I-RENESAS RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers

Ulwazi Lomkhiqizo

Imininingwane

• Umkhiqizo Igama: Umndeni wakwaRenesas RA
• Imodeli: Uchungechunge lwe-RA MCU

Isingeniso
Umhlahlandlela Wedizayini Yomndeni We-Renesas RA Yeziyingi Zewashi Elingaphansi unikeza imiyalelo yokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokusebenza okuyiphutha uma usebenzisa i-low capacitive load (CL) resonator. Isekhethi ye-oscillation yewashi engaphansi inenzuzo ephansi yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kodwa isengozini yomsindo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukusiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhethe izingxenye ezifanele futhi baklame amasekhethi ewashi elingaphansi ngendlela efanele.

Amadivayisi aqondisiwe
Uchungechunge lwe-RA MCU

Okuqukethwe

1. Ukukhetha Ingxenye
   1. Ukukhetha kwangaphandle kwe-Crystal Resonator
   2. Layisha Ukukhethwa Kwe-Capacitor
2. Umlando Wokubuyekeza

Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo

Ukukhetha Ingxenye

Ukukhetha kwangaphandle kwe-Crystal Resonator

• I-crystal resonator yangaphandle ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo we-oscillator yewashi elingaphansi. Kufanele ixhunywe kuzo zonke izikhonkwane ze-XCIN ne-XCOUT ze-MCU. Imvamisa ye-crystal resonator yangaphandle ye-oscillator yewashi engaphansi kufanele ibe ncamashi 32.768 kHz. Sicela ubheke isigaba Sezici Zogesi se-MCU Hardware User's Manual ukuze uthole imininingwane ethile.
• Kwama-microcontroller amaningi e-RA, i-crystal resonator yangaphandle nayo ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo wewashi oyinhloko. Kulokhu, kufanele ixhunywe kuwo wonke amaphinikhodi we-EXTAL kanye ne-XTAL we-MCU. Imvamisa yewashi eliyinhloko le-crystal resonator yangaphandle kufanele ibe phakathi kwebanga lefrikhwensi elishiwo i-oscillator yewashi eliyinhloko. Nakuba lo mbhalo ugxile ku-oscillator yewashi elingaphansi, iziqondiso zokukhetha nokuklama okukhulunywe ngazo lapha zingasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komthombo wewashi oyinhloko kusetshenziswa i-crystal resonator yangaphandle.
• Lapho ukhetha i-crystal resonator, kubalulekile ukucabangela umklamo webhodi oyingqayizivele. Kukhona ama-crystal resonator ahlukahlukene atholakalayo angase alungele ukusetshenziswa namadivayisi we-RA MCU. Kunconywa ukuhlola ngokucophelela izici zikagesi ze-crystal resonator ekhethiwe ukuze kunqunywe izidingo ezithile zokuqaliswa.
• Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa i-ex ejwayelekileampi-crystal resonator yomthombo wewashi elingaphansi, kuyilapho uMfanekiso 2 ubonisa umjikelezo wawo ofanayo.

Layisha Ukukhethwa Kwe-Capacitor
Ukukhethwa kwe-capacitor yokulayisha kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesekhethi yewashi elincane elinamadivayisi we-RA MCU. Sicela ubheke isigaba Sezimpawu Zogesi seManuwali Yomsebenzisi Wezingxenyekazi ze-MCU ukuze uthole imininingwane eqondile nemihlahlandlela ye-capacitor yokulayisha.
ukukhetha.

FAQ

• Q: Ngingasebenzisa noma iyiphi i-crystal resonator ye-oscillator yewashi elingaphansi?
  A: Cha, i-crystal resonator yangaphandle ye-oscillator yewashi elincane kufanele ibe nemvamisa ye-32.768 kHz ngqo. Bheka esigabeni Sezici Zogesi se-MCU Hardware User Manual ukuze uthole imininingwane ethile.
• Q: Ngingasebenzisa i-crystal resonator efanayo kukho kokubili i-oscillator yewashi elingaphansi kanye ne-oscillator yewashi eliyinhloko?
  A: Yebo, kuma-microcontrollers amaningi e-RA, ungasebenzisa i-crystal resonator yangaphandle njenge-oscillator engaphansi kwewashi kanye ne-oscillator yewashi eliyinhloko. Nokho, sicela wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi imvamisa yewashi eliyinhloko le-crystal resonator liwela phakathi kwebanga elishiwo lefrikhwensi ye-oscillator yewashi eliyinhloko.

Umndeni wakwaRenesas RA

Umhlahlandlela Wokuklama Weziyingi Zewashi Elincane

Isingeniso
Isekhethi ye-oscillation yewashi engaphansi inenzuzo ephansi yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngenxa yenzuzo ephansi, kunobungozi bokuthi umsindo ungabangela ukuthi i-MCU isebenze ngephutha. Lo mbhalo uchaza ukuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani le ngozi uma usebenzisa i-low capacitive load (CL) resonator.

Amadivayisi aqondisiwe
Uchungechunge lwe-RA MCU

Ukukhetha Ingxenye

Ukukhethwa kwengxenye kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okulungile kwewashi elincane elinamadivayisi we-RA MCU. Izigaba ezilandelayo zinikeza isiqondiso sokusiza ekukhetheni ingxenye.

Ukukhetha kwangaphandle kwe-Crystal Resonator
I-crystal resonator yangaphandle ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo we-oscillator yewashi elingaphansi. I-crystal resonator yangaphandle ixhunywe kuzo zonke izikhonkwane ze-XCIN ne-XCOUT ze-MCU. Imvamisa ye-crystal resonator yangaphandle ye-oscillator yewashi elincane kufanele ibe ncamashi ngu-32.768 kHz. Bheka esigabeni Sezici Zogesi se-MCU Hardware User Manual ukuze uthole imininingwane ethile.
Kwama-microcontroller amaningi e-RA, i-crystal resonator yangaphandle ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo wewashi oyinhloko. I-crystal resonator yangaphandle ixhunywe kuzo zonke izikhonkwane ze-EXTAL ne-XTAL ze-MCU. I-frequency yewashi eliyinhloko langaphandle le-crystal resonator kufanele libe kububanzi bemvamisa ye-oscillator yewashi eliyinhloko. Lo mbhalo ugxile ku-oscillator yewashi elingaphansi, kodwa lezi ziqondiso zokukhetha nezomklamo zingasebenza nasekuklanyweni komthombo wewashi eliyinhloko kusetshenziswa i-crystal resonator yangaphandle.
Ukukhethwa kwe-crystal resonator kuzoncika kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwebhodi ngalinye eliyingqayizivele. Ngenxa yokukhethwa okukhulu kwama-crystal resonator atholakalayo angase afanelekele ukusetshenziswa namadivayisi e-RA MCU, hlola ngokucophelela izici zikagesi ze-crystal resonator ekhethiwe ukuze unqume izidingo ezithile zokuqalisa.

Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa i-ex ejwayelekileampi-crystal resonator yomthombo wewashi elingaphansi.

Umfanekiso 2 ubonisa isekethe efanayo ye-crystal resonator kusekethe yewashi elingaphansi.

Umfanekiso 3 ubonisa i-ex ejwayelekileampi-crystal resonator yomthombo wewashi oyinhloko.

Umfanekiso 4 ubonisa isekethe efanayo ye-crystal resonator kusekethe yewashi elikhulu.

Ukuhlola ngokucophelela kufanele kusetshenziswe lapho kukhethwa i-crystal resonator nama-capacitor ahlobene. Isiphikisa sangaphandle sempendulo (Rf) kanye damping resistor (Rd) ingase yengezwe uma inconywe umkhiqizi we-crystal resonator.
Ukukhethwa kwamanani e-capacitor e-CL1 ne-CL2 kuzothinta ukunemba kwewashi langaphakathi. Ukuze uqonde umthelela wamanani we-CL1 ne-CL2, isifunda kufanele silingiswe kusetshenziswa umjikelezo olinganayo we-crystal resonator kuzibalo ezingenhla. Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembe kakhudlwana, futhi cabangela amandla alahlekile ahlobene nomzila phakathi kwezingxenye ze-crystal resonator.
Amanye ama-crystal resonator angase abe nemikhawulo kumkhawulo wamanje onikezwe i-MCU. Uma okwamanje okunikezwa kulawa ma-crystal resonator aphezulu kakhulu, ikristalu ingase yonakale. A damping resistor (Rd) ingase yengezwe ukuze kukhawulwe yamanje ku-crystal resonator. Bheka kumkhiqizi we-crystal resonator ukuze unqume inani lalesi sici.

Layisha Ukukhethwa Kwe-Capacitor
Abakhiqizi be-Crystal resonator ngokuvamile bazohlinzeka ngesilinganiso se-load capacitance (CL) ku-crystal resonator ngayinye. Ukuze usebenze kahle wesekethe ye-crystal resonator, umklamo webhodi kufanele uhambisane nenani le-CL lekristalu.
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokubala amanani alungile ama-capacitor okulayisha i-CL1 ne-CL2. Lezi zibalo zicabangela amanani ama-capacitor okulayisha kanye ne-stray capacitance (CS) yomklamo webhodi, ohlanganisa amandla okulandelela ithusi namaphinikhodi wedivayisi we-MCU.
Isibalo esisodwa sokubala i-CL sithi: Njengesiboneloample, uma umkhiqizi wekristalu ecacisa CL = 14 pF, futhi idizayini yebhodi ine-CS engu-5 pF, umphumela we-CL1 kanye ne-CL2 kuzoba ngu-18 pF. Isigaba 2.4 kulo mbhalo sihlinzeka ngemininingwane yokukhethwa kwe-resonator eqinisekisiwe kanye nokuhambisana kwesekethe okuhambisanayo ukuze kusebenze kahle.
Kukhona ezinye izici ezizothinta ukusebenza kwekristalu. Izinga lokushisa, ukuguga kwengxenye, nezinye izici zemvelo kungase kushintshe ukusebenza kwekristalu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kufanele kubalwe kumklamo ngamunye othize.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle, isifunda ngasinye kufanele sihlolwe ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezilindelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okufanele.

Ibhodi Design

Ukubekwa Kwengxenye
Ukubekwa kwe-crystal oscillator, ama-capacitor okulayisha, kanye nokumelana nokuzikhethela kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwesekethe yewashi.
Ukuze uthole ireferensi kulo mbhalo, "uhlangothi lwengxenye" ​​lubhekisela ohlangothini olufanayo lomklamo we-PCB njenge-MCU, futhi "uhlangothi lwe-solder" lubhekisela kolunye uhlangothi lomklamo we-PCB olusuka ku-MCU.
Kunconywa ukubeka isekethe ye-crystal resonator eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kumaphini we-MCU ohlangothini lwengxenye ye-PCB. Ama-capacitor okulayisha kanye nama-resistors ozikhethela nawo kufanele abekwe ohlangothini lwengxenye, futhi kufanele abekwe phakathi kwe-crystal resonator ne-MCU. Okunye ukubeka i-crystal resonator phakathi kwezikhonkwane ze-MCU nama-capacitor okulayisha, kodwa umzila owengeziwe waphansi uzodinga ukucatshangelwa.
Ama-crystal oscillator e-CL aphansi azwela ekushintshashintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, okungathinta ukuzinza kwewashi elingaphansi. Ukuze unciphise ithonya lokushisa kumjikelezo wewashi elingaphansi, gcina ezinye izingxenye ezingase zikhiqize ukushisa okudlulele kude ne-crystal oscillator. Uma izindawo zethusi zisetshenziswa njengosinki wokushisa kwezinye izingxenye, gcina ukushisa kwethusi kucwila kude ne-crystal oscillator.

Umzila - Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu
Lesi sigaba sichaza amaphuzu abalulekile ekuhlelweni okufanele kwesekethe ye-crystal resonator yamadivayisi e-RA MCU.

I-XCIN ne-XCOUT Routing
Uhlu olulandelayo luchaza amaphuzu omzila we-XCIN ne-XCOUT. Umfanekiso 5, Umfanekiso 6, kanye noMfanekiso 7 ubonisa isibampIzindlela zokulandelela ezithandwayo ze-XCIN ne-XCOUT. Umfanekiso 8 ubonisa enye exampumzila wokulandela umkhondo we-XCIN ne-XCOUT. Izinombolo zikamazisi ku-Figure zibhekisela kulolu hlu.

1. Ungeqi imikhondo ye-XCIN ne-XCOUT ngokunye ukulandelelwa kwesignali.
2. Ungangezi iphinikhodi yokubuka noma indawo yokuhlola ekulandeleleni kwe-XCIN noma kwe-XCOUT.
3. Yenza ububanzi bokulandelela i-XCIN ne-XCOUT bube phakathi kuka-0.1 mm no-0.3 mm. Ubude bokulandelela ukusuka kuzikhonkwane ze-MCU ukuya kumaphini we-crystal resonator kufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-10 mm. Uma u-10 mm ungenakwenzeka, yenza ubude bokulandelela bube bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka.
4. I-trace exhunywe kuphinikhodi ye-XCIN kanye ne-trace exhunywe kwiphinikhodi ye-XCOUT kufanele ibe nesikhala esikhulu phakathi kwakho (okungenani u-0.3 mm) ngangokunokwenzeka.
5. Xhuma ama-capacitor angaphandle eduze ngangokunokwenzeka. Xhuma imikhondo yama-capacitor ku-trace yaphansi (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi “isihlangu somhlaba”) ohlangothini lwengxenye. Ukuze uthole imininingwane nge-ground shield, bheka isigaba 2.2.2. Uma ama-capacitor engakwazi ukubekwa kusetshenziswa indawo oyithandayo, sebenzisa indawo eboniswe kuMfanekiso 8.
6. Ukuze kwehliswe amandla e-parasitic phakathi kwe-XCIN ne-XCOUT, faka umkhondo waphansi phakathi kwe-resonator ne-MCU.

Umfanekiso 5. Isbample Lokubekwa Okuthandwayo Nomzila We-XCIN kanye ne-XCOUT, i-LQFP Amaphakheji

Umfanekiso 6. Isbample Lokubekwa Okuthandwayo Nomzila We-XCIN kanye ne-XCOUT, Amaphakheji we-LGA

Umfanekiso 7. Isbample Lokubekwa Okuthandwayo Nomzila We-XCIN kanye ne-XCOUT, Amaphakheji we-BGA

Umfanekiso 8. Isbample Lokunye Ukubekwa Nomzila we-XCIN kanye ne-XCOUT

Isihlangu Esiphansi
Vikela i-crystal resonator ngomkhondo waphansi. Uhlu olulandelayo luchaza amaphuzu mayelana nesihlangu somhlaba. Umfanekiso 9, Umfanekiso 10, kanye noMfanekiso 11 ubonisa umzila examples for iphakethe ngalinye. Izinombolo zomazisi emfanekisweni ngamunye zibhekisela kulolu hlu.

1. Yendlala isihlangu saphansi phezu koqweqwe olufanayo nomzila wokulandela umkhondo we-crystal resonator.
2. Yenza i-ground shield trace wide okungenani ibe ngu-0.3 mm bese ushiya igebe elingu-0.3 kuya ku-2.0 mm phakathi kwesihlangu somhlaba kanye neminye iminonjana.
3. Hambisa isihlangu saphansi eduze nephinikhodi ye-VSS ku-MCU ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ububanzi bokulandelela bungu-0.3 mm okungenani.
4. Ukuze uvimbele i-current ngokusebenzisa isihlangu somhlaba, hlanganisa isihlangu somhlaba kanye nomhlabathi ebhodini eduze kwephini le-VSS ebhodini.

Umfanekiso 9. Landelela Example for the Ground Shield, LQFP Packages

Umfanekiso 10. Landelela Example for the Ground Shield, LGA Packages

Umfanekiso 11. Landelela Example for the Ground Shield, BGA Packages

Iphansi Eliphansi

Amabhodi Anemibala Ehlukahlukene Okungenani Ugqinsi luka-1.2 mm
Emabhodini awugqinsi okungenani ongu-1.2 mm, beka umkhondo waphansi ohlangothini lwe-solder (ngemuva kwalokhu oluzobizwa ngokuthi umhlabathi ongezansi) wendawo ye-crystal resonator.
Uhlu olulandelayo luchaza amaphuzu lapho kwenziwa ibhodi elinezingqimba eziningi okungenani elingu-1.2 mm ubukhulu. Umfanekiso 12, Umfanekiso 13, kanye noMfanekiso 14 ubonisa umzila examples kuhlobo lwephakheji ngayinye. Izinombolo zomazisi emfanekisweni ngamunye zibhekisela kulolu hlu.

1. Ungabeki imikhondo emigqeni emaphakathi yendawo ye-crystal resonator. Ungabeki ugesi noma amathrekhi aphansi kule ndawo. Ungadlulisi ukulandelelwa kwesignali kule ndawo.
2. Yenza umhlabathi ophansi okungenani ube ngu-0.1 mm ube mkhulu kunesihlangu esingaphansi.
3. Xhuma indawo ephansi ohlangothini lwe-solder kuphela kusihlangu saphansi ohlangothini lwengxenye ngaphambi kokuyixhuma kuphinikhodi ye-VSS.

Amanothi engeziwe

• Kumaphakheji e-LQFP kanye ne-TFLGA, xhuma kuphela isivikelo esiphansi endaweni engezansi yohlangothi lwebhodi. Xhuma indawo engezansi kuphinikhodi ye-VSS ngesivikelo saphansi. Ungaxhumi umhlabathi ophansi noma isihlangu saphansi emhlabathini ngaphandle kwephinikhodi ye-VSS.
• Kumaphakheji e-LFBGA, xhuma indawo engezansi ngqo kuphinikhodi ye-VSS. Ungaxhumi umhlabathi ophansi noma isihlangu saphansi emhlabathini ngaphandle kwephinikhodi ye-VSS.

Umfanekiso 12. Umzila Eksample Uma Ibhodi Elinemibala Eminingi Ingaphansi Kwamaphakheji angu-1.2 mm Aminyene, e-LQFP

Umfanekiso 13. Umzila Eksample Uma Ibhodi Elinemibala Eminingi Isencane Iwugqinsi ongu-1.2 mm, Amaphakheji e-LGA

Umfanekiso 14. Umzila Eksample Uma Ibhodi Elinemibala Eminingi Ingenani Ku-1.2 mm Ugqinsi, Amaphakheji e-BGA

Amabhodi Anemibala Eminingi Angaphansi kuka-1.2 mm Ugqinsi
Okulandelayo kuchaza amaphuzu lapho kwenziwa ibhodi elinezingqimba eziningi elingaphansi kuka-1.2 mm ubukhulu. Umfanekiso 15 ubonisa i-ex yomzilaample.

Ungabeki noma yikuphi ukulandela izendlalelo ngaphandle kohlangothi lwengxenye yendawo ye-crystal resonator. Ungabeki ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kanye namathrekhi aphansi kule ndawo. Ungadlulisi ukulandelelwa kwesignali kule ndawo.

Umfanekiso 15. Umzila Eksample Uma Ibhodi Elinemibala Eminingi Ingaphansi Kokuqina kuka-1.2 mm, Amaphakheji we-LQFP

Amanye Amaphuzu
Uhlu olulandelayo luchaza amanye amaphuzu okufanele acatshangelwe, futhi Umfanekiso 16 ubonisa i-ex yomzilaample uma usebenzisa iphakheji ye-LQFP. Amaphoyinti afanayo asebenza kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwephakheji. Izinombolo zikamazisi emfanekisweni zibhekisela kulolu hlu.

1. Ungayibeki imikhondo ye-XCIN ne-XCOUT eduze nokulandelelwa okunoshintsho olukhulu lwamanje.
2. Ungayihambisi imikhondo ye-XCIN ne-XCOUT ngokuhambisana nokunye ukulandelelwa kwesignali, okufana naleyo yezikhonkwane eziseduze.
3. Ukulandela izikhonkwane ezincikene nezikhonkwane ze-XCIN kanye ne-XCOUT kufanele kuhanjiswe kude nezikhonkwane ze-XCIN ne-XCOUT. Hambisa imikhondo enkabeni ye-MCU kuqala, bese uhambisa imikhondo kude nezikhonkwane ze-XCIN ne-XCOUT. Lokhu kunconywa ukugwema umzila wokulandela umkhondo ngokuhambisana nokulandelelwa kwe-XCIN ne-XCOUT.
4. Beka umkhondo omningi waphansi ohlangothini olungezansi lwe-MCU ngangokunokwenzeka.

Umfanekiso 16. Umzila Eksample Yamanye Amaphuzu, LQFP Iphakheji Example

I-Main Clock Resonator
Lesi sigaba sichaza amaphuzu okuhambisa i-resonator yewashi eyinhloko. Umfanekiso 17 ubonisa i-ex yomzilaample.

• Vikela i-resonator yewashi eyinhloko ngendawo.
• Ungaxhumi isivikelo saphansi se-resonator yewashi eyisivikelo saphansi sewashi elincane. Uma isihlangu esikhulu sewashi saphansi sixhunywe ngqo kusihlangu saphansi sewashi elingaphansi, kungenzeka ukuthi umsindo ovela kusixhumi sewashi eliyinhloko ungadlulela futhi uthinte iwashi elincane.
• Lapho ubeka futhi uhambisa i-resonator yewashi eyinhloko, landela imihlahlandlela efanayo njengoba ichazwe nge-oscillator yewashi elincane.

Umfanekiso 17. Umzila Eksample Uma Uvikela I-Resonator Yewashi Eliyinhloko Ngesivikelo Esiphansi

Umzila – Amaphutha Okufanele Agwenywe
Lapho uhambisa isekethe yewashi elingaphansi, qaphela ukuze ugweme noma yimaphi amaphuzu alandelayo. Ukuhambisa imikhondo nganoma iyiphi yalezi zinkinga kungase kubangele i-resonator ephansi ye-CL ukuthi inganyakazi ngendlela efanele. Umfanekiso 18 ubonisa i-ex yomzilaample bese ikhomba amaphutha omzila. Izinombolo zikamazisi emfanekisweni zibhekisela kulolu hlu.

1. I-XCIN ne-XCOUT ilandelela inqamula eminye imikhondo yesiginali. (Ingozi yokusebenza okuyiphutha.)
2. Izikhonkwane zokubuka (amaphuzu okuhlola) zinamathiselwe ku-XCIN kanye ne-XCOUT. (Ingozi yokuma kwe-oscillation.)
3. Izintambo ze-XCIN ne-XCOUT zinde. (Ingozi yokusebenza okuyiphutha noma ukuncipha kokunemba.)
4. Isivikelo somhlabathi asihlanganisi yonke indawo, futhi lapho kukhona isihlangu somhlaba, umzila omude futhi omncane. (Ithintwa kalula umsindo, futhi kunobungozi bokuthi ukunemba kuzokwehla kusukela kumehluko ongaba khona phansi okhiqizwe i-MCU kanye ne-capacitor yangaphandle.)
5. Isihlangu esiphansi sinokuxhuma okuningi kwe-VSS ngaphezu kwephinikhodi ye-VSS. (Ingozi yokusebenza okuyiphutha kusukela kumanje we-MCU ageleza kusihlangu esingaphansi.)
6. Ukunikezwa kwamandla noma ukulandelelwa komhlabathi kungaphansi kwemikhondo ye-XCIN ne-XCOUT. (Ingozi yokulahlekelwa iwashi noma ukuma kwe-oscillation.)
7. Umkhondo onomsinga omkhulu uhanjiswa eduze. (Ingozi yokusebenza okuyiphutha.)
8. Imikhondo ehambisanayo yezikhonkwane eziseduze iseduze futhi inde. (Ingozi yokulahlekelwa iwashi noma ukuma kwe-oscillation.)
9. Izingqimba ezimaphakathi zisetshenziselwa umzila. (Ingozi yezimpawu ze-oscillation incipha noma amasignali asebenza ngephutha.)

Umfanekiso 18. Umzila Eksample Ebonisa Ingozi Ephezulu Yokusebenza Okuyiphutha Ngenxa Yomsindo

I-Reference Oscillation Circuit Constants kanye Nokusebenza Kweresonator Eqinisekisiwe
Ithebula 1 libala ama-reference oscillation circuit constants okusebenza okuqinisekisiwe kwe-crystal resonator. Umfanekiso 1 ekuqaleni kwalo mbhalo ubonisa i-example circuit yokusebenza kwe-resonator eqinisekisiwe.

Ithebula 1. I-Reference Oscillation Circuit Constant for Verified Resonator Operation

Umkhiqizi	Uchungechunge	I-SMD/ Eholayo	Imvamisa (kHz)	CL (pF)	CL1(pF)	CL2(pF)	Rd(kΩ)
I-Kyocera	I-ST3215S B	I-SMD	32.768	12.5	22	22	0
				9	15	15	0
				6	9	9	0
				7	10	10	0
				4	1.8	1.8	0

Qaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke amadivayisi we-RA MCU asohlwini lwe-Kyocera webindawo, kanye nezincomo ze-oscillator yewashi elincane azifakwanga ohlwini lwamadivayisi amaningi we-RA MCU. Idatha kuleli thebula ihlanganisa izincomo zamanye amadivayisi afanayo we-Renesas MCU.

Ukusebenza kweresonator okuqinisekisiwe kanye nereferensi ye-oscillation circuit constants okubalwe lapha kusekelwe olwazini oluvela kumkhiqizi weresonator futhi akuqinisekisiwe. Njengoba ama-reference oscillation circuit constants ayizilinganiso ezihlolwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezigxilile ngumkhiqizi, amanani akalwa ohlelweni lomsebenzisi angase ahluke. Ukuze uthole ama-resonance oscillation circuit constants ukuze asetshenziswe ohlelweni lwangempela lomsebenzisi, buza nomkhiqizi weresonator ukuthi enze ukuhlola kusekethe yangempela.
Izimo esibalweni ziyizimo zokuzulazula i-resonator exhunywe ku-MCU futhi akuzona izimo zokusebenza ze-MCU ngokwayo. Bheka ukucaciswa kuzici zikagesi ukuze uthole imininingwane ngezimo zokusebenza ze-MCU.

Iwashi Crystal Ukunemba Ukulinganisa

• Njengoba kunconywe yibo bobabili abakhiqizi bekristalu bewashi kanye ne-Renesas (ku-MCU Hardware User's Manual), ukuqaliswa okulungile kwesekethe yekristalu yewashi kuhlanganisa ama-capacitor okulayisha angu-2 (i-CL1 ne-CL2 kumdwebo). Izigaba zangaphambilini zale dokhumenti zimboza ukukhetha kwe-capacitor. Lawa ma-capacitor athonya ngokuqondile ukunemba kwemvamisa yewashi. Ukulayisha amanani e-capacitor aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu angaba nomthelela omkhulu ekunembeni kwesikhathi eside kwewashi, okwenza iwashi lingathembeki kangako. Inani lalawa ma-capacitor linqunywa inhlanganisela yokucaciswa kwedivayisi ye-crystal kanye nesakhiwo sebhodi, kucatshangelwa amandla alahlekile we-PCB kanye nezingxenye endleleni yewashi.
• Nokho, ukuze kutholwe kahle ukunemba kwesekhethi yewashi, imvamisa yewashi kufanele ikalwe ngehadiwe yangempela. Ukulinganisa okuqondile kwesekhethi yewashi cishe kuzoholela ezilinganisweni ezingalungile. Inani elijwayelekile lama-capacitor okulayisha liku-5 pF kuya ku-30 ​​pF, futhi amanani avamile we-oscilloscope probe capacitance ngokuvamile akububanzi obungu-5 pF ukuya ku-15 pF. Amandla engeziwe we-probe abalulekile uma kuqhathaniswa namanani e-capacitor yokulayisha futhi azohlanekezela ukulinganisa, okuholela emiphumeleni engalungile. Inani eliphansi kakhulu le-oscilloscope probes lamandla asalingana no-1.5 pF ukuze uthole ama-probe anembayo aphakeme kakhulu, asengase ahlanekezele imiphumela yokulinganisa.
• Okulandelayo indlela ephakanyisiwe yokulinganisa ukunemba kwefrikhwensi yewashi emikhiqizweni yebhodi le-MCU. Le nqubo isusa iphutha lokulinganisa elingaba khona ngenxa yokulayisha kwe-capacitive okwengezwe uphenyo lokulinganisa.

Inqubo Yokuhlola Enconyiwe
Izilawuli ezincane ze-Renesas RA zifaka okungenani iphinikhodi eyodwa ye-CLKOUT. Ukuze kuqedwe ukulayishwa kwe-capacitive kwe-probe kumasignali ekristalu yewashi, isilawuli esincane singahlelwa ukuthi sidlulise okokufaka kwekristalu yewashi kuphinikhodi ye-CLKOUT. Ibhodi le-MCU elizohlolwa kufanele lifake ilungiselelo lokufinyelela le phini ukuze ilinganiswe.

Izingxenye Ezidingekayo

• Ibhodi le-MCU elilodwa noma amaningi ukuze idivayisi ikalwe.
• Amathuluzi wokuhlela nawokulingisa ukuze idivayisi ikalwe.
• Ikhawunta yesibali esinamadijithi okungenani angu-6 ngokunemba, nokulinganiswa okufanele.

Indlela Yokuhlola

1. Hlela i-MCU ukuze uxhume okokufaka kwekristalu yewashi kumjikelezo wewashi elingaphansi kuphinikhodi ye-CLKOUT ye-MCU.
2. Xhuma ikhawunta yefrikhwensi kuphinikhodi ye-CLKOUT ye-MCU kanye nendawo efanele. UNGAXHUMI ikhawunta yefrikhwensi ngokuqondile kwisekhethi yekristalu yewashi.
3. Lungiselela ikhawunta yokubala ukuze ulinganise imvamisa kuphinikhodi ye-CLKOUT.
4. Vumela ikhawunta yokubala ukuthi ilinganise imvamisa imizuzu embalwa. Rekhoda imvamisa elinganisiwe.

Le nqubo ingase isetshenziselwe kokubili iwashi elingaphansi kanye nama-crystal oscillator ewashi eliyinhloko. Ukuze ubone umphumela wamanani we-capacitor yokulayisha ekunembeni kwekristalu yewashi, ukuhlolwa kungaphinda kuphindwe ngamavelu ahlukene ama-capacitor okulayisha. Khetha amanani anikeza imvamisa yewashi enembe kakhulu ewashini ngalinye.
Kubuye kunconywe ukuphinda inqubo kumabhodi amaningi ohlobo olufanayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufaneleka kwezilinganiso.

Izibalo Zokunemba Kwemvamisa
Ukunemba kwemvamisa kungabalwa kusetshenziswa amafomula alandelayo.

• fm = imvamisa elinganisiwe
• fs = imvamisa yesignali ekahle
• fe = iphutha lemvamisa
• fa = ukunemba kwefrikhwensi, ngokuvamile kuvezwa izingxenye ngebhiliyoni ngayinye (ppb)

Iphutha lemvamisa lingavezwa njenge

Ukunemba kwemvamisa kungavezwa ngokuthi Ukunemba kwefrikhwensi kungaphinda kuvezwe ngokuchezuka kusuka kusikhathi sangempela. Ukuchezuka, ngemizuzwana ngonyaka, kungavezwa ngokuthi

Webindawo kanye Nokusekela
Vakashela okulandelayo URLs ukufunda ngezinto ezibalulekile zomndeni wakwa-RA, ukulanda izingxenye kanye nemibhalo ehlobene, futhi uthole ukwesekwa.

• Ulwazi Lomkhiqizo we-RA www.renesas.com/ra
• I-RA Product Support Forum www.renesas.com/ra/forum
• I-RA Flexible Software Package www.renesas.com/FSP
• Ukusekelwa kwe-Renesas www.renesas.com/support

Umlando Wokubuyekeza

Umfundisi.	Usuku	Incazelo
		Ikhasi	Isifinyezo
1.00	Jan.07.22	—	Ukukhishwa kokuqala
2.00	Disemba 01.23	18	Kwengezwe isigaba 3, Iwashi Crystal Ukunemba Ukulinganisa

Qaphela

1. Izincazelo zamasekhethi, isoftware nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene kulo mbhalo kunikezwa kuphela ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-semiconductor kanye nesicelo ex.ampLes. Unesibopho esigcwele sokuhlanganiswa nanoma yikuphi okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamasekhethi, isofthiwe, nolwazi ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo noma isistimu yakho. I-Renesas Electronics ilahla noma isiphi isikweletu sanoma ikuphi ukulahlekelwa kanye nomonakalo odalwe nguwe noma izinkampani zangaphandle ezivela ngenxa yokusebenzisa la masekethi, isofthiwe, noma ulwazi.
2. I-Renesas Electronics ngalokhu iyazichitha ngokusobala noma yiziphi iziqinisekiso ezimelene necala kanye nesibopho sokwephulwa komthetho nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimangalo ezibandakanya amalungelo obunikazi, amalungelo okushicilela, noma amanye amalungelo empahla yengqondo yabantu besithathu, ngokuvela noma ngenxa yokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics noma ulwazi lobuchwepheshe oluchazwe kulo mbhalo, kuhlanganisa kodwa akukhawulelwe kokuthi, idatha yomkhiqizo, imidwebo, amashadi, izinhlelo, ama-algorithms, kanye nesib sohlelo lokusebenzaampLes.
3. Ayikho ilayisensi, eshiwo, eshiwo noma ngenye indlela, enikezwa ngaphansi kwanoma yimaphi amalungelo obunikazi, amalungelo okushicilela noma amanye amalungelo empahla yengqondo ye-Renesas Electronics noma amanye.
4. Uzoba nesibopho sokunquma ukuthi yimaphi amalayisensi adingekayo kunoma yiziphi izinkampani zangaphandle, kanye nokuthola lawo malayisensi okungenisa ngokusemthethweni, ukuthekelisa, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, ukusetshenziswa, ukusatshalaliswa noma okunye ukulahlwa kwanoma imiphi imikhiqizo ehlanganisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, uma kudingeka.
5. Ngeke uguqule, uguqule, ukopishe, noma uhlehlise noma yimuphi umkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics, noma ngabe uphelele noma ingxenye yawo. I-Renesas Electronics ilahla noma isiphi isikweletu sanoma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa noma umonakalo owenziwe nguwe noma izinkampani zangaphandle ezivela kulokho kuguqulwa, ukuguqulwa, ukukopishwa noma ukuhlehlisa ubunjiniyela.
6. Imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ihlukaniswa ngokwalawa mabanga ekhwalithi amabili alandelayo: “Okujwayelekile” kanye “Nekhwalithi Ephezulu”. Izinhlelo ezihlosiwe zomkhiqizo ngamunye we-Renesas Electronics zincike ezingeni lekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.
   • “Okujwayelekile”: Amakhompyutha; impahla yasehhovisi; izinto zokuxhumana; imishini yokuhlola neyokulinganisa; izinto ezilalelwayo nezibonwayo; ekhaya
     izinto zikagesi; amathuluzi omshini; izinto zomuntu siqu zikagesi; amarobhothi ezimboni; njll.
   • “Ikhwalithi Ephakeme”: Izimpahla zokuthutha (izimoto, izitimela, imikhumbi, njll.); ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi (amalambu omgwaqo); izinto zokuxhumana ezinkulu; amasistimu okugcina ezezimali abalulekile; izinto zokulawula ukuphepha; njll.
     Ngaphandle kwalapho kuqokwe ngokucacile njengomkhiqizo onokwethenjelwa kakhulu noma umkhiqizo wezindawo ezinokhahlo eshidini ledatha le-Renesas Electronics noma omunye umbhalo we-Renesas Electronics, imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ayihloselwe noma ayigunyaziwe ukuthi isetshenziswe emikhiqizweni noma ezinhlelweni ezingase zibe usongo oluqondile empilweni yomuntu noma ukulimala komzimba (izinto zokwenziwa ezisekela ukuphila okuzenzela noma amasistimu; ukufakelwa kokuhlinzwa; njll.), noma kungase kubangele umonakalo omkhulu wempahla (uhlelo lwasemkhathini; iziphindaphinda ezingaphansi kolwandle; izinhlelo zokulawula amandla enuzi; izinhlelo zokulawula izindiza; izinhlelo zezitshalo ezibalulekile; amathuluzi ezempi; njll.). I-Renesas Electronics ichitha noma yisiphi isikweletu sanoma imuphi umonakalo noma ukulahlekelwa okudalwe nguwe noma ezinye izinkampani ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwanoma yimuphi umkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics ongahambisani nanoma yiliphi ishidi ledatha le-Renesas Electronics, imanuwali yomsebenzisi noma omunye umbhalo we-Renesas Electronics.
7. Awukho umkhiqizo we-semiconductor ovikeleke ngokuphelele. Naphezu kwanoma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha noma izici ezingase zisetshenziswe ku-Renesas Electronics hardware noma imikhiqizo yesofthiwe, i-Renesas Electronics ngeke ibe nacala ngenxa yanoma yikuphi ubungozi noma ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha, okuhlanganisa kodwa okungakhawulelwe kunoma yikuphi ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics. noma isistimu esebenzisa umkhiqizo we-Renesas Electronics. I-RENESAS ELECTRONICS AYIKUNIKEZI IZIQINISEKISO NOMA IQINISEKISI UKUTHI IQINISEKISA IMIKHIQIZO KA-ELECTRONICS, NOMA IZINHLELO EZIDALWA KUSETYENZISWA IMIKHIQIZO YE-RENESAS ELECTRONICS NGEKE IBE ENGABANDAKANYEZEKI NOMA MAHHALA EKONAKELENI, EKUHLASELWENI, EMGWENI, EKUPHATHELENI, UKUNGENZEKA OKUNYE” ). I-RENESAS ELECTRONICS IKUXOXA NOMA YILUPHI NASO SONKE ISIBOPHO NOMA ISIBOPHO ESIVELA NOMA ESIHLOBANE NOMA YIZIPHI IZINDABA ZOKUNGCAKAZI. NGAPHEZU kwalokho, NGEZINGA LOKUVUNYWA UMTHETHO OSEBENZAYO, I-RENESAS ELECTRONICS IZINKUVUMA NOMA YILUPHI KANYE NAZO ZONKE IZIQINISEKISO, EZIPHUMILEYO NOMA OKUSHIWO, NGENHLONIPHO YALO MBHALO KANYE NOMA YIYIPHI ISOFTHIWERE EHLOBANE NOMA EHAMBISANA NAYO, AYINGANI NOKUBHELWA, AKUFANELEKILE NGENXA YESIVIVINYO. INJONGO ETHILE.
8. Lapho usebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, bheka ulwazi lwakamuva lomkhiqizo (amaphepha edatha, amamanyuwali omsebenzisi, amanothi ohlelo, “Amanothi Avamile Okuphatha nokusebenzisa Amadivayisi Asebenzisa Ugesi” kubhukwana lokuthembeka, njll.), futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izimo zokusebenzisa zingaphakathi kwebanga. ecaciswe yi-Renesas Electronics mayelana nezilinganiso eziphezulu, ukunikezwa kwamandla okusebenzayo voltagububanzi, izici zokukhipha ukushisa, ukufakwa, njll. I-Renesas Electronics ilahla noma isiphi isikweletu sanoma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle, ukwehluleka noma ingozi ebangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ngaphandle kobubanzi obunjalo.
9. Nakuba i-Renesas Electronics izama ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, imikhiqizo ye-semiconductor inezici ezithile, njengokuvela kokwehluleka ngezinga elithile kanye nokungasebenzi kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokusetshenziswa. Ngaphandle uma kuqokwe njengomkhiqizo onokwethenjelwa kakhulu noma umkhiqizo wezindawo ezinokhahlo eshidini ledatha le-Renesas Electronics noma omunye umbhalo we-Renesas Electronics, imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ayikho ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sokumelana nemisebe. Unomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze uvikele ubungozi bokulimala komzimba, ukulimala noma ukulimala okubangelwa umlilo, kanye/noma ingozi emphakathini uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, efana nedizayini yokuphepha yezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha kanye isofthiwe, okuhlanganisa kodwa kungagcini ngokuphelelwa amandla, ukulawula umlilo kanye nokuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle, ukwelashwa okufanele kokuncipha kokuguga nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinyathelo ezifanele. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlolwa kwesofthiwe ye-microcomputer kukodwa kunzima kakhulu futhi akusebenzi, unesibopho sokuhlola ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo yokugcina noma amasistimu akhiwe nguwe.
10. Sicela uthinte ihhovisi lezokuthengisa le-Renesas Electronics ukuze uthole imininingwane ngezindaba zemvelo ezifana nokuhambisana kwemvelo komkhiqizo ngamunye we-Renesas Electronics. Unesibopho sokuphenya ngokucophelela nangokwanele imithetho esebenzayo neziqondiso ezilawula ukufakwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilawulwayo, okuhlanganisa ngaphandle komkhawulo, i-EU RoHS Directive, nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics ngokuthobela yonke le mithetho nezimiso ezisebenzayo. I-Renesas Electronics ilahla noma isiphi isikweletu somonakalo noma ukulahlekelwa okwenzeka ngenxa yokungathobeli kwakho imithetho nezimiso ezisebenzayo.
11. Imikhiqizo nobuchwepheshe be-Renesas Electronics ngeke kusetshenziselwe noma kufakwe kunoma yimiphi imikhiqizo noma amasistimu ukukhiqizwa, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukuthengiswa kwayo kunqatshelwe ngaphansi kwanoma yimiphi imithetho noma iziqondiso ezisebenzayo zasekhaya noma zangaphandle. Uzothobelana nanoma yimiphi imithetho esebenzayo yokulawula ukuthekelisa emenyezelwe futhi elawulwa ohulumeni banoma imaphi amazwe afakazela amandla phezu kwezinhlangano noma okwenziwayo.
12. Kuyisibopho somthengi noma umsabalalisi wemikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics, nanoma iyiphi enye inhlangano esabalalisa, elahla, noma ethengisa noma edlulisela umkhiqizo komunye umuntu wesithathu, ukwazisa lowo muntu wesithathu kusengaphambili ngokuqukethwe nemibandela ebekiwe. kulo mbhalo.
13. Lo mbhalo ngeke uphrintwe kabusha, ukhiqizwe kabusha noma uphindwe nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, uphelele noma ingxenye, ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe yangaphambili ye-Renesas Electronics.
14. Sicela uthinte ihhovisi lezokuthengisa le-Renesas Electronics uma unemibuzo mayelana nolwazi oluqukethwe kulo mbhalo noma imikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics.

• (Qaphela1) “I-Renesas Electronics” njengoba isetshenziswe kulo mbhalo isho i-Renesas Electronics Corporation futhi ihlanganisa nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo ezilawulwa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile.
• (Qaphela2) “i(i)mikhiqizo ye-Renesas Electronics” ichaza noma yimuphi umkhiqizo owenziwe noma okhiqizwe yi-Renesas Electronics.

(Rev.5.0-1 Okthoba 2020)

Indlunkulu Yenkampani

• TOYOSU FORESIA, 3-2-24 Toyosu,
• Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0061, Japan
• www.renesas.com

Izimpawu zokuhweba
I-Renesas kanye nelogo ye-Renesas yizimpawu zokuthengisa ze-Renesas Electronics Corporation. Zonke izimpawu zokuhweba nezimpawu zokuthengisa ezibhalisiwe ziyimpahla yabanikazi bazo.

Ulwazi lokuxhumana
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngomkhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe, inguqulo yakamuva yedokhumenti, noma ihhovisi lezokuthengisa eliseduze nawe, sicela uvakashele: www.renesas.com/contact/.

© 2023 Renesas Electronics Corporation. Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe.

Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza

I-RENESAS RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi I-RA MCU Series RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, RA MCU Series, RA8M1 Arm Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, Cortex-M85 Microcontrollers, Microcontrollers

Izithenjwa

• Imaniwali yosebenzisayo