PyroScience O2 Izinzwa Oxygen

ISINGENISO

 

I-PyroScience inikezela ngezinzwa ze-oxygen ezisekelwe ku-fiber nezingathinteki. Ukuze uthole ngaphezuluview bona ikhasi lethu eliyisiqalo www.pyroscience.com 
Lezi zinzwa zingafundwa ngamamitha ahlukene we-fiber-optic kusuka ku-PyroScience, okuhlanganisa

• i-FireSting-O2 eneziteshi eziningi ze-PC (FSO2-Cx (imishini ye-firmware 4) ene-Pyro Workbench ne-FSO2-x (imishini ye-firmware 3) enesofthiwe ye-Pyro Oxygen Logger)
  isiteshi esisodwa se-PICO2 (nesofthiwe ye-Pyro Oxygen Logger)
• i-FireSting-PRO esebenza ngamashaneli amaningi e-PC (ene-Pyro Workbench)
• (isiteshi esisodwa) imitha yephakethe ye-FireSting-GO2 yokusebenza kodwa (ngesofthiwe ye-FireSting-GO2 Manager yokuphatha idatha noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zelebhu).
• i-AquapHOx Loggers and Transmitters engaphansi kwamanzi (ene-Pyro Workbench) ye-pH ebonakalayo, i-O2 nezinzwa zokushisa ezinesixhumi esingaphansi kwamanzi (inketho -SUB).

Zonke izinguqulo zesoftware ziyatholakala njengokulandwa kwamahhala ku-PyroScience webindawo futhi kufanele ifakwe ku-Windows PC/laptop ngaphambi kokuxhuma imitha yomoya-mpilo efanele okokuqala. Ukuze uthole imininingwane ngamadivaysi afundwayo, isofthiwe yawo kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi, sicela ubheke amamanyuwali ahlukene kanye nemihlahlandlela yokusingatha.
Le manuwali ihloselwe ukunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ekusetshenzisweni okujwayelekile kwezinzwa ze-optical oxygen ezivela ku-PyroScience.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe, sicela usithinte ku  info@pyroscience.com
Ithimba lakho le-PyroScience

UKUQALA NGOKUSHESHA

1. Isinyathelo 1: Ngokusebenza kwe-PC, landa isofthiwe efanele ekhasini lethu eliyisiqalo. Isofthiwe ingatholakala kumathebhu okulanda edivayisi efundwayo efanele. Landa, vula uziphu bese uqala isifaki, bese ulandela imiyalelo.
2. Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ngokusebenza kwe-PC, xhuma idivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience ku-Windows PC/laptop ngentambo ye-USB encane.
3. Isinyathelo sesi-3: Susa ngokucophelela amakepisi avikelayo ethiphuni lenzwa, ipulaki yefiber kanye nakusixhumi esibonakalayo kudivayisi efundwayo.
4. Isinyathelo sesi-4: Xhuma i(izi)nzwa ye-oxygen ye-PyroScience kusixhumi esibonakalayo sedivayisi.
5. Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ukuze uthole isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa elizenzakalelayo, xhuma inzwa yezinga lokushisa efanelekile ye-Pt100 embotsheni yezinga lokushisa noma, esikhundleni salokho, inzwa yezinga lokushisa elibonakalayo kwesinye sezixhumi zesiteshi ezisele (imishini eneziteshi eziningi kuphela).
6. Isinyathelo sesi-6: Lungiselela izindinganiso ezifanele zokulinganisa umoya-mpilo (bona isahluko 4.2).
7. Isinyathelo sesi-7: Qala isofthiwe efanele ye-PyroScience ngokuchofoza isinqamuleli kudeskithophu yakho noma isixhumi esibonakalayo se-LCD somsebenzisi we-FireSting-GO2 (ukusebenza okuzimele).
8. Isinyathelo sesi-8: Faka zonke Izilungiselelo Zenzwa ezidingekayo, okuhlanganisa Ikhodi Yenzwa, Ubude Be-Fiber (m) (uhlobo lwenzwa: S, W, T, P, X, U, H), Iyunithi Emaphakathi Ne-Oxygen yenzwa ngayinye, kanye nokunxeshezelwa kwemingcele yemvelo (izinga lokushisa, ukucindezela, usawoti, lapho kubonisiwe/kusebenza).
9. Isinyathelo sesi-9: Yenza Ukukala kwenzwa ye-1- noma 2-point.
10. Isinyathelo sesi-10: Qala izilinganiso futhi wenze kusebenze Ukuloga Ngedatha.

IZILUNGISELELO ZEZInzwa

Inzwa ngayinye ye-optical oxygen iza Nekhodi Yenzwa ngayinye, equkethe ulwazi olubalulekile lwezilungiselelo zenzwa ezilungile kanye nokulinganisa. Uhlamvu lokuqala lwekhodi yenzwa luchaza uhlobo lwenzwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufaka Ikhodi Yenzwa yenzwa exhunyiwe kuzilungiselelo zenzwa yesofthiwe efanele. Kumadivayisi aneziteshi eziningi, inombolo yethebhu yesiteshi kufanele ihambisane nenombolo yesiteshi kudivayisi efundwayo ye-PyroScience.
Okubalulekile: Faka Ikhodi Yezinzwa efanele yezinzwa ezixhunywe esiteshini kudivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience. Ikhodi yenzwa ingatholakala kulebula enamathiselwe kukhebula (izinzwa ezisuselwe ku-fiber) noma esikhwameni sezinzwa ezingathinteki (bona isibonelo.ample ngezansi).

Okwezinzwa ezingathinteki (amabala enzwa, ukugeleza okudlula amaseli, izitsha zokuphefumula, ama-nanoprobe; uhlobo lwenzwa: S, W, T, P) kanye nezinzwa eziqinile (uhlobo lwenzwa: X, U, H), Ubude be-Fiber (m) be-optical fiber exhunyiwe (isb i-SPFIB-BARE) noma ye-robust probe yangemuva exhunyiwe kufanele ifakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo (isb.
Imodi Yokulinganisa ingalungiswa kancane kancane phakathi kokukhukhuleka okuphansi nomsindo ophansi wesignali yenzwa ngokuhambisa umcibisholo ngegundane esikalini. Imvamisa, imodi emaphakathi iyazenzakalela.

Izimo ku-sample
Lapho ufaka izilungiselelo zenzwa, Izimo ku-Sample ngesikhathi sokulinganisa kufanele kunqunywe. Kunezinhlaka ezintathu ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe, ezinganxeshezelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo:

• Izinga lokushisa
• I-Atmospheric Pressure
• Usawoti

 Izinga lokushisa

Izinketho ezimbalwa Zesinxephezelo Sezinga lokushisa sezinzwa ze-optical oxygen ziyatholakala:

• Inzwa Yangaphandle Yezinga Lokushisa (Pt100, imbobo yezinga lokushisa)
• I-Fixed Temperature (kumele ifakwe, igcinwe ingashintshi futhi ilawulwe!)
• Inzwa ye-Optical Temperature exhunywe kushaneli yokubona (inombolo yesiteshi sayo kufanele ikhethwe) yedivayisi efundwayo enamashaneli amaningi (hhayi eye-FSGO2, PICO2)
• Uma inzwa yezinga lokushisa yangaphandle noma i-Optical Temperature Channel ikhethiwe, isinxephezelo esizenzakalelayo sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ekufundweni kwenzwa ye-oxygen eyamukelekile iyasebenza. Izinga Lokushisa Lenxephezelo lizovezwa ephanelini lesiteshi elihambisanayo lewindi elikhulu.
• Qaphela: Uma kukhethwe inzwa yangaphandle noma ye-Optical Temperature, inzwa kufanele ilungiswe ku-s.ample/calibration standard lapho kuzokwenziwa khona izilinganiso/ukulinganisa umoya-mpilo.
• Okubalulekile: Ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezinembile zokwenza umoya-mpilo ophelele kanye nokulinganiswa kwenzwa yezinga lokushisa lokukhanya kusetshenziswa inzwa Yangaphandle Yezinga Lokushisa, sicela unqume mathupha ukuthi izinga lokushisa langaphandle (Pt100) line-offset. Uma kwenzeka kuba ne-offset, izinzwa zokushisa ze-Pt100 zidinga ukulinganiswa kuqala (bona i-Appendix 8.6) ngaphambi kokulinganisa inzwa yokubona.
• Uma i-Fixed Temperature ikhethiwe, izinga lokushisa ku-sampizinga/izinga lokulinganisa kumele likalwe, lilungiswe futhi ligcinwe linjalo (lidinga ukulawulwa)! Qinisekisa izimo ezihlala njalo nezichaziwe!

I-Atmospheric Pressure
Enye ipharamitha, okufanele ichazwe kuzilungiselelo ukucindezela komkhathi (ukuthola imininingwane sicela ubheke isahluko 8.1). Umfutho we-atmospheric unganxeshezelwa ngalokhu:

• Inzwa Yokucindezela Kwangaphakathi ukuze uthole isinxephezelo esizenzakalelayo sokushintsha kwengcindezi, isb okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Kungenzeka ngawo wonke amadivayisi asekelwe ku-FireSting uma inzwa ye-oxygen nedivayisi ihlangabezana nezimo zengcindezi efanayo, noma
• ngokufaka i-Fixed Pressure (mbar): ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezine-PICO2 kanye nokusetha okunezimo zokucindezela ezihlukile ezitholwa inzwa ye-oxygen kanye namadivayisi asekelwe ku-FireSting. Ingcindezi yangempela endaweni yenzwa idinga ukunqunywa nge-barometer futhi ilungiswe ngesandla (okuzenzakalelayo: 1013 mbar).
• Ezinguqulweni zesofthiwe ezindala kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi ungene Ekuphakameni (m) ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Qaphela ukuthi le nketho icabangela ushintsho lwengcindezi encike ekuphakameni kuphela, kodwa hhayi ukuhluka okubangelwa izimo zezulu zangempela. Ngakho, ukunquma ingcindezi yangempela yomkhathi nge-barometer kunikeza imiphumela enemba kakhudlwana (ulwazi olwengeziwe kumanuwali wedivayisi yokufunda efanele).

Usawoti
Usawoti (g/L) wemvelo sampi-le (ngokusekelwe kusawoti wamanzi olwandle) isebenza kuphela uma iyunithi yokuhlushwa yezilinganiso ze-Oxygen DO encibilikile ikhethiwe (isb. mg/L noma µmol/L). I-sampusawoti omningi udinga ukukalwa bese ufakwa, isb. emanzini anosawoti/amanzi olwandle. Ukuze izilinganiso igesi sampngoba leli nani alinakho ukuhlobana (futhi alisebenzi).

UKULINGANISWA KWEZInzwa

Qinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi yezinzwa efanele ifakiwe kuzilungiselelo (bheka isahluko 3) futhi ulungiselele izindinganiso zokulinganisa ezifanele (bheka isahluko 4.2). Ukuze ulinganise izinzwa ezingathinteki, bheka futhi isahluko 4.4.
Ukulinganisa inzwa ye-oxygen kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili ezahlukene:

• Ukulinganisa kwephoyinti elingu-1 (kuyadingeka): ukulinganisa okuphezulu kumoya-mpilo we-ambient (okujwayelekile) NOMA ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile ukulinganisa okungu-0% (kuphela ngezilinganiso eziphansi kakhulu ze-O2, isb. ngezinzwa zomoya-mpilo wokulandelela; kungenzeka kuphela ngamadivayisi asebenza nge-Pyro Workbench)
• Ukulinganisa amaphuzu angu-2 (ongakukhetha): ukulinganisa okuphezulu KANYE no-0%; kunconyelwe izilinganiso ukusuka ekugcwaleni komoya/21% ukuya ku-O2 ephansi kanye nezilinganiso zokunemba
  Qaphela: Kunconywa kakhulu ukwenza ukulinganisa okwenziwa ngesandla ezimeni eziseduze nezimo zemvelo ngesikhathi sokulinganisa. Qinisekisa izimo njalo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa!
• Izilinganiso zegesi: inzwa idinga ukulinganiswa (ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa) emoyeni ozungezile (ukulinganisa okuphezulu) futhi kwezinye izimo nakugesi we-nitrogen N2 (ukulinganisa okungu-0%)
• Izilinganiso emanzini anamanzi / sampLes: inzwa idinga ukulinganiswa (izinga lokushisa elilawulwayo) emanzini agcwele umoya (ukulinganisa okuphezulu) futhi kwezinye izimo futhi emanzini angenayo umoya-mpilo (ukulinganisa kwe-o%)
• Qaphela: Ezimweni eziningi indawo yokulinganisa ephezulu ichazwa njengendawo yokulinganisa komoya, okungaba umoya ozungezile, amanzi agcwele umoya noma umoya ogcwele umhwamuko wamanzi (ono-100% RH).
• Ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza (kubasebenzisi abathuthukile kuphela), indawo yokulinganisa ephezulu ingabuye ichazwe ngumsebenzisi ngokusebenzisa Ukulinganisa Ngokwezifiso.

Imingcele ebalulekile
Wonke amazinga okulinganisa komoya achazwe kokulandelayo ancike engqikithini ye-oksijini engaguquki emkhathini womhlaba engaba ngu-20.95% O2 emoyeni owomile. Ukuchezuka okuncane kungase kunikezwe emakamelweni avaliwe ahlala abantu abaningi (noma isibonelo, amakhandlela, izinjini ezivuthayo) abasebenzisa umoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungabaza, qinisekisa ukuthi igumbi lingenisa umoya ohlanzekile, isb ngokuvula iwindi imizuzu ethile.

UKUTHUMEKA

• Umswakama ohlobene womoya udala ukuchezuka enanini elifanele lika-20.95% O2. Kalula nje, umhwamuko osemoyeni oswakeme uthatha indawo yengxenyana yomoya-mpilo, okuholela ekuncipheni kwezinga le-oxygen, isb. 20.7% O2. Emazingeni okushisa azungeze nangaphansi kuka-20°C, lo mphumela ubangela ngenhlanhla kuphela ukuchezuka okukhulu okungaba ngu-0.5% O2. Kodwa-ke, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ku-30 ​​° C noma ku-40-50 ° C, umswakama womoya uthola ithonya elibalulekile ezingeni langempela le-oxygen. Okwesiboneloample, umoya we-ambient ezingeni lokushisa lomzimba (37°C) onomswakama ohlobene ongu-100% uqukethe kuphela u-19.6% O2 uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya owomile ono-20.95% O2.
• Ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa kwezinzwa ze-oxygen, kunamathuba amabili okucabangela umswakama:
• Umswakama ohlobene nezinga lokushisa lomoya osendaweni kufanele kunqunywe ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa. Isofthiwe efanele ibe isibala ngokuzenzakalelayo ileveli yomoya-mpilo yangempela ngaphansi kwalezi zimo
• Izinga lokulinganisa lilungiswa emkhunjini ovaliwe ogcwaliswa ngamanzi noma ingxenye yawo igcwaliswe isib. uvolo kakotini omanzi noma isipontshi esimanzi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa umswakama ongaguquki we-100% RH futhi asikho isidingo sokulinganisa umswakama

I-ATMOSPHERIC PRESURE
Enye ipharamitha ebaluleke nakakhulu ngezinga lokulinganisa umoya ukucindezela komkhathi. Ipharamitha eyinhloko elinganiswa ngezinzwa zomoya-mpilo ayilona ivolumu eyingxenye (okungukuthi “% O2”), kodwa ukucindezela komoyampilo ngokwengxenye (okungukuthi “mbar”) (bheka futhi isithasiselo 8.1). Ngakho-ke, izinga le-oxygen yesib.

0.207 x 990 mbar = 205 mbar
enikeza ukucindezela kwe-oksijini okuyingxenye kwesibonelo, i-205 mbar. Leli inani elibalulekile lokulinganisa elisetshenziswa ngaphakathi yisofthiwe. Umfutho womkhathi ungathonywa

• ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu (isb. ukushintsha phakathi kwe-ca. 990 kanye ne-1030 ezingeni lolwandle) kanye
• ngokuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle (isb. ekuphakameni okungu-1000 m ukucindezela okujwayelekile komkhathi kucishe kube ngu-900 mbar uma kuqhathaniswa no-1013 mbar ezingeni lolwandle)

TEMPERATURE
Isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa esinembile sokufundwa kwenzwa ye-oxygen ngesikhathi sokulinganisa nezilinganiso siyadingeka ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili

• i-luminescence yezinkomba ze-REDFLASH incike ekushiseni futhi
• ukuguqulwa kwamanye amayunithi komoyampilo kudinga ukunxeshezelwa ngezinga lokushisa

ISIFINYEZO
Kunamapharamitha amathathu abalulekile okufanele aziwe ngezinga lokulinganisa umoya:

• Izinga lokushisa (°C)
• Umswakamo Ohlobene (% RH)
• I-Atmospheric Pressure (mbar)
  Kumadivayisi okufunda asekelwe ku-FireSting, izinzwa zomswakama ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nenzwa yokucindezela kanye nenzwa yangaphandle yezinga lokushisa kuzokala le mingcele ngokuzenzakalelayo ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokulinganisa.
  Ku-PICO2, le mingcele idinga ukunqunywa, ifakwe futhi igcinwe ingashintshi.

Izinga lokushisa
Kubalulekile ukucacisa ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokushisa kumazinga okulinganisa aphezulu kanye no-0% phakathi nenqubo yokulinganisa inzwa yomoya-mpilo ngokusebenzisa enye yalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukulungiswa mathupha Kwezinga Lokushisa Eligxilile (kudinga ukunqunywa futhi kugcinwe kungashintshi)
• Isinxephezelo Sezinga Lokushisa Ngenzwa Yangaphandle Yezinga lokushisa (Pt100) exhunywe kwimbobo yezinga lokushisa yedivayisi yokufunda esekelwe ku-FireSting noma
• Isinxephezelo Sezinga Lokushisa Ngenzwa Yezinga Lokushisa Elibonakalayo exhunywe esiteshini kudivayisi ye-FireSting eneziteshi eziningi (inombolo yesiteshi sayo ngasinye idinga ukufakwa ku-Optical Temp. Isiteshi)

I-Atmospheric Pressure
Ngokuqondene nezilinganiso zomoya-mpilo, umfutho wangempela womkhathi uyipharamitha ebalulekile yokulinganisa futhi udinga ukunxeshezelwa.
Uma umfutho womkhathi ufundwa kunzwa yokucindezela yangaphakathi yedivayisi ye-FireSting, kubalulekile ukuthi amazinga okulinganisa avezwe kungcindezi yomoya efanayo nedivayisi ye-FireSting.

Ukuze uthole isinxephezelo sokucindezela ngedivayisi efundwayo ye-PICO2,

• ingcindezi yangempela yomoya osesilinganisweni sokulinganisa kufanele ikalwe futhi ifakwe ngesandla. Izimo ezijwayelekile zibhekisela ku-1013 mbar (ukulungiselelwa okuzenzakalelayo)
• Ukuphakama (m) ngamamitha ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle kungangenwa (bona ngenhla)

Umswakama Ohlobene

• Ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa kwezinzwa ze-oxygen, kunamathuba amabili okucabangela umswakama:
• Umswakama ohlobene womoya ozungezile kufanele unqunywe ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa. Isofthiwe ibe isibala ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga langempela komoyampilo ngaphansi kwalezi zimo
• Izinga lokulinganisa lilungiswa emkhunjini ovaliwe ogcwaliswa ngamanzi noma ingxenye yawo igcwaliswe isib. uvolo kakotini omanzi noma isipontshi esimanzi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa umswakama ongaguquki we-100% RH futhi asikho isidingo sokulinganisa umswakama
• Ngokulinganisa okunembayo, ngokuvamile kuyanconywa ukuthi kulungiswe izindinganiso zokulinganisa ezinomswakama ohlobene ongu-100%, oqeda noma yimuphi umthombo wephutha ongaba khona ngokusetshenziswa kwenzwa yomswakamo yangaphakathi.

Ukulungiswa Kwamazinga Okulinganisa

Izilinganiso zegesi: ukulinganisa okuphezulu

UMOYA OMUHLE
Inzwa ye-oxygen eyomile, ngokuzikhethela kanye nenzwa yokushisa yangaphandle eyomile noma ye-optical, ivele ivezwe emoyeni we-ambient.
Ukuze uthole ukulinganisa okunembile emoyeni okuzungezile, kubalulekile ukuthi amathiphu okulinganisa enzwa komoyampilo kanye nezinga lokushisa ome ngokuphelele. Amathiphu enzwa emanzi azobangela amazinga womswakamo angachazwanga eduze kwamathiphu enzwa. Okubi nakakhulu, ukuhwamuka kwamaconsi amanzi kungapholisa amathiphu enzwa okubangela amazinga okushisa angachazwanga.

UMOYA ONGAMANZI ONAMVUKO
Faka i-wool kakotini emanzi eflaskini (isb. I-DURAN flask) enesivalo esilungiselelwe ngezimbobo zenzwa ye-oxygen kanye nenzwa yokushisa evela ku-PyroScience. Ngokuvamile, cishe u-1/3 kuya ku-1/2 wevolumu yeflask igcwaliswa ngoboya bekotini obumanzi, kuyilapho enye ingxenyenamba yevolumu ishiywa imahhala ukuze kufakwe ichopho lenzwa ye-oxygen kanye nezinga lokushisa.
Ngemva kokufaka izinzwa nokulinganisa, landela inqubo yokulinganisa enikezwe isofthiwe.

Izilinganiso zegesi: 0% ukulinganisa

IGESI YENITROGEN
Geza igesi ye-nitrogen engu-100% ngeflaski yengilazi (isb. Iflaski ye-Duran) ngesivalo esilungiswe ngezimbobo zokufaka inzwa yomoya-mpilo kanye nenzwa yezinga lokushisa. Qinisekisa ukuthi wonke umoya ushintshiwe yigesi ye-nitrogen ngaphambi kokwenza ukulinganisa. Faka i-oxygen eyomile nenzwa yezinga lokushisa ku-flask, ivumele ilingane futhi ilinganise.

Okubalulekile: Qinisekisa ukuthi awukho umoya we-ambient ongena eflaskini futhi ngesikhathi senqubo yokulinganisa. Ukuthuthwa kwegesi ye-Convectional kuyinqubo esheshayo! Ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi uqhubeke ushayela i-flask ngegesi ye-nitrogen phakathi nenqubo yokulinganisa ephelele!
Sicela ucabangele ukuthi igesi ye-nitrogen evela emabhodleleni egesi ingase yehliswe ngokuphawulekayo inqubo yokuwohloka. Qinisekisa ukunqunywa kwezinga lokushisa okulungile kwezinga lokulinganisa!

Izilinganiso emanzini: ukulinganisa okuphezulu

AMANZI AMANZI ASEMOYENI
Ukulinganisa emanzini agcwele umoya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngempela amanzi agcwele umoya ongu-100%. Sicela ulandele enye yezinketho ezimbili ezingezansi ukuze ulungiselele izinga elinembile lokulinganisa:

• Gcwalisa inani elifanele lamanzi eflaskini (isb. i-Duran flask) enesivalo esilungiswe sinezimbobo zokufaka inzwa yomoya-mpilo kanye nenzwa yokushisa. Sakaza umoya emanzini ngetshe lomoya elixhunywe empompeni yomoya (etholakala njengemishini yokuthengisa ye-fish aquaria) cishe imizuzu eyi-10
• Okunye, uma ingekho iphampu yomoya etholakalayo, gcwalisa amanzi eflaskini ushiye > umoya ongu-50% ku-headspace, uyivale ngesivalo bese unyakazisa iflaski ngokuqinile cishe iminithi elingu-1.
• Vula isivalo maduzane ukuze uvule indawo yangaphambili ngomoya omusha. Ivale futhi bese unyakazisa iflaski umzuzu ongu-1 ngaphezulu
• Kuzo zombili izimo faka inzwa yomoya-mpilo kanye nezinga lokushisa kuflask futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amathiphu enzwa acwiliswa emanzini futhi awanawo amabhamuza omoya. Ngemuva kwalokho landela izinqubo zokulinganisa ezinikezwe isoftware.
• Qaphela: Ukusakaza umoya emanzini kungase kubangele ukupholisa kwamanzi. Qinisekisa ukunqunywa kwezinga lokushisa okulungile!
• Izilinganiso emanzini: 0% ukulinganisa

AMANZI AXHWEBE NE-REDUCTANT EQINILE

• Gcwalisa inani elifanele lamanzi eflaskini yengilazi (isb. I-Duran flask) enesembozo esilungiswe sinezimbobo zokufaka inzwa ye-oxygen kanye nenzwa yezinga lokushisa.
  Engeza i-reductant eqinile, njenge-sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) noma i-sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) ekuhlanganiseni okungu-30 g/L, udale amanzi angenawo umoya-mpilo ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ama-capsules okulinganisa angu-0% ayatholakala ku-PyroScience, enikeza u-50mL 0% indinganiso yokulinganisa (inombolo yento: OXCAL).
• UNGAWASEBENZISI amanzi anosawoti omningi (isb amanzi olwandle) kulokhu, kodwa amanzi akhishwe amaminerali. Amanzi anosawoti avimbela ukuchithwa okufanele kwe-reductant futhi angaholela ekulinganisweni kwenzwa okungu-0%.
• Hlanganisa isisombululo kuze kube yilapho usawoti uhlakazeka ngokuphelele, bese umisa ukugqugquzela futhi ushiye isisombululo cishe imizuzu engu-15. Qinisekisa ukuthi asikho isikhala sekhanda futhi awekho amabhamuza omoya eflaskini evaliwe.
• Bese ufaka inzwa yomoya-mpilo kanye nezinga lokushisa kufulaski, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amathiphu enzwa acwiliswa ngokuphelele emanzini futhi awanawo amabhamuza omoya. Vumela ukulinganisa futhi wenze ukulinganisa.
• Okubalulekile: Ungazigcini izinzwa kulesi sixazululo futhi uzihlanza ngokucophelela ngemva kokulinganisa ngamanzi akhishwe amaminerali. Ikakhulukazi izinzwa zohlobo lwenaliti ezihoxiswayo (into engu-OXRxx ne-TROXRxx) zidinga ukugezwa kahle kakhulu, ngoba ukucwebezela kukasawoti phakathi kwenaliti kungase kuzilimaze ngendlela engenakulungiseka.
• Ukulinganisa Ngokwezifiso: ukulinganisa ngokwezifiso okuphezulu
  Esikhundleni somoya (umoya ozungezile, amanzi agcwele umoya, umoya ogcwele umhwamuko) wendawo yokulinganisa ephezulu, ukulinganisa ngokwezifiso kungenziwa uma kusetshenziswa amagesi okulinganisa ngokwezifiso. Kunezinhlelo ezimbili zokusebenza, lapho imodi yokulinganisa ngokwezifiso inconywa:
• usebenzisa izinzwa zebanga lokulandela umkhondo ebangeni lika-0-10% O2
• izilinganiso kumazinga aphezulu komoyampilo (>21% O2)

Ngokulinganisa ngokwezifiso, ileveli ye-oxygen kuzinga lokulinganisa lingakhethwa ngokukhululekile ku-Oxygen (%O2). Lapha, inani elifanele kufanele lilungiswe uma kusetshenziswa amagesi okulinganisa ngokwezifiso, isb. 5% O2, ewusizo lapho kusetshenziswa izinzwa zomoya-mpilo womkhondo.
Okubalulekile: Ukulinganisa ngokwezifiso kunconyelwa kuphela izinhlelo zokusebenza/abasebenzisi abathuthukile! Imingcele efanele (% O2, umswakama, ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa) kufanele ifakwe ngendlela efanele (futhi idinga ukulawulwa)!

Inqubo Yokulinganisa
Ukulinganisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandela imiyalelo yesofthiwe (Pyro Workbench) noma imanuwali yedivayisi yokufunda. Ngokuvamile sincoma ukwenza ukulinganisa kwamaphoyinti amabili kugesi (amanzi) ukuze kukale igesi (amanzi). Ukulinganisa iphuzu elilodwa eduze nezimo zemvelo kuyisibopho.
Okubalulekile: Idivayisi nezinzwa kufanele kubekwe imizuzu engu->30. ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezihlala njalo ngaphambi kokuba ukulinganisa kwenziwe.
Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho inzwa ibekwa ezingeni elisha lokulinganisa, linda kuze kube yilapho ukufundwa kwenzwa kuzinzile ngokubheka igrafu nokuboniswa kwezinombolo kokufundwa kwenzwa yomoya-mpilo. Qinisekisa futhi ukufundwa kwezinga lokushisa okuzinzile Kwenzwa Yangaphandle noma Ye-Optical Temperature ekhonjiswe Kuzinga Lokushisa Lesinxephezelo (°C).

Ukuze kulinganiswe izinzwa ze-optical oxygen kusuka ku-PyroScience, kubalulekile ukulandela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Isinyathelo 1: Xhuma inzwa kudivayisi efundwayo ngokulandelanayo futhi ukhiphe amakepisi okuvikela ephuzwini lenzwa, kusukela kupulaki yefiber kanye nakusixhumi esibonakalayo kudivayisi efundwayo.
2. Isinyathelo sesi-2: Xhuma inzwa yezinga lokushisa efanelekile ye-Pt100 embotsheni yezinga lokushisa noma, esikhundleni salokho, inzwa yezinga lokushisa elibonakalayo kwesinye sezixhumi zesiteshi ezisele (imishini eneziteshi eziningi kuphela) ukuze uthole isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa esizenzakalelayo sezilinganiso zomoya-mpilo.
3. Isinyathelo sesi-3: Faka Ikhodi Yezinzwa elungile yezinzwa ezixhunywe esiteshini kudivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience kanye nobude bayo be-Fiber (m) (kuphela ohlotsheni lwenzwa: S, W, T, P, X, U, H).
4. Isinyathelo sesi-4: Lungiselela izindinganiso ezifanele zokulinganisa umoya-mpilo:
   Ukuze uthole izilinganiso nge-GAS: umoya we-ambient (ukulinganisa okuphezulu); igesi ye-nitrogen N2 (ukulinganisa okungu-0%)
   • Ngezilinganiso eziku-AMANZI/AQUEOUS sampI-les: amanzi agcwele amaminerali agcwele umoya (ukulinganisa okuphezulu); amanzi ane-de-oxygenated (0% calibration) esebenzisa i-sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) noma i-sodium sulfite (Na2SO3)
   • Ukuze uthole izilinganiso AMANZI ASEAWATER/SALINE WATER: UNGAsebenzisi amanzi anosawoti ukuze ulungise amazinga okulinganisa angu-0%, kodwa amanzi akhishwe amaminerali.
5. Isinyathelo sesi-5: Faka inzwa yomoya-mpilo kanye nezinga lokushisa kuflaski, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amathiphu enzwa acwiliswa ngokuphelele emanzini futhi awanawo amabhamuza omoya. Vumela ukulinganisa futhi wenze ukulinganisa kwenzwa ye-oxygen eyiphoyinti elingu-1 noma elingu-2.
   Qaphela: Kunconywa kakhulu ukwenza ukulinganisa okwenziwa ngesandla ezimeni eziseduze nezimo zemvelo ngesikhathi sokulinganisa. Qinisekisa izimo njalo ngesikhathi ukulinganisa! Hlanza izinzwa ngokucophelela ngemva kokulinganisa ngamanzi akhishwe amaminerali.
6. Isinyathelo sesi-6: Ngemva kokulinganisa okuyimpumelelo kwephuzu elingu-1 noma ama-2 ezimweni zokushisa ezingaguquki neziqhathanisekayo zezilinganiso ezilandelanayo, yenza izilinganiso kunombolo yakho.ampLes. Qinisekisa ukuqina kwesiginali ephezulu ngokwanele kwenzwa (>50), ukuhlanzwa okuvamile, ukulinganisa kabusha nokuphatha ngokucophelela izinzwa.

Isinxephezelo sangemuva

Isinxephezelo sangemuva siyanconywa kuma-optical fibers asetshenziselwa ukufunda ngaphandle kwezinzwa ezingathinteki kanye nama-probe aqinile.

• Kuma-probe aqinile, izitsha zokuphefumula, amaseli okugeleza namabala enzwa ane-fiber optical emnyama (uhlobo lwenzwa: S, W, T, P, X, U, H), i-FIBER LENGTH idinga ukufakwa kusofthiwe ukuze uthole isinxephezelo sangemuva esizenzakalelayo (esinconyelwe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziningi).
• Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembayo, ezinhlelweni ezinokuqina kwesiginali ephansi kanye nasekusetshenzisweni kwama-nanoprobes, inketho yesinxephezelo sangemuva MANUAL kufanele sisetshenziswe.

Izinzwa ze-oxygen ze-PyroScience zingasetshenziswa ezigabeni zegesi, amanzi kanye nezixazululo ezinamanzi. Izinyibilikisi zemvelo (njenge-acetone), i-bleach ne-gaseous chlorine (Cl2) zidala ukuphazamiseka ekufundeni kwenzwa kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwenzwa. Akukho-cross-sensitivity etholakala ku-pH 1-14, CO2, CH4, H2S nanoma yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ionic.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe izincibilikisi zemvelo, i-oxygen probe ekhethekile engamelana ne-solvent (into engunombolo OXSOLV noma i-OXSOLV-PTS) iyatholakala.
Imiyalo eqondile yohlelo lokusebenza ifakwe ohlwini lwezinzwa ezahlukene kuthebula elingezansi.

Izinzwa Oxygen
Izinzwa ezisekelwe kwi-fiber

Into yenzwa	Imiyalo yohlelo lokusebenza oluqondene nenzwa
OXROB...	Isicelo: amanzi & igesi Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point ukulinganisa* Izici: isolation optical Ukuvala inzalo: ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esifushane nge-ethanol engu-70% (EtOH) noma i-70% isopropanol (IPP); ukuvalwa kwe-ethylene oxide (EtO, EO) (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Susa amabhamuza omoya endaweni yezinzwa, ukunyakazisa kuyisibopho ukuze kufakwe emanzini/amanziampLes.
OXR… OXF…	Isicelo: amanzi negesi kanye ne-semi-solid sampLes Calibration: 1- noma 2-point calibration* kuhlelo lokusebenza okufanayo okuyisibopho esimaphakathi: ukulinganisa igesi (amanzi) yezilinganiso zegesi (amanzi) Ukuvala inzalo: ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esifushane nge-ethanol engu-70% (EtOH) noma i-70% isopropanol (IPP); ukuvalwa kwe-ethylene oxide (EtO, EO) (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Phatha ngokucophelela! Ithiphu yenzwa engavikelekile engavikelekile. Nweba ithiphu lenzwa lokulinganisa nezilinganiso.

OXF…-PT	Isicelo: igesi Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point calibration* kugesi Ukuvala inzalo: ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esifushane nge-ethanol engu-70% (EtOH) noma i-70% isopropanol (IPP); ukuvalwa kwe-ethylene oxide (EtO, EO) (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Phatha ngokucophelela! Ukubhoboza izinto zokupakisha/septa.
I-OXB...	Isicelo: amanzi negesi, i-semi-solid & custom sampLes Calibration: 1- noma 2-point calibration* kuhlelo lokusebenza okufanayo okuyisibopho esimaphakathi: ukulinganisa igesi (amanzi) yezilinganiso zegesi (amanzi) Ukuvala inzalo: ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esifushane nge-ethanol engu-70% (EtOH) noma i-70% isopropanol (IPP); ukuvalwa kwe-ethylene oxide (EtO, EO) (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Phatha ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa ngokwezifiso! Ithiphu yenzwa engavikelekile engavikelekile. Gwema ukuphuka!
I-TROX….	Isicelo: amanzi negesi ekugxilweni komoyampilo okuphansi cishe ku-0% O2 (ubukhulu 10% O2) Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point calibration** in application medium, manual 0% ukulinganisa kuyisibopho Ukuvala inzalo: ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esifushane nge-ethanol engu-70% (EtOH) noma i-70% isopropanol (IPP); ukuvalwa kwe-ethylene oxide (EtO, EO) (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Amandla esignali aphansi/isignali-kuya-nomsindo ezimeni zokugcwala komoya ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa okuphezulu!
I-OXIMP...	Isicelo: amanzi & i-semi solid sampkancane nge-oxygen micro heterogeneity Ukulinganisa: Ukulinganisa amaphuzu angu-1 noma angu-2* emanzini Ukuvalwa inzalo: 3% H2O2, ukuvalwa kwe-ethylene oxide (EtO, EO) (imininingwane uma icelwa) Qaphela: Amandla esignali aphansi/isignali-kuya-nomsindo ezimeni zokugcwala komoya ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa okuphezulu!

OXSOLV...

Isicelo: ama-solvents avunyelwe e-polar kanye ne-non-polar Ukulinganisa: Ukulinganisa amaphuzu angu-2 emanzini agcwele umoya (umoya) kanye namanzi angenayo umoya-mpilo ukuze alinganiswe kumakhemikhali avunyiwe (umhwamuko we-solvent) Ukuvala inzalo: 70% EtOH, 70% ISPP Qaphela: Ukulinganisa kuphela ku-hPa noma mmHg ngobuningi. 1 h. Bamba ngokucophelela nangengqondo amabhamuza omoya!

* kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza: Iphoyinti elingu-1 lokulinganisa cishe u-21%/ukugcwala komoya, amaphuzu ama-2 wobubanzi obuphelele obuphakathi kuka-0% no-21%/ukugcwala komoya
** 0% isibopho sokulinganiswa. Ezilinganisweni ezingaba ngu-0%, ukulinganisa kwephoyinti elingu-1 kokuthi 0% O2 noma ukulinganisa ngokwezifiso ngokwezifiso <21% O2 phezulu futhi kokuthi 0% O2 okunconyiwe.

Izinzwa ezingathinteki

Into yenzwa	Imiyalo yohlelo lokusebenza oluqondene nenzwa
I-OXSP5	Isicelo: amanzi & igesi Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point ukulinganisa* Izici: isolation optical Ukwenziwa inzalo: i-ethylene oxide (EtO), 70% ethanol (EtOH), 70% isopropanol (ISPP), ingenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo imijikelezo embalwa ku-121°C imizuzu engu-15 ngokuqaphela okukhethekile (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Qaphela amabhamuza omoya! Namathisela ngokucophelela ngeglue ye-silicone bese uyeka ukoma amahora angu-24.
I-OXVIAL...	Isicelo: amanzi & igesi Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point ukulinganisa* Izici: Optical isolation Sterilization: EtO, 70% EtOH, 70% ISPP Qaphela: Susa amabhamuza omoya! Nquma ivolumu ethile ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Qinisekisa izimo zokushisa ezizinzile.
I-OXFLOW...	Isicelo: amanzi & igesi Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point ukulinganisa* Izici: Optical isolation Sterilization: EtO, 70% EtOH, 70% ISPP Qaphela: Izinga lokugeleza 1-500 mL/min. Susa amabhamuza omoya! Hlanza njalo.
OXFTC...	Isicelo: amanzi & igesi Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point ukulinganisa* Ukuvala inzalo: EtO, 70% EtOH, 70% ISPP Qaphela: Izinga lokugeleza 10-100/20-500 mL/min. Susa amabhamuza omoya! Hlanza njalo.
OXNANO	Isicelo: amanzi/amanzi sampLes Ukulinganisa: Ukulinganisa kwamaphoyinti angu-2 kumshini wokufaka inzalo omaphakathi: kungenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo imijikelezo embalwa ku-121°C imizuzu engu-15 ngokuqaphela okukhethekile (imininingwane ngesicelo) Qaphela: Kudingeka isinxephezelo sangemuva mathupha ezinhlelweni ze-microfluidic. Hhayi ku-colored, illuminated noma fluorescing sampLes.

I-TROX...

Isicelo: amanzi negesi ekugxilweni komoyampilo okuphansi cishe ku-0% O2 (ubukhulu 10% O2) Ukulinganisa: 1- noma 2-point calibration** in application medium, manual 0% ukulinganisa kuyisibopho Qaphela: Amandla esignali aphansi/isignali-kuya-nomsindo ezimeni zokugcwala komoya ngesikhathi sokulinganiswa okuphezulu!

* kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza: Iphoyinti elingu-1 lokulinganisa cishe u-21%/ukugcwala komoya, amaphuzu ama-2 wobubanzi obuphelele obuphakathi kuka-0% no-21%/ukugcwala komoya
** Ngezilinganiso ezingaba ngu-0%, ukulinganisa kwephoyinti elingu-1 kokuthi 0%O2 noma ukulinganisa ngokwezifiso ngokwezifiso <21% O2 phezulu futhi kokuthi 0% O2 okunconyiwe.

Izinzwa ezihlanganisiwe

* kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza: Iphoyinti elingu-1 lezinzwa zokushisa, iphoyinti elingu-1 lokulinganisa umoya-mpilo okungama-21%/ukugcwala komoya, iphoyinti elingu-2 lobubanzi obuphelele obuphakathi kuka-0% no-21%/ukugcwala komoya
** Iphoyinti elingu-1 lezinzwa zokushisa, iphoyinti elingu-1 lokulinganisa komoyampilo ezizungeze u-21%/ukugcwala komoya, iphoyinti elingu-2 lobubanzi obuphelele obuphakathi kuka-0% no-21%/ukugcwala komoya, ukulinganisa kwamaphoyinti angu-2 wezinzwa ze-pH ku-pH 2 ne-pH 11, kusetshenziswa amaphilisi e-PyroScience buffer

UKUBILISA IZIBULELE, UKUHLANZA KANYE NESIGCINI

Ukuvala inzalo
Izinzwa eziningi ze-oksijini zingahlanzwa nge-ethylene oxide (EtO) futhi zihlanzwe nge-peroxide (3% H2O2), isisombululo sensipho noma i-ethanol.
Sicela ubhekisele ekucacisweni kwe-PyroScience efanele webindawo.
Amabala enzwa ye-oksijini (into engunombolo. OXSP5) kanye nama-nanoprobes (into engunombolo. OXNANO) angenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo (imijikelezo embalwa ku-121°C imizuzu engu-15) ngokuqaphela okukhethekile. Imininingwane eyengeziwe ngesicelo.

Okubalulekile: ungasebenzisi i-bleach, i-acetone nanoma iyiphi i-solvent/ejenti engagunyaziwe yi-PyroScience!

Ukuhlanza Nokugcina
Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwezilinganiso, ithiphu lenzwa yohlobo lwenaliti kanye nezinzwa ze-fiber ezingenalutho, kanye nama-probe aqinile kufanele kuhlanjululwe ngokucophelela ngamanzi akhishwe amaminerali. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, yeka yome bese ufaka ikepisi / ishubhu yokuvikela ukuze uyigcine endaweni eyomile, emnyama futhi evikelekile ekamelweni lokushisa. Kuzo zonke izinzwa namafayibha, faka amakepisi amnyama kupulaki yefayibha ukuze uvimbele lokho kukhanya kungena kufiber okungenzeka kubangele ukubola kwesithombe kwesibonisi.
Uma kwenzeka izinzwa ezihoxiswayo kanye nokusetshenziswa emanzini olwandle / ama-aqueous sampNgokusebenzisa usawoti oncibilikisiwe, inzwa kufanele ihlanzwe kahle ngamanzi ancibilikisiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucwebezela kukasawoti inaliti engabangela ukuphuka kwephuzu lenzwa. Ngemva kokoma, hlehlisa ithiphu lenzwa enalini bese ufaka ikepisi yokuvikela enalitini ukuze uvikele ithiphu lenzwa futhi ugweme ukulimala.

Gcina inzwa endaweni eyomile, emnyama futhi evikelekile ezingeni lokushisa legumbi.
Ukukhukhuleka kwesignali kwenzwa kungabonisa ukufiphala kwesithombe kwesibonisi seREDFLASH esizwela umoya-mpilo kuye ngokuqina kokukhanya okuzungezile, kanye nokuqina kwesibani esivusa amadlingozi kanye ne-s.ample frequency. Lokhu kungadinga ukulinganiswa okusha kwenzwa futhi ngokunokwenzeka nokulungiswa kabusha Kwezilungiselelo Zenzwa. Esimeni samachashaza enzwa, lokhu kungadinga ukumiswa kabusha kwe-fiber optical endaweni yenzwa kanye nokulinganiswa okusha okulandelayo.
Uma ukuqina kwesignali kwehla ngaphansi kuka-50 mV, inzwa idinga ukushintshwa, njengoba kuboniswa isexwayiso esifanele.

Imibhalo Ehlobene

Imibhalo ehlobene yemiyalelo enemininingwane eyengeziwe kumadivayisi okufunda i-fiber-optic, isofthiwe nezinzwa zokubona ayatholakala:

• imanuwali yesoftware yokungena “Pyro Workbench” (Windows)
• imanuwali yemitha ye-multi-analyte FireSting-PRO
• imanuwali yemitha ye-oxygen FireSting-O2 (enesofthiwe ye-Oxygen Logger)
• imanuwali yemitha ye-oxygen ephathekayo i-FireSting-GO2 (enesofthiwe ye-FireSting-GO2 Manager)
• imanuwali yemitha ye-oxygen PICO2 (enesofthiwe ye-Oxygen Logger)
• imanuwali ye-AquapHOx Loggers noma Transmitters
• manual for optical pH izinzwa
• manual for izinzwa lokushisa optical

ISITHASISELO

Incazelo Yeyunithi Ye-oksijini

• isigaba shift dphi
  I-phase shift shift dphi iyiyunithi eyisisekelo elinganiswa nge-optoelectronics kudivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience (bona isahluko 8.3). Sicela uqaphele, ukuthi i-dphi ayincikile nhlobo kumayunithi we-oxygen, futhi amazinga e-oksijini akhulayo ahambisana nokwehla kwamanani e-dphi, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho! Njengomthetho, izimo ze-anoxic zizonikeza cishe i-dphi = 53, lapho umoya we-ambient uzonikeza cishe i-dphi = 20.
• inani elingahluziwe inani elingahluziwe
  Incazelo: inani elingahluziwe = %O2 (elingalinganisiwe)
  Inani leyunithi eluhlaza iyunithi ezenzakalelayo yezinzwa ezingalinganisiwe futhi ibonisa ukufundwa kwenzwa ye-oxygen yekhwalithi kuphela.
• ukucindezela okuyingxenye pO2 hPa = mbar
  Isetshenziswa ku: isigaba segesi namanzi
  Ngenzwa elinganiselwe, umfutho we-oksijini oyingxenye ye-pO2 kumayunithi we-hPa (okulingana ne-mbar) iyunithi ye-oxygen eyisisekelo elinganiswa idivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience.
• ukucindezela okuyingxenye pO2 Torr
  Incazelo: pO2 [Torr] = pO2 [hPa] x 759.96 / 1013.25
  Isetshenziswa ku: igesi noma isigaba samanzi
• ivolumu iphesenti pV %O2
  Incazelo: pV = pO2 [hPa] / patm x 100%
  Isetshenziswa ku: igesi ene-patm: ingcindezi yangempela ye-barometric
• % ukugcwala komoya A% njenge
  Incazelo: A[% as] = 100% x pO2 / p100O2
  Kusetshenziswe: isigaba samanzi nge-p100O2 = 0.2095 (patm – pH2O(T))
  pH2O(T) = 6.112mbar x exp (17.62 T[°C] / (243.12 + T[°C]))
  I-pO2: ingcindezi yengxenye yangempela
  i-patm: ingcindezi yangempela ye-barometric
  T: izinga lokushisa langempela
  I-pH2O(T): ukucindezela komhwamuko ogcwele amanzi ezingeni lokushisa elingu-T
• Ukugxila kwe-O2 encibilikisiwe C μmol/L
  Incazelo: C [μmol/L] = A[%as] / 100% x C100(T, P, S)
  Isetshenziswa: esigabeni samanzi nge-C100(T, P, S): ifomula yokuhumusha yokugxila komoyampilo encibilikisiwe kumayunithi we-μmol/L ezingeni lokushisa T, ukucindezela komkhathi P kanye nosawoti S (bheka isahluko 8.2).
• Ukugxila kwe-O2 encibilikisiwe C mg/L = ppm
  Incazelo: C [mg/L] = C [μmol/L] x 32 / 1000
  Isetshenziswa ku: isigaba samanzi
• Ukugxila kwe-O2 encibilikisiwe C mL/L
  Incazelo: C [mL/L] = C [μmol/L] x 0.02241
  Isetshenziswa ku: isigaba samanzi

Ukunyibilika komoyampilo
Ukubalwa kwe-equilibrium oxygen concentration C100(T, P=1013mbar, S) kumayunithi we-μmol/L kwenziwa ngomfutho womoya ojwayelekile ongu-1013 mbar njengomsebenzi wezinga lokushisa lamanzi ngamayunithi we-°C kanye nosawoti kumayunithi e-PSU (“iyunithi yosawoti esebenzayo” ≈ g/L). Ukuze ulungise lokhu ku-patm yomfutho womoya wangempela, kufanele kusetshenziswe ifomula elandelayo:

• C100(T, P, S) = C100(T, P=1013mbar, S) x patm / 1013mbar
• Izikhombo: UGarcia, HE noGordon, LI (1992)
• Ukuncibilika komoyampilo emanzini olwandle: Izibalo ezifaneleka kangcono.
• I-Limnol. I-Oceanogr. 37: 1307-1312
  UMillero, uFJ noPoisson, A (1981)
• I-equation yomhlaba wonke ye-one-atmosphere yesimo samanzi olwandle.
• I-Deep Sea Res. 28A: 625-629

Isimiso Sokulinganisa Umoya-mpilo
Ubuchwepheshe obusha be-REDFLASH busekelwe kusibonisi seREDFLASH esizwela umoya-mpilo esiyingqayizivele esibonisa ukukhanya okuhle kakhulu. Umgomo wokulinganisa usekelwe ekucimeni kwe-REDFLASH inkomba ye-luminescence ebangelwa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-molecule e-oksijini kanye nenkomba ye-REDFLASH engakwazi ukuhamba ithiphu lenzwa noma ngaphezulu. Izinkomba ze-REDFLASH zijabule ngokukhanya okubomvu (ngokunembile kakhulu: okuwolintshi-okubomvu kubude begagasi obungu-610-630 nm) futhi zibonisa ukukhanya okuncike kumoya-mpilo ku-infrared eseduze (NIR, 760-790 nm). Ubuchwepheshe be-REDFLASH buhlaba umxhwele ukunemba kwayo okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukuzwela okuphansi, kanye nezikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha. I-excitation yokukhanya okubomvu kunciphisa kakhulu iziphazamiso ezibangelwa i-autofluorescence futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi ezinhlelweni zebhayoloji. Izinkomba ze-REDFLASH zibonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-luminescence kunemikhiqizo encintisanayo esebenza ngokuthakazelisa kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngakho-ke, ubude befuleshi elibomvu lokulinganisa umoya-mpilo okukodwa bungehliswa ukusuka ngokuvamile ku-100 ms ukuya manje ngokuvamile obungu-10 ms, kwehle kakhulu umthamo wokukhanya ovezwe ekusetheni ukulinganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokukhanya okuhle kakhulu kwe-luminescence kwenkomba ye-REDFLASH, i-matrix yenzwa yangempela manje ingalungiswa ibe mncane kakhulu, okuholela ezikhathini zokuphendula okusheshayo zezinzwa ze-oxygen ye-PyroScience.

Umgomo wokulinganisa usekelwe ekukhanyeni okubomvu kwe-sinusoidally modulated. Lokhu kubangela ukukhishwa kwe-sinusoidally modulated okushintshwa ngesigaba ku-NIR. Idivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience ikala lokhu kushintsha kwesigaba (okubizwa ngokuthi “dphi” kusofthiwe). Ukushintsha kwesigaba kube sekuguqulelwa kumayunithi omoya-mpilo ngokusekelwe ku-Stern-Vollmer-Theory.

Incazelo Yekhodi Yezinzwa
Izinzwa zomoya-mpilo zilethwa nekhodi yenzwa enamathiselwe okufanele ifakwe kokuthi Izilungiselelo (bheka isahluko 3). Isibalo esilandelayo sinikeza incazelo emfushane mayelana nolwazi olunikezwe kukhodi yezinzwa.
ExampInombolo yepholisi: XB7-532-205

• Uhlobo lwenzwa
• Ukuqina kwe-LED
• Ampukuqinisa
• Ukulinganisa kwangaphambili 0%
• Ukulinganisa kwangaphambili 21%

Uhlobo lwenzwa

• I-Z Oxygen Micro / Minisensor
• Y Oxygen Minisensor
• I-X Robust Oxygen Probe
• I-V Oxygen Minisensor (ibanga le-TRACE)
• I-U Robust Oxygen Probe (ibanga le-TRACE)
• I-T Oxygen Sensor Spot / FTC (TRACE range)
• I-S Inzwa Ye-Oxygen Spot / FTC
• I-Q Solvent-Resistant Oxygen Probe
• P Oxygen Nanoprobes
• H Insetable Oxygen Miniprobe

Ukuqina kwe-LED

• A 10% E 40%
• B 15% F 60%
• C 20% G 80%
• D 30% H 100%

Ampukuqinisa

• 4 40x
• 5 80x
• 6 200x
• 7 400x

Izinzwa ze-oksijini

• I-C0 (Ukulinganiswa kwangaphambili kokuthi 0% O2)
• dphi0 = C0 / 10
• I-C100 (Ukulinganiswa kwangaphambili kokuthi 100% O2)
• dphi100 = C100 / 10
• Amanani okulinganisa ngaphambilini avumelekile kulezi zimo zokulinganisa ezilandelayo:
• Ingxenye Yevolumu Ye-oksijeni (% O2) 20.95
• Izinga lokushisa kuwo womabili amaphoyinti okulinganisa (°C) 20.0
• Ingcindezi Yomoya (mbar) 1013
• Umswakamo (% RH) 0

Izinzwa ezitholakalayo namadivayisi okufunda

Amadivayisi we-FireStingAmadivayisi we-PICO

SUB-isixhumi Amadivayisi

I-PT100 Temperature Sensor Calibration
Ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembile kwezinga lokushisa okuphelele, ukulinganisa kwephuzu elingu-1 kokuzithandela kwenzwa yangaphandle lokushisa kuyanconywa (ngaphandle kwamadivayisi we-AquapHOx).
Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlola ukufundwa kwezinga lokushisa langaphandle le-Pt100 probe ngezikhathi ezithile emanzini anyakazayo / okugeza kwamanzi / incubator yamazinga okushisa aziwayo endaweni engaguquki. Kungenzeka futhi ukulungisa ingxube yamanzi neqhwa enikeza u-0°C, lapho okungenani u-50 mm wephuzu lokuhlola izinga lokushisa le-Pt100 licwiliswa emanzini. Ngemva kokulinganiswa kwe-Pt100, ukulinganisa kwenzwa entsha yokubona kufanele kwenziwe

IZIXWAYISO NEZINHLAHLANDLELA ZOKUPHEPHA

• Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izinzwa ze-oxygen ze-PyroScience, funda ngokucophelela imiyalelo nezincwadi zomsebenzisi zedivayisi yokufunda ye-PyroScience efanele. Amamanyuwali ayatholakala ukuthi alandwe kuwo www.pyroscience.com
• Vimbela ukucindezelwa komshini (isb. ukunwaya) endaweni yezinzwa ekugcineni kwenzwa yomoya-mpilo! Gwema ukugoba okuqinile kwezintambo ze-fiber-optic. Bangase baphule!
• Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokuzwa ephelele ekugcineni ihlale imbozwe ngu-sample futhi ayinawo amabhamuza omoya, futhi lolo ketshezi samples ziyanyakaziswa.
• Ukulinganisa nokusebenzisa izinzwa zomoya-mpilo kunegunya lomsebenzisi, kanye nokutholwa kwedatha, ukwelashwa nokushicilelwa!
• Izinzwa ze-oxygen ye-PyroScience kanye namadivayisi okufunda ahloselwe izinjongo zezokwelapha noma zezempi nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuphepha. Akumele zisetshenziselwe izicelo kubantu; hhayi okokuhlolwa kwe-vivo kubantu, hhayi ngezinjongo zokuxilonga abantu noma zokwelapha. Izinzwa akumele zixhumane ngqo nokudla okuhloselwe ukudliwa abantu.
• Izinzwa kumele zisetshenziswe elabhorethri ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe kuphela, ngokulandela imiyalelo yomsebenzisi kanye neziqondiso zokuphepha zebhukwana, kanye nemithetho efanele kanye neziqondiso zokuphepha elabhorethri!
• Gcina izinzwa zomoya-mpilo we-PyroScience namadivayisi okufunda akude nezingane! Gcina izinzwa ze-oxygen endaweni evikelekile, eyomile futhi emnyama ekamelweni lokushisa.

CONTACT

• I-PyroScience GmbH
• I-Kackertstraße 11
• 52072 Aachen
• Deutschland
• Ucingo: +49 (0) 241 5183 2210
• Ifeksi: +49 (0)241 5183 2299
• info@pyros
• cience.com
• www.pyroscience.com

Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza

PyroScience O2 Izinzwa Oxygen [pdf] Imaniwali yosebenzisayo O2, O2 Izinzwa Oxygen, O2, Oxygen Izinzwa, Izinzwa

Izithenjwa

• Imaniwali yosebenzisayo