhuma lulungiswa ngebhithi ye-HBURST ku-DCACHE_CR.
Ukucushwa kwe-DCACHE
Ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, i-DCACHE ivimbelwe ngokuzenzakalela ukwenza izicelo zememori yesigqila zidluliselwe ngqo ku-master port. Ukuze unike amandla i-DCACHE, ibhithi ye-EN kufanele isethwe kurejista ye-DCACHE_CR. Amamonitha okushaya nokuphuthelwa I-DCACHE isebenzisa iziqaphi ezine zokuhlaziya ukusebenza kwenqolobane:
- I-32-bit (R/W) i-hit monitor emibili: ibala inani lezikhathi lapho i-CPU ifunda noma ibhala ngayo idatha kumemori yenqolobane ngaphandle kokukhiqiza okwenziwayo kumachweba amakhulu e-DCACHE (idatha esivele ikhona kunqolobane). Izibali ze-hit monitors (R/W) ziyatholakala ngokulandelana kumarejista e-DCACHE_RHMONR kanye ne-DCACHE_WHMONR.
- Iziqaphi ezimbili ze-16-bit (R/W) eziphuthelwa: bala inani lezikhathi lapho i-CPU ifunda noma ibhala ngayo idatha kunqolobane yenqolobane futhi ikhiqize okwenziwayo kumachweba amakhulu e-DCACHE, ukuze kulayishwe idatha endaweni yenkumbulo (idatha elandiwe ayifakiwe). isivele ikhona kunqolobane). Izibali ze-miss monitor (R/W) ziyatholakala ngokulandelana kwe-DCACHE_RMMONR nerejista ye-DCACHE_WMMONR.
Qaphela:
Lezi ziqapha ezine azigoqeli lapho zifinyelela amanani azo aphezulu. Laba baqaphi baphathwa ngezingcezu ezilandelayo kurejista ye-DCACHE_CR:
- I-WHITMAN bit (ngokulandelana i-WMISSMEN bit) ukunika amandla/ukumisa i-hit hit (ngokulandelanayo miss) qapha
- I-RHITMEN bit (ngokulandelana kwe-RMISSMEN bit) ukunika amandla/ukumisa i-hit efundwayo (ngokulandelayo miss) qapha
- I-WHITMRST bit (ngokulandelana i-WMISSMRST bit) ukuze usethe kabusha i-hit hit (ngokulandelayo miss) qapha
- I-RHITMRST bit (ngokulandelana kwe-RMISSMRST bit) ukuze usethe kabusha i-hit efundwayo (ngokulandelanayo miss) qapha
Ngokuzenzakalela, lezi ziqaphi zivaliwe ukuze kwehliswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Ukugcinwa kwe-DCACHE
I-DCACHE inikeza imisebenzi eminingi yokulungisa engalungiselelwa nge-CACHECMD[2:0] kokuthi DCACHE_CR.
- 000: akukho ukusebenza (okuzenzakalelayo)
- 001: uhla oluhlanzekile. Hlanza ububanzi obuthile kunqolobane
- 010: ububanzi obungavumelekile. Yenza ukungavumelekile ububanzi obuthile kunqolobane
- 010: hlanza futhi abuvumelekile ububanzi. Hlanza futhi wenze ububanzi obuthile kunqolobane bungasebenzi
Ububanzi obukhethiwe bulungiswa ngokusebenzisa:
- Irejista ye-CMDSTARTADDR: umyalo wokuqala ikheli
- Irejista ye-CMENDANDADDR: ikheli lokugcina lomyalo
Qaphela:
Le rejista kufanele isethwe ngaphambi kokubhalwa kwe-CACHECMD. Ukugcinwa komyalo wenqolobane kuqala uma i-STARTCMD bit isethwe kurejista ye-DCACHE_CR. I-DCACHE futhi isekela ukungavumeleki okuphelele kwe-CACHE ngokusetha ibhithi ye-CACHEINV kurejista ye-DCACHE_CR.
Ukuphepha kwe-DCADE
I-DCACHE iyi-peripheral evikelekile engahlelwa njengevikelekile ngerejista yokucushwa evikelekile ye-GTZC TZSC. Uma icushwe njengevikelekile, ukufinyelela okuvikelekile kuphela okuvunyelwe kumarejista e-DCACHE. I-DCACHE ingabuye imiswe njengelungelo ngokusebenzisa irejista yokumisa amalungelo e-GTZC TZSC. Uma i-DCACHE icushwa njengelungelo, ukufinyelela okukhethekile kuphela okuvunyelwe kumarejista e-DCACHE. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-DCACHE ayivikelekile futhi ayinamalungelo nge-GTZC TZSC.
Umcimbi nokuphazamisa ukuphathwa
I-DCACHE ilawula amaphutha okusebenza lapho etholwa, ngokusetha ifulegi le-ERRF kokuthi DCACHE_SR. Ukuphazamiseka kungase futhi kwenziwe uma ibhithi ye-ERRIE isethwe kokuthi DCACHE_IER. Esimeni sokungavumeleki kwe-DCACHE, uma isimo sokubhizi senqolobane siqedwa, ifulegi le-BSYENDF lisethwe kokuthi DCACHE_SR. Ukuphazamiseka kungase futhi kwenziwe uma ibhithi ye-BSYENDIE isethwe kokuthi DCACHE_IER. Isimo somyalo we-DCACHE singahlolwa nge-CMDENF kanye ne-BUSYCMDF nge-DCACHE_SR Ukuphazamiseka kungase futhi kwenziwe uma ibhithi ye-CMDENDIE isethwe kokuthi DCACHE_IER. Ithebula elingezansi libala iziphazamiso ze-DCACHE namafulegi omcimbi
Ithebula 8. I-DCACHE Ukuphazamisa kanye nezingcezu zokuphatha imicimbi
| Bhalisa | Bhalisa | Incazelo encane | Uhlobo lokufinyelela kancane |
|
DCACHE_SR |
IBHIZISI | Inqolobane yenza umsebenzi ongavumelekile ngokugcwele |
Funda kuphela |
| BSYENDF | Inqolobane ephelele yokusebenza okungavumelekile iphelile | ||
| BUSYCMDF | Inqolobane ikhipha umyalo wobubanzi | ||
| CMDENDF | Umyalo wobubanzi uphela | ||
| I-ERRF | Kwenzeke iphutha phakathi nomsebenzi wokulondoloza inqolobane | ||
|
DCACHE_IER |
ERRIE | Nika amandla ukuphazamiseka kwephutha lenqolobane |
Funda/bhala |
| CMDENDIE | Nika amandla ukuphazamisa ekugcineni komyalo wobubanzi | ||
| BSYENDIE | Nika amandla ukuphazamiseka ekupheleni komsebenzi ongavumelekile ngokugcwele | ||
|
I-DCACHE_FCR |
I-CERF | Isula i-ERRF ku-DCACHE_SR |
Bhala kuphela |
| CCMDENDF | Isula i-CMDENDF kokuthi DCACHE_SR | ||
| CBSYENDF | Isula BSYENDF kokuthi DCACHE_SR |
Ukusebenza kwe-ICACHE ne-DCACHE nokusetshenziswa kwamandla
Ukusebenzisa i-ICACHE ne-DCACHE kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza lapho ufinyelela izinkumbulo zangaphandle. Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa umthelela we-ICACHE ne-DCACHE ekusebenzeni kwe-CoreMark® lapho ufinyelela izinkumbulo zangaphandle.
Ithebula 9. Ukusebenza kwe-ICACHE ne-DCACHE ekusebenziseni i-CoreMark ngezinkumbulo zangaphandle
| (1) | ||||
| Ikhodi ye-CoreMark | Idatha ye-CoreMark | ICACHE ukucushwa | Ukucushwa kwe-DCACHE | Isikolo se-CoreMark/Mhz |
| Imemori ye-Flash yangaphakathi | I-SRAM yangaphakathi | Inikwe amandla (izindlela ezi-2) | Ikhutshaziwe | 3.89 |
| Imemori ye-Flash yangaphakathi | I-Octo-SPI PSRAM yangaphandle ( S‑bus) | Inikwe amandla (izindlela ezi-2) | Inikwe amandla | 3.89 |
| Imemori ye-Flash yangaphakathi | I-Octo-SPI PSRAM yangaphandle ( S‑bus) | Inikwe amandla (izindlela ezi-2) | Ikhutshaziwe | 0.48 |
| I-Octo-SPI Flash yangaphandle (C-bus) | I-SRAM yangaphakathi | Inikwe amandla (izindlela ezi-2) | Ikhutshaziwe | 3.86 |
| I-Octo-SPI Flash yangaphandle (C-bus) | I-SRAM yangaphakathi | Ikhutshaziwe | Ikhutshaziwe | 0.24 |
| Imemori ye-Flash yangaphakathi | I-SRAM yangaphakathi | Ikhutshaziwe | Ikhutshaziwe | 2.69 |
Izimo Zokuhlola:
- Umkhiqizo osebenzayo: STM32U575/585
- Imvamisa yesistimu: 160 MHz.
- Inkumbulo yangaphandle ye-Octo-SPI PSRAM: 80 MHz (imodi ye-DTR).
- Imemori ye-flash ye-Octo-SPI yangaphandle: 80 MHz (imodi ye-STR).
- Umdidiyeli: IAR V8.50.4.
- I-Flash PREFETCH yangaphakathi: VULIWE.
Ukusebenzisa i-ICACHE ne-DCACHE kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla lapho ufinyelela izinkumbulo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa umthelela we-ICACHE ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-CoreMark.
Ithebula 10. Ukusebenza kwe-CoreMark ICACHE umthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla
| ICACHE ukucushwa | Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla we-MCU (mA) |
| Inikwe amandla (izindlela ezi-2) | 7.60 |
| Inikwe amandla (indlela engu-1) | 7.13 |
| Ikhutshaziwe | 8.89 |
- Izimo Zokuhlola:
- Umkhiqizo osebenzayo: STM32U575/585
- Ikhodi ye-CoreMark: imemori ye-Flash yangaphakathi.
- Idatha ye-CoreMark: i-SRAM yangaphakathi.
- Imemori ye-Flash yangaphakathi PREFETCH: VULIWE.
- Imvamisa yesistimu: 160 MHz.
- Umdidiyeli: IAR V8.32.2.
- Voltaguhla: 1.
- I-SMPS: VULIWE.
- indlela esethwe ngayo ukucushwa kwe-associative isebenza kakhulu kunendlela engu-1 yokumisa okuhlanganisayo yekhodi engakwazi ukulayishwa ngokugcwele kunqolobane. Ngaleso sikhathi, inqolobane ye-associative yokusetha yendlela engu-1 icishe ihlale isebenza kahle kunendlela engu-2 ye-associative cache. Ikhodi ngayinye kufanele ihlolwe kukho kokubili ukulungiselelwa kokuhlangana, ukuze kukhethwe ukuhweba okungcono kakhulu phakathi kokusebenza nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukukhetha kuncike ekubalulekeni komsebenzisi.
Isiphetho
Izinqolobane zokuqala ezakhiwe yi-STMicroelectronics, ICACHE kanye ne-DCACHE, ziyakwazi ukugcina izinkumbulo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, zinikeze ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwethrafikhi yedatha nokulandwa kwemiyalo. Lo mbhalo ubonisa izici ezihlukene ezisekelwa i-ICACHE kanye ne-DCACHE, ukucushwa kwawo okulula nokuvumelana nezimo kuvumela izindleko eziphansi zokuthuthukiswa kanye nesikhathi esisheshayo sokumaketha.
Umlando wokubuyekeza
Ithebula 11. Umlando wokubuyekeza idokhumenti
| Usuku | Inguqulo | Izinguquko |
| 10-Oct-2019 | 1 | Ukukhishwa kokuqala. |
|
27-Feb-2020 |
2 |
Kubuyekeziwe:
• Ithebula 2. Izifunda zenkumbulo namakheli azo • Isigaba 2.1.7 Ukugcinwa kwe-ICACHE • Isigaba 2.1.8 sokuphepha kwe-ICACHE |
|
7-Dec-2021 |
3 |
Kubuyekeziwe:
• Isihloko sedokhumenti • Isingeniso • Isigaba 1 ICACHE kanye ne-DCACHE kuphelileview • Kwengezwe Isiphetho Sesigaba 4: • Isigaba sesi-2 ICACHE kanye nezici ze-DCACHE • Isigaba sesi-3 sokusebenza kwe-ICACHE ne-DCACHE kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla |
|
15-Feb-2023 |
4 |
Kubuyekeziwe:
• Isigaba 2.2: STM32U5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile • Isigaba 2.5: I-DCACHE block diagram • Isigaba 3.1.1: Ama-Dual masters • Isigaba 3.1.2: 1-way vs 2-way ICACHE • Isigaba 3.1.4: Izifunda ezingafakwa kunqolobane nezici zokuphinda zimephu • Isigaba 3.2: Izici ze-DCACHE • Isigaba 3.2.2: Izifunda ze-DCACHE ezigcina inqolobane • Isigaba 4: Ukusebenza kwe-ICACHE ne-DCACHE kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla Kwengezwe: |
|
11-Mar-2024 |
5 |
Kubuyekeziwe:
• Isigaba 2.3: STM32H5 uchungechunge lwezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile |
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