I-Microsemi ProASIC3/E SSO kanye Nemihlahlandlela Yokubeka Phina Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi
Isingeniso
I-Ground bounce kanye ne-VCC bounce bekulokhu kukhona kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe edijithali (ama-ICs).
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe nezici ze-CMOS ezinciphayo, isivinini semiklamo, izilinganiso zokubulala ze-I/O, kanye nosayizi wamabhasi e-I/O kwenyuke kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukushintsha kanyekanye okuphumayo (ama-SSO) kanye nemiphumela yako ekuthembekeni kwesignali kube yinto ebalulekile kunoma iyiphi idizayini ye-IC yedijithali.
Uma ama-SSO angaklanyelwe kahle abe yisakhiwo sebhodi noma i-IC yedijithali, kungase kubangele ukonakala kwedatha nokwehluleka kwesistimu.
Ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezibangelwa i-SSO ezinhlelweni zesimanje zedijithali, abaklami kufanele babeke engcupheni ukwakheka kwebhodi okuhle kakhulu ukuze kube nokwethembeka.
Isakhiwo sebhodi esihle singase sihlanganise izinqubo ezifana nokubeka konke okokufaka ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-chip, okuphumayo ngakolunye uhlangothi, nawo wonke amaphini ebhasi eduze kwelinye ukuze kwenziwe ukwakheka kwebhodi kube lula.
Ezinhlelweni zanamuhla zedijithali, ukusebenzisa ama-FPGA esimanje njenge-Micro semi ProASIC®3/E kungase kubangele ukonakala kwedatha ngenxa yokugxuma okuphansi, ukugxuma kwe-VCC, noma ukungqubuzana.
Ukuklama uhlelo oluthembekile lwe-ProASIC3/E FPGAs, landela imithetho emithathu elula:
- Khomba ama-SSO kumklamo kusenesikhathi somjikelezo wokuklama ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi uwasakaze kuwo wonke amapheripheri okufa.
Gwema amaqoqo amaphinikhodi e-SSO angaphezu kwamane. - Khomba amasiginali wesistimu azwelayo (futhi ngokuvamile angavumelanisiwe), futhi uwavikele emiphumeleni ye-SSO (amasu okuvikela akhethekile kuxoxwa ngawo kamuva kulo mbhalo).
- Sebenzisa isilinganiso esiphansi esingakhona sokubulala se-I/O futhi ushayele amandla isikhathi sokuklama esizowasekela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lead inductance enkulu kumaphakheji we-PQ, TQ, kanye ne-VQ yenza lawa maphakheji abe sengcupheni ye-SSOs futhi yingakho engathandeki kumadizayini anesivinini esikhulu noma imiklamo enenani elikhulu lama-SSO.
Amaphakheji e-FG noma e-BG akhethwa kumiklamo enjalo ngoba abonisa ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwe-SSO.
Ngokulandela le mithetho emithathu engenhla, uzodala amasistimu athembekile mahhala emiphumeleni ye-SSO.
Izigaba ezilandelayo zihlanganisa izincomo ezithile ze-SSO kanye namasu okunciphisa amadizayini angahambisani nalezi zincomo.
SSO Effects
Isamba senani lama-SSO ebhasi ngalinye linqunywa ngokuhlonza okuphumayo okuvunyelaniswe esizindeni sewashi elilodwa, anezikhathi zokuphuma kwewashi phakathi kwama-±200 ps elinye nelinye, futhi abekwe eduze komunye nomunye kumaphedi okufa zikuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-I/O ebucayi, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 ekhasini lesi-2.
I-I/O ezwelayo ethintwa i-SSO ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi isisulu I/O noma i-I/O ethule. I-SSO ingase ithinte i-I/O yesisulu uma isamba senani lama-SSO kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zesisulu I/O lidlula isincomo se-ProASIC3/E SSO.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-SSO kufanele abhekiselwe kumaphedi okufa hhayi izikhonkwane zephakheji, njengoba izikhonkwane zephakeji ezingomakhelwane azisondelene kakhulu kudayizi (isb., amaphakheji e-BG ne-FG).
Lokhu kunganqunywa ngokusebenzisa i-Multi View I-Navigator (MVN) kusofthiwe Yokuklama, noma imidwebo ye-die/package bonding ehlinzekwa i-Micro semi.
Kodwa-ke, lapho ulandela umkhondo ebhodini, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-SSO ekulandeleleni okungomakhelwane ebhodini ingase ithinte i-I/O ethule ezungezwe imikhondo ye-SSO ngenxa ye-crosstalk noma ukuhlangana.
Umfanekiso 1: Umdwebo Oyisisekelo Webhulokhi ye-I/O Ethule Uzungezwe Ibhasi le-SSO
Umphumela we-SSO Kumandla kanye Naphansi kokuthi Okukhiphayo Kuthule
Uma i-SSO iguqulela ohlangothini olulodwa (okungaba KUPHANSI kuye kwaPHANSI noma KUPHANSI kuye ku-HIGH), inani elibalulekile lamanje liqala ukugeleza ngokushesha liye phansi noma amaphinikhodi e-VCCI.
Lesi samanje siyisamba sikasinki ngesikhathi esisodwa noma amaza omthombo wamabhafa okukhiphayo e-CMOS.
Ukweqa okusheshayo kwamanje kubangela ivolumutage drop on the inductance parasitic between board and die VCCI and ground (V = L × di/dt).
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nesenzeko sokugxuma komhlaba kanye ne-VCCI, bheka inothi lesicelo Sokushintsha Umsindo Okuhambisanayo.
Ukushintshashintsha kwendawo kwe-VCCI namazinga aphansi kungase kubangele amasiginali kokuphumayo okuthulile (okukalwa maqondana ne-VCCI eguquguqukayo kanye nomhlabathi) ukuthi ahunyushwe ngokungeyikho njengezinkinga zokucabanga ezingafuneki.
Umphumela we-SSO Kokokufaka
I-SSO ingase futhi ithinte okokufaka okuthulile ngenxa yokuxhumana kanye namandla ephaketheni ngaphezu kwe-crosstalk engase ibe khona yokulandela amasignali ebhodini.
Ama-SSO angabangela ukuphazamiseka kokucabanga kunoma yikuphi okokufaka okuthulile abakuzungezile.
Amaphutha angafuneki angabangela ukwehluleka ukusebenza uma asakazwa ngebhafa yokokufaka.
Kusici se-SSO samadivayisi we-ProASIC3/E, amaphutha athathwa njengamaphutha uma enza ukuthi ama-latches angaphakathi edizayini aqalise.
Umphumela we-SSO Ekubanjezelweni Kokukhiphayo (ukuphusha ngaphandle)
Njengoba isivinini kanye nezinga lokubulala le-I/O lama-ICs edijithali likhula, imiphumela ye-ground kanye ne-VCCI bounce iqala ukubonakala kumiklamo yesistimu yedijithali.
Eminye yale miphumela ukubambezeleka kokuphumayo noma ukuphuma.
I-ground bounce kanye ne-VCCI dip ebangelwa izinguquko ze-SSO kudala ukuwa kwesikhashana kwamazinga angaphakathi e-VCCI kanye/noma we-GND kumabhafa okukhiphayo.
Lolu shintsho kuleveli yokuhlinzeka lukhuphula isikhathi sokulibaziseka kokusakazwa kwebhafa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuphuma kwe-SSO kwenzeka ebhasini le-SSO ngokwalo kanye nasemiphumeleni yezisulu.
Izinto eziningi, njengemvamisa yebhasi ye-SSO, amandla okushayela, nezinga lokubulala, zifaka isandla ekuphusheni.
Lezi zici zingashintshwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kokuphusha.
Uma isikhathi sokuphuma kwewashi siye ku-out sokukhishwa kwesisulu sibalulekile, ukubambezeleka kokuphuma kufanele kucatshangelwe kusabelomali sesikhathi somklamo.
Umphumela we-SSO kokuthi Isilinganiso Esiphansi Sokufaka Sokufakwayo (isikhathi sokukhuphuka esiphezulu/sokuwa)
Uma ama-SSO azungeze okokufaka edlula isincomo se-Micro semi, imfuneko yesilinganiso esincane sokubulala salokho okokufaka ingase ithinteke.
Isilinganiso esincane sokufaka esibulalayo yisikhathi esinensa kunazo zonke sokushintsha isignali (kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-1 noma okuphambene nalokho) kokokufaka okungabangeli ukuphazamiseka kokunengqondo okungafunwa phakathi noshintsho lwesignali.
Umfanekiso 2 ekhasini lesi-3 ubonisa amaphutha anengqondo angafunwa ngezikhathi zoshintsho olunensayo.
Njengoba kubonisiwe, i-logic glitch ngenxa yokunensa kwesikhathi sokushintsha ingabangela ukungasebenzi kahle komqondo kokokufaka okuzwela onqenqemeni (okungukuthi, amasignali wewashi).
Uma okokufaka okuzwelayo kuthintwa ibhasi le-SSO, ubuncane bezinga lokubulala (isikhathi esikhulu sokukhuphuka nokuwa) kufanele sehliswe kusukela kulokho okusohlwini lwedatha yedivayisi.
Ngokuvamile, okokufaka okuvumelanayo, okuzwela izinga akujwayele ukungasebenzi kahle ngenxa yalesi simo ngoba inani lakhona elinengqondo libalulekile kuphela umaampeholwa yiwashi.
Umfanekiso 2 • Isikhathi Esinensayo Sokukhuphuka/Ukuwa Sidala Izinkinga Ekuphumeni Kwesibhafa Okokufaka
Ukuvikela kuma-SSO
Uma ukuchayeka kwamasiginali azwelayo (isb., ukusetha kabusha okungavumelanisiwe) ku-SSO kungenakugwema, lawa masiginali adinga ukuvikelwa kuma-SSO ukuze kwehliswe imiphumela engadingeki.
Ukuvikela ngokuyisisekelo ukwehlukanisa amasiginali azwelayo kuma-SSO kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane ezingomakhelwane.
Umfanekiso 3 ubonisa umdwebo webhulokhi oyisisekelo obonisa ukuphuma kwesisulu phambi kwebhasi le-SSO.
Umfanekiso 3 • Uhlelo Lokuvikela
Kunamasu ahlukene okuvikela angasetshenziswa ukuvikela i-I/O yesisulu ebhasini le-SSO.
Ngaphambi kokuchaza lezi zindlela, umqondo we-virtual ground kanye ne-VCCI ebonakalayo kufanele uqondwe.
I-Virtual Ground
Umhlabathi obonakalayo, owaziwa nangokuthi umhlabathi othambile, usetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komsindo.
Ngokuphikisana nomhlabathi wangempela, oxhunywe ezindizeni ezingaphakathi kwephakheji, indawo ebonakalayo ixhunywe ezindizeni ngokuphazamiseka kwebhafa ye-I/O.
I-virtual ground iphinikhodi eliphansi elisetshenziswa kusetshenziswa izimbobo ze-I/O ezijwayelekile.
Ukuze usebenzise umhlabathi obonakalayo, qinisa isigcinalwazi sokuphumayo (esinamandla aphezulu okushayela kanye nezinga lokubulala) ekwakhiweni.
Bophela okokufaka kwalesi sibhafa esiphumayo sibe uziro ngaphakathi komklamo ukuze isilondolozi sokukhiphayo sihlale sishayela ezingeni eliphansi.
I-Virtual VCCI
I-Virtual VCCI ifana nomhlabathi obonakalayo.
Umehluko kuphela ukuthi esimweni se-VCCI ebonakalayo, isigcinalwazi sokukhipha sishayela unomphela ku-logic HIGH.
Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuvikela ezinconywe i-Micro semi: a) ukusebenzisa izikhonkwane ze-GND noma izizathu ezibonakalayo kanye b) kusetshenziswa noma iyiphi i-VCCII, GND, VCCI, i-I/O engasetshenzisiwe, esetshenzisiwe (kodwa engazweli) I/O, nanoma iyiphi inhlanganisela zalezi zikhonkwane.
Ukuvikela Ngokusebenzisa i-GND noma Izikhonkwane Zomhlaba Obonakalayo
Uma uvikela ama-I/O azwelayo ebhasini le-SSO, i-GND noma izikhonkwane zasemhlabeni ezingokoqobo zingasetshenziswa uma kudingeka.
Kulesi simo, amaphinikhodi amabili noma amathathu e-GND noma aphansi kufanele abekwe ohlangothini ngalunye lwe-I/O ethule.
Izikhonkwane zokuzivikela kufanele zixhunywe ngaphandle emhlabathini wezinga lebhodi.
Ukuze uvimbele noma yikuphi ukuhlangana kweleveli yebhodi noma umsindo we-crosstalk kuma-I/O azwelayo, amaphinikhodi okuvikela kufanele ahanjiswe ebhodini eduze kwebhasi le-SSO kubo bonke ubude bokulandelelwa kwe-SSO kanye nakusendlalelo esifanayo sebhodi.
Lezi zindlela ezivikelayo kufanele zixhunywe emhlabathini webhodi kuzo zombili iziphetho zobude bazo.
Ukuvikela Ngokusebenzisa Ezinye Izikhonkwane
Uhlobo lwamaphini okuvikela alukhawulelwe ku-GND noma ezizindeni ezibonakalayo.
Izikhonkwane zokuvikela zingaphinda zibe i-VCCI, i-VCCII, i-VCCI ebonakalayo, ama-I/Os angasetshenzisiwe, noma ama-I/O asetshenzisiwe angazweli emiphumeleni ye-SSO (isb, ukuphuma kokushayela ama-LED).
Indlela Yokusebenzisa Lo Mqulu
Yonke le dokhumenti ihlukaniswe ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni emithathu ehlukene ye-SSO: kokuphumayo, kokufakwayo, kanye Nakuma-Clock Conditioning Circuits (CCCs).
Isigaba ngasinye sihlanganisa amathebula akhomba inani eliphezulu elinconyiwe lama-SSO kanye nesivikelo esidingekayo uma inani lama-SSO lidlula isincomo.
Amathebula ahlukaniswe ngohlobo lwedivayisi/iphakheji (isb., A3P600-FG484) kanye nokucushwa kwe-I/O kwebhasi le-SSO (okungukuthi, amandla okushayela nezinga lokubulala).
Uma inhlanganisela yedivayisi/iphakheji oyifunayo ingatholakali kumathebula, khetha isincomo se-SSO sohlobo lwephakheji eliseduze kanye nosayizi omncane wokufa olandelayo.
I-ex elandelayoample ichaza izimo ezimbili lapho isincomo se-SSO kwenye idivayisi/iphakheji singasetshenziselwa ilungu lomndeni we-ProASIC3/E:
- Imihlahlandlela ye-SSO ye-A3P250-PQ208 ingasetshenziswa uma uklama i-A3P400-PQ208.
- Imihlahlandlela ye-SSO ye-A3PE600-FG484 ingasetshenziswa uma udizayina i-A3PE1500-FG676.
Kufanele ufunde wonke lo mbhalo, ucabangele inhlanganisela yedivayisi/iphakheji oyifunayo, uchaze isimo se-SSO esibi kakhulu, futhi usebenzise imihlahlandlela ye-SSO noma izincomo zokuvikela ezichazwe kumathebula.
Ekupheleni kwesigaba ngasinye, kunikwa imihlahlandlela yokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani imiphumela ye-SSO.
Qaphela ukuthi idatha evezwe kulo mbhalo iqoqwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezivamile (1.5 V core voltage kanye nezinga lokushisa legumbi).
Ama-CMOS transistors ashintsha ngokushesha uma kubanda, ngakho-ke amazinga onqenqema ayashesha, ngakho imiphumela ye-SSO ivamise ukuba mibi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Ekupheleni kwalo mbhalo, eminye imihlahlandlela yezinga lebhodi evamile ifakiwe.
I-Microsemi incoma ukuthi ulandele lezi ziqondiso lapho uklama amabhodi.
Imiphumela ye-SSO Kokuphumayo
Lesi sigaba sichaza imiphumela ye-SSO kweminye imiphumela.
Njengoba kushiwo esigabeni esithi “Ukuvikela kusuka ku-SSO” ekhasini 3, kumadivayisi we-ProASIC3 kanye ne-ProASIC3E, imiphumela ye-SSOs kokuphumayo okuthulile ihlukaniswa ngokugxuma okuphansi, ukugxuma kwe-VCCI, nokuphusha ngaphandle.
Izigaba ezilandelayo zinikeza izici zemiphumela ye-SSO kokuphumayo futhi zinikeza imihlahlandlela yokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani le miphumela.
Ground kanye ne-VCCI Bounce
Imiphumela eyaziwa kakhulu ye-SSOs iphansi futhi i-VCCI bounce.
Lesi sigaba sibonisa i-ProASIC3/E phansi kanye ne-VCCI bounce phambi kwe-SSO.
Njengoba okuphumayo okunamandla edrayivu aphezulu noma umthombo wesilinganiso sokubulala esisheshayo/ushona phezulu ngesikhathi sokushintsha, ama-SSO aphazamisa kakhulu uma elungiswa ngamandla okushayela aphezulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokubulala.
Ithebula 1 ekhasini lesi-5 libala inani le-SSOs elibangela amazinga athile omhlaba kanye nokugxuma kwe-VCCI kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene, iphakheji, nokulungiselelwa kwebhasi le-SSO.
I-bounce yaphansi ephazamisayo yileyo enokuphakama okungu-1.25 V kanye nobubanzi obungu-1 ns—okwanele ukucupha okokufaka kwesivinini esiphezulu ukuze kushintshwe inani lakhona ukusuka kuqanda ukuya koyedwa.
Ngokufanayo, ukubhampa kwe-VCCI okuphazamisayo kubangela ama-oscillations ekuphumeni okuthulile (ukushayela KU-HIGH) ngobukhulu obungu-2 V nobubanzi obungu-1 ns.
Lawa manani akhethwa ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwebhentshi elincane elincane kusetshenziswa ukuzwela okokufaka okujwayelekile kwe-CMOS
Ithebula 1 • Inombolo yama-SSO Adala Inkundla Ecacisiwe kanye ne-VCCI Bounce
| Idivayisi | Amandla Okushayela (mA) | Isilinganiso Slew | I-SSO Ibangela GND Bounce | I-SSO Ibangela i-VCCI Bounce |
| I-A3P250-PQ208 | 24 | Phezulu | 4 | 2 |
| Phansi | 4 | 6 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | 8 | 12 | |
| Phansi | 16 | 16 | ||
| I-A3PE600-PQ208 | 24 | Phezulu | 6 | 4 |
| Phansi | 8 | 8 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | 10 | 12 | |
| Phansi | 14 | 16 | ||
| I-A3PE600-FG484 | 24 | Phezulu | 24 | 10 |
| Phansi | 56 | 16 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | >64 | 32 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| I-A3P1000-FG484 | 24 | Phezulu | 36 | 12 |
| Phansi | >64 | 26 | ||
| 16 | Phezulu | >64 | 24 | |
| Phansi | >64 | 40 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | >64 | 36 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| 8/6/4/2 | Phezulu | >64 | >64 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| I-A3PE1500-FG484 | 24 | Phezulu | 28 | 18 |
| Phansi | 46 | 28 | ||
| 16 | Phezulu | 46 | 26 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | >64 | 62 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| 8/6/4/2 | Phezulu | >64 | >64 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| I-A3PE/AGLE3000-FG484 | 24 | Phezulu | 54 | 24 |
| Phansi | >64 | 42 | ||
| 16 | Phezulu | >64 | 44 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | >64 | >64 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 | ||
| 8/6/4/2 | Phezulu | >64 | >64 | |
| Phansi | >64 | >64 |
Ithebula 2 • Ground Bounce and Shielding for A3PE3000-FG896
| Amandla Okushayela (mA) | Isilinganiso Slew | Ground Bounce 5 < SSOs <10 | Ground Bounce SSOs>10 | Ukuvikela kwe-4 < SSOs <8 | Ukuvikela kwe-SSO > 8 |
| 24 | Phezulu | Ayinakwa | 1 ns | 0 | 0 |
| Phansi | Ayinakwa | Ayinakwa | 0 | 0 | |
| 12 | Phezulu | Ayinakwa | I-800 ps | 0 | 0 |
| Phansi | Ayinakwa | Ayinakwa | 0 | 0 | |
| <8 | Noma yikuphi | Ayinakwa | Ayinakwa | 0 | 0 |
I-Output Push-Out
Njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni esithi “SSO Effect on Output Delay (push-out)” ekhasini 2, uma okukhiphayo kuzungezwe ama-SSO, ukubambezeleka kokusabalalisa kwalokho okukhiphayo kungase kukhuliswe ngenxa yomsindo ophansi noma we-VCCI.
Umfanekiso wesi-4 ubonisa umdwebo olula womphumela wokuphusha.
Njengoba kubonisiwe, umphumela wokuphusha uvela kuphela uma okukhiphayo okuthintekile kushintsha ngesikhathi esifanayo nebhasi le-SSO.
Uma okuphumayo okuzungezwe ibhasi le-SSO kungashintshi ngesikhathi esisodwa (ngaphakathi kokungu-200 ps komunye nomunye) nge-SSO, okuphumayo akuthintwa ukwenzeka kokuphusha.
Umfanekiso 4 • Umphumela we-SSO Push-Out
Ithebula lesi-3 libala ukwanda kokulibaziseka kokukhishwayo kobubanzi obuhlukahlukene be-SSO kanye nokucushwa.
Ithebula 3 • I-SSO Push-Out Effect Kokuphumayo Kuzungezwe Ama-SSO
| Iphakheji | Amandla Okushayela (mA) | Isilinganiso Slew | 5 < SSOs <10 | I-SSO ³ 10 |
| PQ208 | 24 | Phezulu | <1.1 ns | <1.8 ns |
| Phansi | <600 p | <1.2 ns | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | <900 p | <1.5 ns | |
| Phansi | Ayinakwa | Ayinakwa | ||
| £8 | Noma yikuphi | Ayinakwa | Ayinakwa | |
| FG484 | Noma yikuphi | Noma yikuphi | Ayinakwa | Ayinakwa |
Amanothi:
- Idatha yethebula etholwe lapho ukulayisha okuphumayo kungu-30 pF.
- Umthwalo omkhulu wokukhiphayo unyusa umphumela wokuphusha.
Njengesiboneloample, ukukhulisa umthwalo ophumayo usuka ku-30 pF uye ku-50 pF kukhulisa umphumela wokuphusha ngo-40%.
Ukunciphisa Imiphumela ye-SSO Kokukhiphayo
Noma yimuphi umzamo wokunciphisa umphumela we-SSO uqala ngokususa ama-SSO ngokwawo.
Njengoba kuchazwe “Esethulweni” ekhasini 1, ama-SSO kufanele asatshalaliswe kuwo wonke ama-die pads ukuze kugwenywe ibhasi elikhulu le-SSO eligxile endaweni eyodwa yokufa.
Uma kungenzeka, isikhathi sokuphuma kwewashi ukuya ekuphumeni kwamabhasi okukhiphayo kufanele kube stageyenzelwe ukunciphisa inani lama-SSO eduze kwemiphumela ebucayi.
Uma ukubekwa kokuphumayo okuzwelayo eduze nebhasi le-SSO kungenakugwema, lokho okukhiphayo kufanele kuvikelwe ebhasini.
Uhlelo lokuvikela ukuvikela imiphumela ezwelayo ukubambezeleka lufana nemihlahlandlela ethulwe kuThebula lesi-4 ekhasini lesi-8.
Noma kunini lapho kudingeka ukuvikela, kuyanconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-GND noma izikhonkwane zomhlabathi ezibonakalayo njengesivikelo.
Kodwa-ke, kwamukelekile ukusebenzisa ezinye izikhonkwane zokuvikela ukuvikela okuphumayo okubucayi okuvela kuma-SSO.
Ukuhlukanisa amabhasi e-SSO abe yizigaba ezincane kusiza ukunciphisa umphumela we-SSO.
Ibhasi le-SSO lingahlukaniswa ngokufaka izikhala phakathi kwamaphini ebhasi e-SSO uma zibekwe kumaphedi okufa, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 5.
Izikhala zingaba i-GND noma i-virtual ground, i-VCCI noma i-VCCI ebonakalayo, i-I/O engasetshenziswa, noma ama-I/O asetshenzisiwe angabelwe amasiginali azwelayo futhi angaguquguquki njalo noma ngokuvumelanisa nama-SSO (isb, amasiginali ashayela ama-LED).
Umfanekiso 5 • EksampIbhasi le-SSO elihlanganisiwe nelihlukanisiwe
Futhi, njengoba kuchazwe kuThebula 1 ekhasini lesi-5 kanye neThebula 3, amaphakheji e-FG nawe-BG abonisa izici ezingcono kakhulu ngokuphathelene nemiphumela ye-SSO kunamaphakheji e-PQ, TQ, noma e-VQ.
Ngakho-ke, kumadizayini anesivinini esikhulu noma imiklamo enenani elibalulekile lamabhasi aphumayo abanzi, amaphakheji e-FG noma e-BG anconywa kakhulu.
Ngokungeziwe ekwakhiweni okunengqondo nohlobo lwephakheji yedivayisi, ukwakheka kwezinga lebhodi kuyipharamitha ebalulekile ekunciphiseni imiphumela ye-SSO.
I-PCB eklanywe kahle, ekwazi ukuhlinzeka ngevolumu ehlanzekiletagi-e inikezela ku-FPGA, ayingenwa kalula nomsindo ngakho yenza kangcono.
Ukuhlaziywa Kwesikhathi Sezinga Lebhodi Nge-Push-Out Njengoba umphumela wokuphusha ushintsha isikhathi sokuphuma kwewashi siye-kuphume sesiginali ezungezwe ama-SSO, abaklami kufanele baqikelele lapho benza ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi kweleveli yebhodi kokuphumayo okunjalo.
Okulandelayo izincomo ze-Micro semi zokubala isikhathi sewashi-kuya-kuphuma samasiginali athintwa yi-push-out phenomena:
- Ngezibalo zesikhathi sokusetha ezingeni lebhodi:
Iwashi lokuphuma = iwashi lokuphuma elibi kakhulu elibikwe yi-Smart Time + ukulibaziseka kokuphuma - Ngezibalo zezinga lebhodi lokubamba:
Iwashi-kuya-kuphume = iwashi-kuya-kuphuma elibikwe yi-Smart Time
Imiphumela ye-SSO Kokokufaka
Njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni esithi “Virtual VCCI” ekhasini 3, uma okokufaka okuthulile kuzungezwe i-SSO, ingqondo eqhutshwa yilokho okufakwayo ingase ibe nenkinga lapho ibhasi le-SSO lishintsha.
Kumadivayisi e-ProASIC3/E kumaphakheji e-FG noma e-BG, okokufaka akuthintwa ibhasi le-SSO.
Nokho, kumaphakheji e-PQ, TQ, kanye ne-VQ, ngenxa yokuthuthwa komthofu omkhulu, ama-SSO angase athinte okokufaka njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni esithi “SSO Effect On Inputs” ekhasini 2 kanye “Ne-SSO Effect on Minimum Input Slew Rate (ubuningi bokufaka isikhathi sokuvuka/sokuwa)” ingxenye ekhasini 2.
Ithebula lesi-4 lichaza ukuvikela okokufaka okudingekayo kosayizi abahlukahlukene be-SSO ngokucushwa okuhlukile kwe-I/O.
Okwesiboneloample, kuphakheji ye-PQ208, uma okokufaka okuzwelayo (isb, ukusetha kabusha okungavumelaniyo) kuzungezwe ibhasi le-SSO elilungiselelwe amandla okushayela angu-16 mA kanye nezinga lokubulala eliphansi, kudingeka izikhonkwane ezimbili zokuvikela ohlangothini ngalunye lokokufaka okubucayi ukuze kuvinjelwe noma iyiphi ingqondo. glitch emugqeni wokusetha kabusha phakathi noshintsho lwebhasi le-SSO.
Ithebula 4 • Imfuneko Yokuvikela Okokufaka Kusuka Ku-SSO 1
|
Iphakheji |
Amandla Okushayela (mA) |
Isilinganiso Slew |
Kudingeka Ukuvikela 2
kwe-4 < SSO <8 |
Kudingeka Ukuvikela 2
kwe-SSO > 8 |
| PQ208 | 24 | Phezulu | 2 | 3 |
| Phansi | 2 | 2 | ||
| 16 | Phezulu | 2 | 3 | |
| Phansi | 2 | 2 | ||
| 12 | Phezulu | 0 | 1 | |
| Phansi | 0 | 0 | ||
| 8 | Noma yikuphi | 0 | 0 | |
| FG484 | Noma yikuphi | Noma yikuphi | 0 | 0 |
Amanothi:
- Izilinganiso zenziwe nge-3.3 V swing ebhasini le-SSO.
- Izikhonkwane zokuvikela ziyadingeka ohlangothini lokokufaka okuzwelayo eduze kwebhasi le-SSO
Kumaphakheji e-PQ, TQ, kanye ne-VQ, okokufaka okuzwelayo kungase kuthintwa ama-SSO njengoba kuchazwe “Kumthelela we-SSO Kusilinganiso Sokulahla Esincane Sokufaka (isikhathi sokufaka esiphezulu sokukhuphuka/ekuwa)” ekhasini 2. Uma okokufaka okuzwela emaphethelweni kuzungezwe yi- ibhasi le-SSO liphakama noma liwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nesokushintsha kwe-SSO, izikhathi eziphezulu zokukhuphuka nokuwa zalokho okokufaka kufanele zibe ngaphansi kuka-3 ns ukuze kugwenywe noma yiziphi izinkinga, njengoba kuchazwe “I-SSO Effect on Minimum Input Slew Rate (ubukhulu bokufaka okokufaka /isikhathi sokuwa)” ingxenye ekhasini 2.
Ukunciphisa Imithelela ye-SSO Kokokufaka
Njengoba kuboniswe kuThebula 1 ekhasini 5, kumaphakheji e-PQ, TQ, kanye ne-VQ, okokufaka kungase kuthintwa ibhasi le-SSO elizungezile, kuye ngokucushwa kanye nenombolo ye-SSOs. Amaphakheji e-FG nawe-BG abonisa izici ezingcono kakhulu ze-SSO ngenxa yokungena komthofu omncane.
Ngakho-ke, abaklami bayakhuthazwa ukuthi basebenzise lawa maphakheji kumiklamo enama-SSO futhi azwelayo emsindweni.
Kuphinde kunconywe ukuthi abaklami basebenzise imihlahlandlela evamile echazwe kokuthi “Isethulo” ekhasini 1 ukuze basuse izimo ze-SSO ezingase zibangele izinkinga zobuqotho besignali yesistimu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwe-Micro semi kubonisa ukuthi kumadivayisi we-ProASIC3/E, okokufaka okulungiselelwe ngenketho ye-Schmitt Trigger kuyakwazi ukubekezelela kancane umsindo obangelwa ibhasi le-SSO.
Ngakho-ke, i-Micro semi incoma ukuthi abaklami bakhethe inketho ye-Schmitt Trigger yokokufaka okubalulekile okuzungezwe ama-SSO noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.
Noma nini lapho ukuvikela kudingwa kuThebula lesi-4 ekhasini lesi-8, kuyatuswa ukusebenzisa i-GND noma izikhonkwane zomhlabathi eziwuphawu njengesivikelo (okuchazwe esigabeni esithi “Ukuvikela Usebenzisa i-GND noma Izikhonkwane Ze-Virtual Ground” ekhasini 3); kodwa, kwamukelekile ukusebenzisa ezinye izikhonkwane zokuvikela (njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni esithi “Ukuvikela Ngokusebenzisa Amanye Amaphini” ekhasini 4) ukuze kuvikelwe okokufaka okubucayi okuvela kuma-SSO.
Ukunciphisa Imithelela ye-SSO Emijikelezweni Yokumisa Iwashi
Ngokuvamile, ukujikeleza kwe-analog kuzwela kakhulu kumsindo kunezimpawu zedijithali. Njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni esithi “Ukuvikela kuma-SSO” ekhasini 3, noma iyiphi isignali ebucayi ezungezwe ibhasi ye-SSO ithintwa umsindo obangelwa umsebenzi we-SSO.
Ngakho-ke, uma ukunikezwa kwamandla we-analog ye-ProASIC3/E PLL (okungukuthi, iphinikhodi ye-VCCPLX) izungezwe yi-SSO, umsindo obangelwa ama-SSOs ekunikezeni kwe-analog uzobangela ukwanda kwejita yokuphuma kwe-PLL.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Microsemi kubonisa ukuthi uma iphinikhodi yokunikezwa kwe-analog ye-PLL izungezwe ama-SSO amabili noma ngaphezulu, i-jitter ephumayo ye-PLL ehambisanayo izokwengezwa ngaphezu kokucaciswa kwe-jitter kudatha ye-ProASIC3/E.
Ngakho-ke, uma ama-PLL esetshenziswa kumadivayisi we-ProASIC3/E, ukunikezwa kwe-analog kwama-PLL asetshenzisiwe kufanele zivikelwe kunoma iyiphi i-SSO ngokugwema ukubekwa kwama-SSO okweqa imihlahlandlela enikezwe kuThebula 1 ekhasini 5.
Bheka Umfanekiso 6, Umfanekiso 7 ekhasini 10, kanye noMfanekiso 8 ekhasini 10 ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nebhange le-I/O elingumakhelwane ne-PLL.
Umfanekiso 6 • Izivumelwano Zokuqamba Zamadivayisi e-ProASIC3 Anamabhange Amabili E-I/O
Qaphela: Idivayisi ye-A3P030 ayisekeli i-PLL (amaphinikhodi e-VCOMPLF ne-VCCPLF).
Umfanekiso 7 • Izivumelwano Zokuqamba Zamadivayisi e-ProASIC3 Anamabhange Amane E-I/O
Umfanekiso 8 • Izivumelwano Zokuqamba Zomsebenzisi ze-I/O Yamadivayisi we-ProASIC3E
Isiphetho
Njengoba imiklamo yedijithali ikhula ngokushesha nangokukhula, ama-SSO kanye nemiphumela yawo iba yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlaziywa kobuqotho besignali yesistimu.
Leli nothi lohlelo lokusebenza lihlinzeka ngedatha echaza izici nokubikezela imiphumela ye-SSO kokufakwayo okubucayi kanye nemiphumela kuma-ProASIC3/E FPGA.
Imiphumela ye-SSO kufanele incishiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza komklamo; lolu hlelo lokusebenza lunikeza amasu athile okwenza lokho.
Amasu okunciphisa i-SSO kufanele aqhutshwe ngokuhambisana nomklamo wezinga le-chip kanye nelebhodi, njengoba edlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ngesistimu yedijithali ehlanzekile.
Ukuze uthole imihlahlandlela yokuklama yezinga lebhodi, bheka inothi lesicelo Lokucatshangelwa Kwezinga Lebhodi.
Ngenxa yemvelo ye-SSO, amaphakheji e-FG nawe-BG abekezelela imiphumela ye-SSO kunamaphakheji e-PQ noma e-TQ.
Ngakho-ke, ngemiklamo enesivinini esikhulu noma imiklamo enezinombolo eziningi ze-SSO, amaphakheji we-FG ne-BG anconywa kakhulu.
Amanothi ohlelo lokusebenza
Umsindo Wokushintsha Ngesikhathi esisodwa
http://www.microsemi.com/soc/documents/SSN_AN.pdf
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezinga Lebhodi
http://www.microsemi.com/soc/documents/ALL_AC276_AN.pdf
Uhlu Lwezinguquko
Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa izinguquko ezibalulekile ezenziwa ekubuyekezweni ngakunye kwesahluko.
I-Microsemi Corporation (NASDAQ: MSCC) inikeza iphothifoliyo ephelele yezixazululo ze-semiconductor: i-aerospace, ukuzivikela nokuphepha; ibhizinisi kanye nokuxhumana; kanye nezimakethe zamandla ezimboni nezinye.
Imikhiqizo ihlanganisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, i-analog enokwethenjelwa kakhulu kanye namadivayisi e-RF, isignali exubile namasekhethi ahlanganisiwe e-RF, ama-SoCs enziwe ngokwezifiso, ama-FPGA, namasistimu angaphansi aphelele. I-Microsemi ikomkhulu layo e-Aliso Viejo, Calif. Funda kabanzi ku-
www.microsemi.com.
USEKO LWEKHASIMENDE
Ikomkhulu le-Microsemi Corporate
I-One Enterprise, i-Aliso Viejo CA 92656 USA
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Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza
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I-Microsemi ProASIC3/E SSO kanye Nemihlahlandlela Yokubekwa Kwephini [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi I-ProASIC3 E SSO kanye Nemihlahlandlela Yokubekwa Kwephini, i-ProASIC3 E SSO, kanye Nezinkombandlela Zokubekwa Kwephini, Imihlahlandlela Yokubeka |
