I-Raspberry Pi CM 1 4S Compute Module
Ulwazi Lomkhiqizo
Imininingwane
- Isici: Iphrosesa
- Inkumbulo yokufinyelela okungahleliwe: 1GB
- Inkumbulo Eshumekiwe ye-MultiMediaCard (eMMC): 0/8/16/32GB
- I-Ethernet: Yebo
- I-Universal Serial Bus (USB): Yebo
- I-HDMI: Yebo
- I-Form Factor: I-SODIMM
Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo
Ukushintsha ukusuka ku-Compute Module 1/3 ukuya ku-Compute Module 4S
Uma usuka ku-Raspberry Pi Compute Module (CM) 1 noma 3 ukuya ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S, landela lezi zinyathelo:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi unesithombe esihambisanayo sesistimu yokusebenza ye-Raspberry Pi (OS) yesikhulumi esisha.
- Uma usebenzisa i-kernel yangokwezifiso, review futhi uyilungise ukuze ihambisane nehadiwe entsha.
- Cabangela izinguquko zehadiwe ezichazwe kumanuwali ukuze uthole umehluko phakathi kwamamodeli.
Imininingwane Yokuhlinzekwa Kwamandla
Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa ugesi ofanelekile ohlangabezana nezidingo zamandla ze-Raspberry Pi CM 4S ukuze ugweme noma yiziphi izinkinga.
Inhloso Ejwayelekile I/O (GPIO) Ukusetshenziswa Ngesikhathi Sokuqalisa
Qonda ukuziphatha kwe-GPIO ngesikhathi sokuqalisa ukuze uqinisekise ukuqaliswa okufanele kanye nokusebenza kwamapheripheral axhunyiwe noma izisekeli.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Q: Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa i-CM 1 noma i-CM 3 endaweni yokukhumbula njengedivayisi ye-SODIMM?
A: Cha, lezi zisetshenziswa azikwazi ukusetshenziswa endaweni yememori njengedivayisi ye-SODIMM. Isici sefomu siklanyelwe ngokuqondile ukuhambisana namamodeli we-Raspberry Pi CM.
Isingeniso
Leli phepha elimhlophe elalabo abafisa ukusuka ekusebenziseni i-Raspberry Pi Compute Module (CM) 1 noma 3 baye ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S. Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani lokhu kungafiseleka:
- Amandla amakhulu ekhompyutha
- Inkumbulo eyengeziwe
- Okukhiphayo okunokulungiswa okuphezulu kufika ku-4Kp60
- Ukutholakala okungcono
- Impilo ende yomkhiqizo (ugcine ukuthenga hhayi ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 2028)
Ngokombono wesofthiwe, ukusuka ku-Raspberry Pi CM 1/3 ukuya ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S akunabuhlungu uma kuqhathaniswa, njengoba isithombe sesistimu yokusebenza ye-Raspberry Pi (OS) kufanele sisebenze kuzo zonke izinkundla. Uma, noma kunjalo, usebenzisa i-kernel yangokwezifiso, ezinye izinto zizodinga ukucatshangelwa ekuhambeni. Izinguquko zehadiwe ziningi, futhi umehluko uchazwe esigabeni esilandelayo.
Amagama
Isitaki sezithombe ezifa: Isitaki sezithombe esisetshenziswe ngokuphelele ku-VideoCore firmware blob ene-shim application interface esivezwe ku-kernel. Yilokhu okuye kwasetshenziswa kumadivayisi amaningi we-Raspberry Pi Ltd Pi kusukela yethulwa, kodwa kancane kancane ithathelwa indawo (F)KMS/DRM.
I-FKMS: I-Fake Kernel Mode Setting. Ngenkathi i-firmware isalawula ihadiwe yezinga eliphansi (isibampkanye nezimbobo ze-HDMI, Isibonisi Sesibonisi Sesibonisi, njll.), imitapo yolwazi ye-Linux ejwayelekile isetshenziswa ku-kernel ngokwayo.
I-KMS: Umshayeli ogcwele we-Kernel Mode Setting. Ilawula yonke inqubo yokubonisa, okuhlanganisa ukukhuluma nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokusebenzelana kwe-firmware.
I-DRM: Umphathi Wokunikezela Okuqondile, isistimu engaphansi ye-Linux kernel esetshenziselwa ukuxhumana namayunithi okucubungula amagraphic. Isetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-FKMS ne-KMS.
Compute Module ukuqhathanisa
Umehluko wokusebenza
Ithebula elilandelayo linikeza umbono womehluko oyisisekelo kagesi nokusebenza phakathi kwamamodeli.
| Isici | CM 1 | CM 3/3+ | I-CM 4S |
| Iphrosesa | I-BCM2835 | I-BCM2837 | I-BCM2711 |
| Inkumbulo yokufinyelela okungahleliwe | 512MB | 1GB | 1GB |
| Inkumbulo eshumekiwe ye-MultiMediaCard (eMMC). | — | 0/8/16/32GB | 0/8/16/32GB |
| I-Ethernet | Lutho | Lutho | Lutho |
| I-Universal Serial Bus (USB) | 1 × i-USB 2.0 | 1 × i-USB 2.0 | 1 × i-USB 2.0 |
| I-HDMI | 1 × 1080p60 | 1 × 1080p60 | 1 × 4K |
| Isici sefomu | I-SODIMM | I-SODIMM | I-SODIMM |
Ukwehluka ngokomzimba
I-Raspberry Pi CM 1, CM 3/3+, kanye ne-CM 4S form factor isuselwe kusixhumi esincane esine-double inline memory module (SODIMM) sohlaka oluncane. Lokhu kunikeza indlela yokuthuthukisa ehambisanayo ngokomzimba phakathi kwalawa madivayisi.
QAPHELA
Lezi zixhobo azikwazi ukusetshenziswa endaweni yememori njengedivaysi ye-SODIMM.
Imininingwane yokunikezwa kwamandla
I-Raspberry Pi CM 3 idinga iyunithi yamandla yangaphandle engu-1.8V (PSU). I-Raspberry Pi CM 4S ayisasebenzisi ujantshi wangaphandle we-1.8V PSU ngakho lawa maphini ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S awasaxhumekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amabhodi esisekelo esikhathi esizayo ngeke adinge ukufakwa kwesilawuli, okwenza kube lula ukulandelana kokukhanyisa. Uma amabhodi akhona kakade ane-+1.8V PSU, akukho monakalo ozokwenzeka ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S.
I-Raspberry Pi CM 3 isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-BCM2837 ku-chip (SoC), kanti i-CM 4S isebenzisa i-BCM2711 SoC entsha. I-BCM2711 inamandla amaningi okucubungula atholakalayo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka, impela, ukuthi isebenzise amandla amaningi. Uma lokhu kuwukukhathazeka ukukhawulela izinga eliphezulu lewashi ku-config.txt kungasiza.
Inhloso evamile ukusetshenziswa kwe-I/O (GPIO) ngesikhathi sokuqalisa
Ukubhuthwa kwangaphakathi kwe-Raspberry Pi CM 4S kuqala kusukela ku-interface ye-serial peripheral interface (SPI) nge-elekthronikhi inkumbulo efundeka kalula efundeka kalula (EEPROM) kusetshenziswa i-BCM2711 GPIO40 kuya ku-GPIO43 izikhonkwane; uma ukubhutha sekuqediwe ama-BCM2711 GPIO ashintshelwa kusixhumi se-SODIMM futhi aziphathe njengaku-Raspberry Pi CM 3. Futhi, uma ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu ye-EEPROM kudingekile (lokhu akunconywa) bese i-GPIO iphinifa i-GPIO40 ku-GPIO43. ukusuka ku-BCM2711 ubuyela ekuxhumekeni ku-SPI EEPROM ngakho-ke lezi zikhonkwane ze-GPIO ku- Isixhumi se-SODIMM asisalawulwa yi-BCM2711 phakathi nenqubo yokuthuthukisa.
Ukuziphatha kwe-GPIO emandleni okuqala avuliwe
Imigqa ye-GPIO ingaba nephuzu elifushane kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqala lapho ingadonswanga phansi noma phezulu, ngakho-ke yenza ukuziphatha kwabo kungalindeleki. Lokhu kuziphatha okunganqunyelwe kungahluka phakathi kwe-CM3 ne-CM4S, kanye nokuhluka kwenqwaba ye-chip kudivayisi efanayo. Ezimweni eziningi zokusetshenziswa lokhu akunawo umthelela ekusetshenzisweni, kodwa-ke, uma unesango le-MOSFET elixhunywe ku-tri-state GPIO, lokhu kungase kube sengozini noma yimaphi amandla alahlekile aphethe ama-volts futhi uvule noma iyiphi idivayisi exhunywe ezansi nomfula. Kuwumkhuba omuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isango lokuphikisa ukopha liya phansi liyafakwa ekwakhiweni kwebhodi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa i-CM3 noma i-CM4S, ukuze lezi zindleko ze-capacitive zikhishwe.
Amanani aphakanyisiwe we-resistor aphakathi kuka-10K no-100K.
Ikhubaza i-EMMC
Ku-Raspberry Pi CM 3, i-EMMC_Disable_N ivimbela ngogesi amasiginali ukuthi afinyelele ku-EMMC. Ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S lesi siginali ifundwa ngesikhathi sokuqalisa ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi i-EMMC noma i-USB kufanele isetshenziselwe ukubhutha. Lolu shintsho kufanele lube sobala ezinhlelweni eziningi.
EEPROM_WP_N
Amabhuzu e-Raspberry Pi CM 4S asuka ku-EEPROM engaphakathi ehlelwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa. I-EEPROM inesici sokuvikela sokubhala esinganikwa amandla ngesofthiwe. Iphinikhodi yangaphandle iphinde ihlinzekwe ukuze isekele ukuvikelwa kokubhala. Le phinikhodi ku-SODIMM pinout bekuyiphini eliphansi, ngakho-ke ngokuzenzakalela uma ukuvikelwa kokubhala kunikwe amandla ngesofthiwe i-EEPROM ivikelekile ngokubhala. Akunconyiwe ukuthi i-EEPROM ibuyekezwe endaweni. Uma ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu sekuqediwe i-EEPROM kufanele ibhalwe-ivikelwe ngesofthiwe ukuvimbela izinguquko ezingaphakathi kwenkundla.
Kudingeka izinguquko zesofthiwe
Uma usebenzisa i-Raspberry Pi OS ebuyekezwe ngokugcwele izinguquko zesofthiwe ezidingekayo lapho uhamba phakathi kwanoma yimaphi amabhodi we-Raspberry Pi Ltd zincane; isistimu ithola ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi yiliphi ibhodi elisebenzayo futhi izomisa isistimu yokusebenza ngendlela efanele. Ngakho, ngokwesiboneloampfuthi, ungahambisa isithombe sakho se-OS usuke ku-Raspberry Pi CM 3+ uye ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S futhi kufanele isebenze ngaphandle kwezinguquko.
QAPHELA
Kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ukufakwa kwakho kwe-Raspberry Pi OS kusesikhathini samanje ngokudlula ngendlela evamile yokuvuselela. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi yonke isoftware ye-firmware ne-kernel ifanele idivayisi esetshenziswayo.
Uma uthuthukisa i-kernel yakho encane yokwakha noma unokuthile okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kufolda yokuqalisa kungase kube khona izindawo ezithile lapho uzodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa ukusetha okulungile, ukumbondelana, nezishayeli.
Ngenkathi ukusebenzisa i-Raspberry Pi OS ebuyekeziwe kufanele kusho ukuthi uguquko lusobala, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza 'zensimbi engenalutho' kungenzeka ukuthi amanye amakheli ememori ashintshile futhi kuyadingeka ukuphinda kuhlanganiswe uhlelo lokusebenza. Bona imibhalo ye-BCM2711 peripherals ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezici ezengeziwe ze-BCM2711 namakheli okubhalisa.
Ibuyekeza i-firmware kusistimu endala
Kwezinye izimo kungase kungenzeki ukuvuselela isithombe enguqulweni yakamuva ye-Raspberry Pi OS. Nokho, ibhodi le-CM4S lisazodinga i-firmware ebuyekeziwe ukuze isebenze kahle. Kukhona iphepha elimhlophe elitholakala kwa-Raspberry Pi Ltd elichaza ukubuyekezwa kwe-firmware ngokuningiliziwe, nokho, ngamafuphi, inqubo imi kanje:
Landa i-firmware files kusuka endaweni elandelayo: https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/archive/refs/heads/stable.zip
Le zip file iqukethe izinto eziningana ezahlukene, kodwa lezo esinentshisekelo kuzo kule stage zikufolda yokuqalisa.
I-firmware files banamagama efomu lokuqala*.elf kanye nokwesekwa okuhlobene nakho files fixup*.dat.
Umgomo oyisisekelo uwukukopisha isiqalo esidingekayo nokulungiswa files kusuka kule zip file ukubuyisela igama elifanayo files esithombeni sesistimu yokusebenza kwendawo. Inqubo ngqo izoncika ekutheni isistimu yokusebenza isethwe kanjani, kodwa njenge-exampNokho, le yindlela okuzokwenziwa ngayo esithombeni se-Raspberry Pi OS.
- Khipha noma vula i-zip file ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela okudingekayo files.
- Vula ifolda yokuqalisa esithombeni se-OS yendawo okuyiwa kuyo (lokhu kungase kube ekhadini le-SD noma ikhophi esekelwe kudiski).
- Nquma ukuthi iyiphi i-start.elf ne-fixup.dat files akhona esithombeni se-OS okuyiwa kuso.
- Kopisha lezo files kusuka kungobo yomlando ye-zip kuya esithombeni sendawo.
Isithombe kufanele manje silungele ukusetshenziswa ku-CM4S.
Izithombe
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-Raspberry Pi CM 1–3+ isebenzisa isitaki sezithombe zefa, kuyilapho i-Raspberry Pi CM 4S isebenzisa isitaki sezithombe se-KMS.
Nakuba kungenzeka ukusebenzisa isitaki sezithombe zefa ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S, lokhu akusekeli ukusheshisa kwe-3D, ngakho-ke ukuya ku-KMS kuyanconywa.
I-HDMI
Nakuba i-BCM2711 inezimbobo ezimbili ze-HDMI, i-HDMI-0 kuphela etholakala ku-Raspberry Pi CM 4S, futhi lokhu kungashayelwa kufike ku-4Kp60. Zonke ezinye izindlela zokubonisa (i-DSI, i-DPI nenhlanganisela) azishintshile.
I-Raspberry Pi inguphawu lokuthengisa lwe-Raspberry Pi Ltd
Inkampani Raspberry Pi Ltd
Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza
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I-Raspberry Pi CM 1 4S Compute Module [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi I-CM 1, CM 1 4S Compute Module, 4S Compute Module, Compute Module, Module |
