I-Juniper NETWORKS NETCONF & YANG API Software User Guide

Inhloso Yalo Mqulu
Le mibhalo ichaza indlela yokuhlanganisa i-Paragon Active Assurance ne-orchestrator yesevisi yenethiwekhi nge-Control Center NETCONF & YANG API. I-exampOkulandelayo kunikezwa ngemisebenzi eyinhloko ehilelekile, okuhlanganisa: ukudala nokukhipha ama-ejenti okuhlola abonakalayo, ukwenza izivivinyo namamonitha, kanye nokubuyisa imiphumela kule misebenzi.
Kulo mbhalo, iklayenti leklayenti lePython NETCONF elitholakala mahhala lisetshenziswa endimeni ye-orchestrator.

Izivumelwano
Izifinyezo ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa kulo mbhalo:

Isifinyezo	Incazelo
I-CLI	I-Command Line Interface
EM	Umphathi Wezinto
ES	Iphutha Lesibili
I-MEP	I-MEG (I-Maintenance Entity Group) Iphoyinti Lokugcina (incazelo ye-ITU-T Y.1731) noma Iphoyinti Lokugcina Lokulungisa (incazelo ye-Cisco)
I-NFV	Ukusebenziseka kwenethiwekhi kwe-Network
I-NFVO	I-Network Function Virtualization Orchestrator
I-NSD	Isichazi Sesevisi Yenethiwekhi
I-RPC	Ucingo Lwenqubo Ekude
SIP	I-Session Initiation Protocol
I-SLA	Isivumelwano Sezinga Lesevisi
I-S-VNFM	Umphathi Okhethekile we-VNF
I-VNF	Umsebenzi Wenethiwekhi Obonakalayo
vTA	I-Virtual Test Agent

Amanothi Ngokuhambelana Emuva

Ezinguqulweni ezingu-2.35.4/2.36.0 ze-NETCONF ne-YANG API, ukuqinisekiswa kwezicelo ezithile kwenziwa kuqine kakhulu ukuze kunamathele izinga le-NETCONF. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhodi yeklayenti esekelwe ezinguqulweni ezindala zalo mhlahlandlela manje ingase yenqatshwe.
Okwesiboneloample, ku-Python yangaphambilini example khodi, asikho isibaluli sendawo yegama esinikeziwe. I-namespace manje idinga ukunikezwa ku-XML yesicelo noma nini lapho ufuna ukulungisa insiza ye-ConfD.

Okudingekayo kanye Namalungiselelo

Ukufakwa kwe-ConfD
I-ConfD (umkhiqizo ovela ku-Tail-f) isetshenziswa njengomxhumanisi phakathi kwe-Paragon Active Assurance system kanye ne-NETCONF. I-ConfD ixhuma ukucushwa kwe-Paragon Active Assurance kanye nedatha yokusebenza ku-NETCONF ne-YANG API.
I-ConfD bekufanele ifakwe kanye nesofthiwe Yesikhungo Sokulawula, njengoba kuchazwe Kumhlahlandlela Wokufaka.

Ukuqinisekisa Ukuthi I-ConfD Iyasebenza
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-ConfD iyasebenza futhi, sebenzisa umyalo
ssh -s @localhost -p 830 netconf
ukuhlola ukuthi i-ConfD iyaphendula ku-port 830. Emyalweni, kunjengoba kuchazwe ukwakhiwa komsebenzisi we-netconf
umyalo kumhlahlandlela wokufaka, esigabeni Ukufaka i-ConfD. Nikeza iphasiwedi echazwe ngomyalo ofanayo.
Kokukhiphayo, qinisekisa ukuthi imojuli Yesikhungo Sokulawula ifakiwe. Okukhiphayo kufanele kuqukathe umugqa ofana nalokhu okulandelayo:
http://ncc.netrounds.com?module=netrounds-ncc&ukubuyekezwa=2017-06-15

Ukuvumelanisa Isizindalwazi Sokucupha Nesikhungo Sokulawula

Ekugcineni, sidinga ukuvuselela isizindalwazi sokucushwa nge-NETCONF. Lokhu sizokwenza lapha sisebenzisa umtapo wolwazi wePython obizwa nge-ncclient (NETCONF Client). Nokho, umsebenzi ungase futhi ufezwe ngolimi oluhlukile lokuhlela inqobo nje uma kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi ye-NETCONF/YANG.
Indima ye-ncclient iwukusebenza njengeklayenti kuseva ye-ConfD esingethe i-NETCONF/YANG API.

Kuyafaneleka ukukhomba ukuthi i-ncclient ayihlobene nganoma iyiphi indlela neSikhungo Sokulawula (ngaphambilini "Isikhungo Sokulawula I-Netrounds"), nakuba igama liqala ngokuthi "ncc".
Nansi indlela yokufaka i-ncclient:

Landa isofthiwe kusuka https://github.com/ncclient/ncclient.
Qalisa lo myalo: pip install ncclient

Manje singenza ukuvumelanisa ngendlela elandelayo. Qaphela ngokucophelela ukuthi lokhu kudinga ukwenziwa kukhompuyutha ehlukile, hhayi kuseva ye-Control Center ngokwayo:

#
# QAPHELA:
# Lesi script sisebenza njengeklayenti elibheke ku-ConfD esebenza kuseva ye-NCC.
# Izosebenzisa i-NETCONF/YANG API ukuxhumana.

QAPHELA: Le nqubo iyadingeka futhi noma nini lapho ama-test Agents efakiwe futhi ebhaliswa ngaphandle kwe-NETCONF. Bheka inothi engxenyeni ethi “Overview Ye-Okhestration Ye-ejenti Yokuhlola” ekhasini 17 ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Ukusetha Ama-Akhawunti Angeziwe Esiqinisekiso Esisebenzayo se-NETCONF alawulwa yi-NETCONF

Izinyathelo ezingezansi zidingeka kuphela uma ufisa ukusetha amanye ama-akhawunti e-Paragon Active Assurance azolawulwa yi-NETCONF, ngaphezu kwe-akhawunti emiswe ngale ndlela Kumhlahlandlela Wokufaka, isigaba "Ukufaka i-ConfD".
Ku-akhawunti ngayinye enjalo, qhubeka kanje:

Ku-Control Center, ngena ku-akhawunti bese uzulazulela ku-Akhawunti > Izimvume.
Engeza umsebenzisi "confd@netrounds.com“, futhi unikeze lo msebenzisi we-ConfD imvume yokulawula ku-GUI ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi Mema.
Vumelanisa isizindalwazi sokucushwa neSikhungo Sokulawula njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni “Ukuvumelanisa Isizindalwazi Sokucushwa Nesikhungo Sokulawula” ekhasini lesi-4.
Manje kufanele ukwazi ukulawula ama-akhawunti amaningi e-Paragon Active Assurance anomsebenzisi ofanayo we-ConfD.

QAPHELA: Uma usuqale ukulawula i-akhawunti ye-Paragon Active Assurance nge-ConfD, AKUMELE wenze izinguquko kule akhawunti ngokusebenzisa web I-GUI ngokuphathelene nanoma yiziphi izici ze-Paragon Active Assurance ezithi “config” (bona isahluko esithi “Izici Ezisekelwe Ku-Paragon Active Assurance” ekhasini 9). Uma wenza kanjalo, kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kokuvumelanisa.

Isingeniso se-NETCONF Orchestration API

Kuphelileview

I-NFVO yenkampani yangaphandle noma i-orchestrator yesevisi ngokuvamile iyingxenye eqala izikhathi zokuhlola nokuqapha isebenzisa i-Control Center API. Le orchestrator iphinda ibuyise imiphumela yokulinganisa ehlanganisiwe kusukela kumisebenzi yomenzeli wokuhlola. Ama-KPIs okusebenza angase alandwe Amasistimu Okulawula Ukusebenza Komuntu wesithathu, kuyilapho imicimbi - uma icushwe ukwephulwa kwemingcele okusethwe Esikhungweni Sokulawula - ingathunyelwa kumasistimu okulawula amaphutha enkampani yangaphandle.
Ukufingqa, isibalo esingezansi sibonisa ukuthi i-Paragon Active Assurance isebenzisana kanjani namanye amasistimu ezinkampani zangaphandle endaweni ye-OSS.

I-NFVO/I-Orchestrator Yesevisi: Iyala Umphathi we-VNF ukuthi akhiphe ama-vTA futhi alungise I-Paragon Active Assurance ochungechungeni lwesevisi. Uma isevisi isicushiwe, i-orchestrator isebenzisa i-API ebhekise ku-Control Center ukuze icuphe ukuhlolwa kokwenza kusebenze isevisi futhi ithole imiphumela yokudlula/yokwehluleka. Uma ukuhlola kuphasisiwe, i-orchestrator izosebenzisa i-API maqondana Nesikhungo Sokulawula ukuze iqale ukuqapha okusebenzayo kwesevisi. Ama-KPI asuka ekuqashweni alandwa ngokuqhubekayo noma yi-orchestrator noma inkundla ehlukile Yokuphathwa Kokusebenza.
Isikhungo Sokulawula: Isebenzisa, ikala, futhi inqamule i-vTA njengoba kuyalelwe i-NFVO noma i-orchestrator yesevisi.
Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kokusebenza noma uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwekhwalithi Yesevisi: Ifunda ama-KPI ngokuqapha okusebenzayo nge-API Yesikhungo Sokulawula.
Isistimu Yokulawula Amaphutha: Ithola i-NETCONF, i-SNMP, noma izaziso ze-imeyili ezivela ku-Control Center uma ama-SLA ephulwa.

Izincazelo Zemiqondo Ku-Paragon Active Assurance

Ama-ejenti Okuhlola: Izingxenye ezenza izilinganiso (zokuhlola kanye neziqaphi) kusistimu Yokuqinisekisa I-Paragon Active. Ama-test Agents ahlanganisa isofthiwe enekhono lokukhiqiza, ukwamukela, nokuhlaziya ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi yangempela.
Uhlobo Lomenzeli Wokuhlola okuxoxwe ngawo kulo mbhalo i-Virtual Test Agent (vTA), i-virtual network function (VNF) efakwe ku-hypervisor. Ezinye izinhlobo zoMsebenzeli Wokuhlola nazo zikhona.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokulinganisa ku-Paragon Active Assurance, izivivinyo namamonitha.
Ukuhlola: Uhlolo luqukethe isinyathelo esisodwa noma ezimbalwa, ngasinye esinobude besikhathi obucacisiwe, obunomkhawulo. Izinyathelo zenziwa ngokulandelana. Isinyathelo ngasinye singase sihlanganise ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Iqapha: Imonitha ayinaso ubude besikhathi obushiwo kodwa sisebenzisa unomphela. Njengesinyathelo esivivinyweni, imonitha ingase yenze imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Isifanekiso: Uma I-Paragon Active Assurance ilawulwa i-orchestrator, izivivinyo namamonitha ahlala esetshenziswa ngezifanekiso lapho ukuhlola noma imonitha ichazwa khona. Izilungiselelo zepharamitha zingadluliswa njengokufakwayo kusifanekiso ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Ukuhamba komsebenzi kwe-Automation
Isikhathi Sokuklama

Ngesikhathi sokuklama, ulungiselela izilinganiso ngokudala izifanekiso zokuhlola namamonitha ku-Paragon Active Assurance. Indlela yokwenza lokho ihlanganiswe esahlukweni esithi “Hlola Futhi Ugade Izifanekiso” ekhasini 15.

Isikhathi sokusebenza
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, usetha amadivayisi akho futhi wenze izilinganiso zangempela.

Kuphelileview kukho konke exampokuncane okunikezwayo kutholakala esahlukweni esithi “Eksampizifundo Zokulawula Isiqinisekiso Esisebenzayo SeParagon nge-NETCONF & YANG API” ekhasini 15.
Indlela yokukhipha nokulungiselela ama-ejenti okuhlola kudlule kuwo esahlukweni esithi “Eksampkancane: Abenzeli Bokuhlola” ekhasini 16.
Uzingenisa kanjani izinto ze-inventory njenge-TWAMP izibonisi kanye neziteshi ze-IPTV zidlulile esahlukweni esithi “Exampimis: Izinto Zokusungula” ekhasini 29.
Indlela yokumisa ama-alamu ichazwe esahlukweni esithi “EksampLes: Ama-alamu” ekhasini 35.
Uziqhuba kanjani izivivinyo nabaqaphi ngokwenza izifanekiso ze-Paragon Active Assurance nge-NETCONF kuchazwe ezahlukweni “Ex.ampkancane: Izivivinyo” ekhasini 43 kanye nesithi “Eksampkancane: Abaqaphi” ekhasini 54.

Izici ezisekelwe ku-Paragon Active Assurance

Zonke izinhlobo zokuhlola nokuqapha ku-Paragon Active Assurance zingadalwa futhi zisetshenziswe ngokusebenzisa izifanekiso. Ukwenza kanjani lokhu kufakwe osizweni lwangaphakathi nohlelo ngaphansi kokuthi “Izivivinyo namamonitha” > “Ukudala izifanekiso”.

Ukudalwa kwama-akhawunti e-Paragon Active Assurance akusekelwa okwamanje; kodwa, i-akhawunti eyodwa noma ambalwa achazwe ngaphambilini azobe esethelwe umsebenzisi.
Amathebula angezansi anemininingwane yokuthi yiziphi izici ku-Paragon Active Assurance ezitholakala kulokhu kukhululwa, nokuthi lezi zici zimelwe kanjani ku-YANG.

Incazelo ye-YANG Constructs

Ukuze kube lula, izincazelo zinikezwa lapha zezakhiwo ze-YANG okukhulunywe ngazo kuthebula lesici.

Lungiselela (config=true): Idatha yokumisa, edingekayo ukuze kuguqulwe isistimu isuke kwesinye isimo iye kwesinye.
Isimo (config=false): Idatha yezwe: idatha eyengeziwe kusistimu okungeyona idatha yokumisa, njengemininingwane yesimo sokufunda kuphela kanye nezibalo eziqoqiwe.
I-RPC: Ucingo Lwenqubo Ekude, njengoba lusetshenziswe ngaphakathi kwephrothokholi ye-NETCONF.
Isaziso: Izaziso zomcimbi zithunyelwa zisuka kuseva ye-NETCONF ziye kuklayenti le-NETCONF.

Amathebula Ezici Zokuqinisekisa Ezisebenzayo Ze-Paragon Atholakalela I-Orchestration
Insiza: Ukuqapha
Indlela ye-YANG:/ama-akhawunti/i-akhawunti/abaqaphi

Isici	Isici esingaphansi	Yang ukwakha
Dala/guqula/susa imonitha	Ngokusekelwe kusifanekiso sokuqapha	Lungiselela
Qala/misa ukuqapha	-	Lungiselela
Gada izifanekiso	Faka kuhlu izifanekiso ezikhona zokuqapha ezinokufakwayo	Izwe
Izaziso ze-NETCONF	Isimo se-alamu sishintshile	Isaziso
Gada imiphumela	Ikhawunta ye-SLA/ES yezinga eliphezulu (%) Ikhawunta ye-SLA/ES yeleveli yomsebenzi (%)	Izwe

Ngokungafani nokuhlola (qhathanisa Insiza: Ukuhlola ngezansi), abaqaphi abaqalwa nge-RPC kodwa ngokwenza ukucushwa kokuqapha.
Insiza: Izivivinyo
Indlela ye-YANG: /accounts/account/tests

Isici	Isici esingaphansi	Yang ukwakha
Qala ukuhlola	Ngokusekelwe kusifanekiso sokuhlola	I-RPC
Phatha izivivinyo	Faka ohlwini izivivinyo ezinesimo	Izwe
Hlola izifanekiso	Faka kuhlu izifanekiso ezikhona zokuhlola nokokufaka	Izwe
Izaziso ze-NETCONF	Isimo sokuhlola sishintshile	Isaziso
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa	Thola isimo sesinyathelo sokuhlola (ukudlula, ukuhluleka, iphutha, ...)	Izwe

Insiza: Ama-ejenti okuhlola
Izindlela ze-YANG:

/ama-akhawunti/i-akhawunti/ama-ejenti okuhlola (Config)
/ama-akhawunti/i-akhawunti/ama-ejenti-okuhlola abhalisiwe (Isifunda)

Ama-ejenti okuhlola ngaphansi /ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/ama-ejenti wokuhlola yiwo alungiswa ku-akhawunti. Lawa ma-ejenti okuhlola kuphela angalungiselelwa futhi asetshenziswe ekuhlolweni nasekuqapheni nge-NETCONF yi-orchestrator.
Ngemva kokuba usulungise I-ejenti Yokuhlola futhi isibhalise ku-akhawunti, Umenzeli Wokuhlola uzovela ngaphansi kokuthi/ama-akhawunti/i-akhawunti/i-registered-test-agents. Ungathola wonke ama-ejenti okuhlola abhalisiwe usebenzisa umyalo othi “thola” ku-NETCONF (qhathanisa nesahluko Eksampokuncane: Ama-ejenti okuhlola).
Ngaphansi kokuthi/ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/ama-ejenti abhalisiwe ungathola ama-ejenti okuhlola angakalungiselelwa. Noma yimaphi ama-ejenti okuhlola anjalo kufanele alungiselelwe ngaphambi kokuthi asetshenziswe.
Esimeni se-orchestration, ngokuvamile kuyanconywa ukuthi wenze konke ukulungiselelwa kwe-akhawunti yakho ye-Paragon Active Assurance nge-NETCONF. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-ejenti okuhlola kanye nama-ejenti okuhlola abhalisiwe awahlukani.

Isici	Isici esingaphansi	Yang ukwakha
Dala kusengaphambili umenzeli wokuhlola kuseva	-	Lungiselela
Lungiselela umenzeli wokuhlola ongaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi	(Isikhungo sokulawula siphusha ukulungiselelwa kumenzeli wokuhlola uma ingena ku-inthanethi)	Lungiselela
Sebenzisa ama-ejenti okuhlola akhona/alungiselelwe ngaphandle	Sebenzisa ekuhloleni/kuqapheni	Lungiselela
	Lungiselela ukuxhumana	Lungiselela
	Thola isimo	Izwe
Lungiselela Umenzeli Wokuhlola (Isisetshenziswa Sokuhlola kuphela)	Lungiselela i-NTP	Lungiselela
	Lungiselela amabhuloho	Lungiselela
	Lungiselela ukuxhumana kwe-VLAN	Lungiselela
	Lungiselela okhiye be-SSH	Lungiselela
	IPv6	Lungiselela
Izinsiza	Qalisa kabusha	I-RPC
	Buyekeza	I-RPC
Izaziso ze-NETCONF	Isimo se-inthanethi sishintshile	Isaziso
Isimo	Thola isimo sesistimu (isikhathi sokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kwememori, isilinganiso sokulayisha, inguqulo)	Izwe

Insiza: Inventory
Indlela ye-YANG: /accounts/account/twamp-izibonisi

Amakhono e-NETCONF asekelwe

Ithebula elingezansi likhomba kuma-IETF RFCs achaza amakhono e-NETCONF asetshenziselwa injongo ye-orchestration ye-Paragon Active Assurance.

ietf-netconf.yang
I-IETF RFC 6241, I-Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF), https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6241
Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphatha iphutha esekelwayo eyokubuyisela emuva-ngephutha.
Okuwukuphela kwesitolo sedatha esisekelwayo siyasebenza.
ietf-netconf-notifications.yang
IETF RFC 5277, Izaziso Zomcimbi zeNETCONF, https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5277

Hlola futhi Gada Izifanekiso
Izifanekiso zezinhlobo zokuhlola nezokuqapha zidinga ukusethwa mathupha kusetshenziswa isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi esisekupheleni kwe-Paragon Active Assurance. Ukwenza kanjani lokhu kufakwe osizweni lwangaphakathi nohlelo ngaphansi kokuthi “Izivivinyo namamonitha” > “Ukudala izifanekiso”.

ExampIzihloko Zokulawula Isiqinisekiso Esisebenzayo SeParagon nge-NETCONF & YANG API

Ezahlukweni ezilandelayo, kucatshangwa ukuthi izifanekiso ezifanele zokuhlola nokuqapha ziye zachazwa ngokuvumelana nemiyalelo enikezwe esahlukweni esithi “Izifanekiso Zokuhlola Nokuqapha” ekhasini 15.

Amathuluzi Asetshenziswa ku-ExampLes
Konke exampLes ezahlukweni ezilandelayo zakhiwe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi alandelayo atholakala mahhala:

I-Pang: Isetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokuphequlula amamodeli e-YANG.
Itholakala ngo https://github.com/mbj4668/pyang (clone kusuka ku-git bese usebenzisa i-python setup.py ukufaka).
Iklayenti lePython NETCONF “iklayenti”: Isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana neSikhungo Sokulawula kusetshenziswa i-NETCONF.
Itholakala ku-https://github.com/ncclient/ncclient (sebenzisa i-pip install ncclient).
Imodeli yedatha ye-netrounds-ncc.yang itholakala ku-/opt/netrounds-confd uma i-ConfD isifakiwe ngokomhlahlandlela wokufaka).

Kuphelileview Yemisebenzi Ebalulekile Eyenziwa

(Eminye imisebenzi eyengeziwe nayo iboniswa kulokhu okulandelayo.)

“Ukudala nokusebenzisa i-ejenti entsha yokuhlola” ekhasini le-16
“Ukwenza izinto ze-inventory (isb. izibonisi)” ekhasini 29
“Ukusetha izifanekiso ze-alamu nokuthi zithunyelwa kuphi ama-alamu” ekhasini 35
“Ukudala nokwenza ukuhlolwa” ekhasini 45
“Ukubuyisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa” ekhasini 50
“Ukuqalisa imonitha (kuhlanganisa nokusetha ama-alamu)” ekhasini 60
“Ukubuyisa isimo se-SLA sokuqapha” ekhasini 67
“Ukusebenza naye tags” ekhasini 71

Exampokuncane: Ama-ejenti okuhlola

Kuphelileview Ye-Okhestration Ye-ejenti Yokuhlola
Ama-ejenti Okuhlola Ku-Paragon Active Assurance abhekwa “njengokulungiselela” kumongo we-orchestration. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukudalwa, ukulawula, kanye nokususwa Kwabenzeli Bokuhlola kufanele kwenziwe nge-orchestrator ne-NETCONF kunokusebenzisa i-Paragon Active Assurance GUI.
KUBALULEKILE: Uma Umenzeli Wokuhlola efakwe uchwepheshe futhi abhaliswe ku-Control Center ngaphandle kokudalwa kuqala nge-NETCONF & YANG API, Umenzeli Wokuhlola ngeke abe khona kusizindalwazi sokucushwa, futhi isistimu izophuma ekuvumelaniseni. Ukuze i-ConfD yazi Ngomenzeli Wokuhlola kulesi simo, kuyodingeka wenze ukuvumelanisa okusha Nesikhungo Sokulawula, njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni “Ukuvumelanisa Idathabhesi Yokucushwa Nesikhungo Sokulawula” ekhasini lesi-4.

I-Orchestration of Virtual Test Agents (vTAs) kufanele-ke yenziwe ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Dala i-Virtual Test Agent, okuhlanganisa nokucushwa kwayo, usebenzisa i-NETCONF ne-YANG interface ku-Control Center. Igama Lomenzeli Wokuhlola kuzoba ukhiye walo oyingqayizivele.
Hambisa i-vTA endaweni ye-virtualization. Landela imiyalelo kusizo lwe-inthanethi ngaphansi kokuthi Abenzeli Bokuhlola > Ukufaka. Ukulungiselelwa kokusebenzelana okuyisisekelo okuvumela i-vTA ukuthi ixhume ku-Control Center, kanye nemininingwane yokuqinisekisa, inikezwa ku-vTA kusetshenziswa idatha yomsebenzisi we-cloud-init.
Uma i-vTA isiqalile, izoxhumeka ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Control Center isebenzisa uxhumano olubethelwe lwe-OpenVPN. Isaziso se-NETCONF sithunyelwa njengoba inani lepharamitha ye-test-agent-statuschange ye-vTA manje selishintshele kokuthi “ku-inthanethi”.
QAPHELA: Njengoba igama le-vTA liyisihlonzi sayo Esikhungweni Sokulawula, leli gama kufanele lifane nalelo elichazwe ku-Control Center “kusinyathelo 1” ekhasini 17.
Uma i-vTA isixhumekile futhi yagunyazwa ku-Control Center, ukucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo kuphushelwa ku-vTA. Lokhu ukucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo esihlinzekwe “kusinyathelo 1” ekhasini 17 lapho i-vTA idalwa ku-Control Center.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-vTA isifeze injongo yayo, susa i-vTA.

Ukudala Nokuphakela Umenzeli Omusha Wokuhlola

Okokuqala sidinga ukudala umenzeli wokuhlola sisebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-NETCONF ne-YANG ku-Control Center. Uma I-ejenti Yokuhlola idalwe ngale ndlela, akukho ukuvumelanisa ne-Control Center okudingekayo.
Imodeli ye-YANG Yomenzeli Wokuhlola iboniswe ngezansi. Itholakala njengokuphuma komyalo
pyang -f tree netrounds-ncc.yang
Imodeli egcwele ye-YANG inikezwe "Isithasiselo: Ukwakheka Kwesihlahla Semodeli Egcwele Ye-YANG" ekhasini 81, eliqukethe inganekwane echaza izivumelwano ezisetshenziswe kule mifanekiso yemodeli ye-YANG embhalweni wamanje.

Siqhubeka ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo, ezichazwe ngokulandelayo:

Ekuqaleni, “idemo” ye-akhawunti ye-Paragon Active Assurance ayinabo Abasebenzeli Bokuhlola ohlwini lwayo.
Umenzeli Wokuhlola obizwa ngokuthi “vta1” udalwa kusetshenziswa i-ncclient. Kulokhu stage, akekho Umenzeli Wokuhlola wangempela okhona okwamanje (okungukuthi, awukakaqaliswa).
Umenzeli Wokuhlola usetshenziswa ku-OpenStack. (Ukuthunyelwa kuleyo nkundla kukhethwa lapha njengento eyodwa phakathi kokunye.)
Umenzeli Wokuhlola uxhuma “kwidemo” Yesikhungo Sokulawula futhi manje isilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Isinyathelo 1: Ekuqaleni, abekho Abenzeli Bokuhlola “kwidemo” ye-akhawunti. Bona isithombe-skrini esingezansi kusukela ku-Control Center GUI.Isinyathelo sesi-2: I-ejenti Yokuhlola iyadalwa Esikhungweni Sokulawula kusetshenziswa iklayenti le-Python NETCONF “cclient”. Ngezansi ikhodi ye-ncclient yokudala Umenzeli Wokuhlola onesixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa esinekheli le-DHCP:

ngenisa i-argparse
kusuka kumphathi wokungenisa we-ncclient
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(incazelo='Hlola udala umenzeli wokuhlola')
parser.add_argument('–host', help='Igama lokusingatha lapho i-ConfD itholakala khona', required=Iqiniso)
parser.add_argument('–port', help='Imbobo yokuxhuma ku-ConfD', iyadingeka=Iqiniso)
parser.add_argument('–username', help='Igama lomsebenzisi okumele lixhumeke ku-ConfD', liyadingeka=Iqiniso)
parser.add_argument('–password', help='Iphasiwedi ku-akhawunti ye-ConfD', required=Iqiniso)
parser.add_argument('–netrounds-account', help='Igama elifushane le-akhawunti ye-NCC', liyadingeka=Iqiniso)
parser.add_argument('-test-ejenti-igama', usizo='Igama Lomenzeli Wokuhlola', liyadingeka=Iqiniso)
args = parser.parse_args()
with manager.connect(host=args.host, port=args.port, username=args.igama lomsebenzisi,
password=args.password, hostkey_verify=Amanga) njenge-m:
# Dala i-ejenti yokuhlola esikhungweni sokulawula
xml = """

)phrinta m.edit_config(target='running', config=xml)

QAPHELA: Ikhodi eyandulele ethi manager.connect(…) ayifakiwe ku-ex elandelayoample khodi amazwibela.
Iseva ye-NTP ilungiselelwe ku-eth0, futhi i-eth0 futhi iyisixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha (okungukuthi, isixhumi esibonakalayo esixhuma ku-Control Center).
Isicelo somenzeli wokuhlola okwamanje asikuvumeli ukulungisa izixhumi ezibonakalayo. Ngalesi sizathu, kusukela kunguqulo 2.34.0 kuya phambili, kungenzeka ukweqiwa ukucushwa kwe-interface ku-schema ye-YANG. Ngakho-ke i-XML ehambisanayo yenziwe lula kakhulu kuleli cala:Uma isisebenzeli sokuhlola sesidaliwe, sitholakala kusizindalwazi sokucushwa kanye nasesikhungweni sokulawula. Bona isithombe-skrini esingezansi sohlu lwempahla yomenzeli wokuhlola, esibonisa umenzeli wokuhlola “vta1”:

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuphakela Umenzeli Wokuhlola “vta1” ku-OpenStack.
Umenzeli Wokuhlola uzosebenzisa idatha yomsebenzisi we-cloud-init ukuze abuyise ulwazi lokuthi ungaxhuma kanjani ku-Control Center. Ngokukhethekile, umbhalo wedatha yomsebenzisi file inokuqukethwe okulandelayo (Qaphela ukuthi imigqa ye-#cloud-config kanye ne-netrounds_test_ejenti kufanele ibe khona, nokuthi imigqa esele kufanele ihlehliswe):

Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, sicela ubheke idokhumenti Indlela Yokusebenzisa Ama-ejenti Okuhlola Okubonakalayo ku-OpenStack.
Uma Umenzeli Wokuhlola esekhishiwe futhi esexhumeke Esikhungweni Sokulawula, ukulungiselelwa kuzophushwa ukusuka Esikhungweni Sokulawula kuya Kumenzeli Wokuhlola.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Umenzeli Wokuhlola manje uku-inthanethi Esikhungweni Sokulawula futhi usethole ukucushwa kwawo. Umenzeli Wokuhlola usulungele ukusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni nasekuqashweni. Bona lezi zigaba:

“Ukuqala Isivivinyo” ekhasini 45
“Ukuqala I-Monitor” ekhasini 60

Ukufaka ohlwini ama-ejenti okuhlola ku-akhawunti yakho ye-Paragon Active Assurance
Ngezansi i-example khodi ye-Python ye-ncclient yokufaka ohlwini lwabaSebenzi bokuhlola ku-akhawunti ye-Paragon Active Assurance:

Ukusebenzisa le khodi kunikeza okukhiphayo njengalokhu okungezansi:

Isusa Umenzeli Wokuhlola
Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, kungase kusebenze kwezinye izimo ukususa Umenzeli Wokuhlola.
Ngezansi amazwibela ekhodi abonisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu nge-ncclient:

Izaziso ze-NETCONF
Ngezansi, sethula i-ex elulaample script sokulalela zonke izaziso ezingenayo ze-NETCONF ezivela ku-Control Center. Lezi zaziso zithunyelwa noma nini lapho imicimbi ethile yenzeka, Njengomenzeli Wokuhlola ukuphuma engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi noma ukuhlolwa okuqaliswe umsebenzisi kuqedwa. Ngokusekelwe olwazini oluphethwe kuzaziso, abasebenzisi banganikeza izenzo zokulandelela ezizenzakalelayo ku-orchestrator.

Lapho umbhalo ongenhla wenziwe, iklayenti le-NC lizokwethula isaziso esitholiwe nge-XML ehlelekile. Bona i-example okukhiphayo ngezansi, okubonisa Umenzeli Wokuhlola engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ngokungalindelekile.

2017-02-03T15:09:55.939156+00:00</eventTime>
<test-agent-status-change xmlns=’http://ncc.netrounds.com'>
idemo
HW1
okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi

Examples: Inventory Izinto

Ukudala (ukungenisa) nokuphatha izinto zokusungula ezifana ne-TWAMP izibonisi kanye nama-Y.1731 MEPs kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo neye-test Agents. Ngezansi kunekhodi ye-XML ne-NETCONF yokuchaza amabhizinisi anjalo ku-Paragon Active Assurance nge-NETCONF & YANG API kanye nokubuyisa uhlu lwezinto ezichaziwe.

Ukudala i-TWAMP Isibonisi

Ukudala i-Y.1731 MEP

Ukudala Isiteshi se-IPTV

Ukudala Umsingathi we-Ping

Ukudala i-Akhawunti ye-SIP

Ibuyisa Izinto Zokusungula
Ngezansi ikhodi ye-Python yokuthola zonke izinto zokusungula ezichazwe ku-akhawunti. (Zonke izinhlobo zezinto ze-inventory zilandwa ngesikhathi esisodwa lapha ukuze kugwenywe ukuphindaphinda okuthile kudokhumenti. Ngokwemvelo, noma iyiphi isethi engaphansi yezinto ze-inventory ingalandwa ngokushiya ngaphandle eminye yemigqa ngaphansi kwe-akhawunti engezansi.)

Ukusebenzisa le khodi kunikeza okukhiphayo njengalokhu okungezansi:

ExampLes: Ama-alamu

Izifanekiso ze-alamu nezinto ezihlotshaniswa nazo (abaphathi be-SNMP, uhlu lwama-imeyili e-alamu) ziyadalwa futhi ziphathwe ngendlela efanayo nezinto zokusungula. Lesi sahluko siqukethe ikhodi ye-XML ne-NETCONF yokuchaza amabhizinisi anjalo ku-Paragon Active Assurance nge-NETCONF & YANG API kanye nokubuyisa uhlu lwezinto ezichaziwe.
Uhlu Lwe-imeyili Ye-alamu
Ukudala Uhlu Lwe-imeyili Ye-alamu

Ilanda Lonke Uhlu Lwe-imeyili Ye-alamu

Abaphathi be-SNMP
Ukudala Umphathi we-SNMP

Ibuyisa Bonke Abaphathi be-SNMP

Izifanekiso ze-alamu
Ukudala Isifanekiso Se-alamu

Ithola Zonke Izifanekiso ze-alamu

Exampokuncane: Okhiye be-SSH

Ungakwazi ukwengeza okhiye basesidlangalaleni be-SSH Kumenzeli Wokuhlola usebenzisa i-NETCONF ne-YANG API. Ngokusebenzisa ukhiye oyimfihlo ohambelanayo ungangena ngemvume kokuthi Umenzeli Wokuhlola nge-SSH.
Uhlu oluphelele lwemisebenzi etholakalayo kokhiye be-SSH lumi kanje:

Engeza ukhiye we-SSH
Shintsha ukhiye we-SSH
Hlola ukhiye we-SSH
Faka ohlwini okhiye be-SSH
Susa ukhiye we-SSH.
Ngezansi, imisebenzi yokwengeza nokususa iboniswa.

Yengeza ukhiye we-SSH

Nansi indlela yokudala ukhiye omusha we-SSH.

I-Juniper NETWORKS NETCONF & YANG API Software - Key

Isusa Ukhiye we-SSH
Uma ufuna ukususa ukhiye we-SSH, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

Exampokuncane: Izivivinyo

Lapha kucatshangelwa ukuthi ama-ejenti okuhlola (amaningi njengoba adingeka ekuhlolweni) adalwe ngokwesigaba “Ukudala Nokuthumela Umenzeli Omusha Wokuhlola” ekhasini le-17.
I-YANG Model Izindlela Zokuhlolwa

Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/i-akhawunti/izivivinyo…
izivivinyo	/.
test[id]	/ukuhlola
id	/test/id
igama	/test/igama
isimo	/ukuhlola/isimo
isikhathi sokuqala	/test/isikhathi sokuqala
isikhathi sokuphela	/test/isikhathi sokuphela
bika-url	/hlola/bika-url
izinyathelo	/test/steps
isinyathelo[id]	/test/steps/step
igama	/test/steps/step/name
id	/test/steps/step/id
isikhathi sokuqala	/test/steps/step/start-time
isikhathi sokuphela	/test/steps/step/end-time
isimo	/test/steps/step/status
isimo-umlayezo	/test/steps/step/status-message
izifanekiso	/izifanekiso
isifanekiso[igama]	/izifanekiso/isifanekiso
igama	/templates/template/name
incazelo	/templates/template/description
imingcele	/templates/template/parameters
ipharamitha[ukhiye]	/templates/template/parameters/parameter
ukhiye	/templates/template/parameters/parameter/key
uhlobo	/templates/template/parameters/parameter/type

Izimfuneko ze-Okhestration Yokuhlola

Ukuze uqale ukuhlola nge-NETCONF usebenzisa iklayenti le-NC, kudingeka ukuthi uqale wakhe isifanekiso sokuhlola usebenzisa i-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula njengoba kuchazwe kusizo lwangaphakathi nohlelo ngaphansi kokuthi “Ukuhlola namamoni” > “Ukudala izifanekiso”. Zonke izinkambu ezicaciswe kuleso sifanekiso njengokuthi “Okufakwayo kwesifanekiso” zizodingeka njengamapharamitha ku-XML lapho kuhlelwa ukuqaliswa kwesifanekiso sokuhlola.
Ukuqalisa ukuhlolwa ku-Paragon Active Assurance kuthathwa “njengesimo” kumongo we-orchestration. Idatha yezwe iyidatha engabhaleki engagciniwe kusizindalwazi sokucushwa, ngokuphambene nedatha yokumisa eshiwo esigabeni “Ngaphezu kwalokho.view Ye-Okhestration Yomenzeli Wokuhlola” ekhasini 17. Lokhu kusho ngokuyisisekelo ukuthi izinguquko ezivivinyweni noma ezifanekisweni ku-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula ngeke zibangele noma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene nokuvumelanisa phakathi kweSikhungo Sokulawula kanye nesizindalwazi sokumisa.
Ukuze uthole umbiko-URL khona kanye emibikweni yokuhlola, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi Isikhungo Sokulawula URL imiswe kahle. Lokhu kwenziwa emgwaqeni file /opt/netrounds-confd/settings.py. Ngokuzenzakalelayo igama lesikhungo Sokulawula litholwa kusetshenziswa i-socket.gethostname(): bona ngezansi. Uma lokhu kungakhiqizi umphumela olungile, udinga ukusetha igama lomsingathi (noma lonke URL) ngokwenza lokhu file.

# URL Yesikhungo Sokulawula ngaphandle kokulandela umkhondo.
#Lokhu okwe-exampisetshenziswe embikweni wokuhlola-url.
HOSTNAME = socket.gethostname()
NETROUNDS_URL = 'https://%s' % HOSTNAME
Ukuqala Isivivinyo
Njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni “Ukudala Nokuthumela Umenzeli Omusha Wokuhlola” ekhasini 17, sebenzisa umyalo pang -f tree netrounds-ncc.yang
kusuka kumkhombandlela /opt/netrounds-confd/ ukuze ukhiphe imodeli ye-YANG. Kule modeli, i-RPC yokuqala isivivinyo isebenzisa iklayenti le-NC ibukeka kanje:

Ukuze uthole izincazelo, bheka isigaba “Inganekwane” ekhasini 81 kuSithasiselo.

Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziboniswa ngezansi:

Abenzeli bokuhlola babhaliswe ku-akhawunti ye-Paragon Active Assurance, kodwa akukho ukuhlola osekuqalisiwe.
Amapharamitha wokufaka adingekayo akhonjwa kusifanekiso sokuhlola esizosebenza.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-HTTP kwamasekhondi angu-60 kuqalwa kusetshenziswa i-ncclient.

Isinyathelo 1: Ekuqaleni, akukho ukuhlola okuqalisiwe ku-akhawunti ye-Paragon Active Assurance. Bona isithombe-skrini esingezansi kusuka ku-Control Center GUI.
Isinyathelo 2: Isifanekiso esizosisebenzisa ukuqalisa isivivinyo kulesi siboneloampI-le iyisifanekiso sokuhlola se-HTTP. Inezinkambu zokufaka ezimbili eziphoqelekile ( Amaklayenti kanye URL) esiyicacisile kanjalo lapho sakha isifanekiso ku-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula.

Sizochaza le mingcele (phakathi kokunye) ekucushweni kwe-XML okuxhunywe kuyo kusizindalwazi sokucushwa ngumphathi wethu we-NETCONF (ncclient).
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukuhlolwa kwe-HTTP kuqalwa kusetshenziswa i-ncclient.
Ngezansi i-example khodi lapho ulwazi lokucushwa oludingekayo namapharamitha kucaciswe khona isifanekiso sokuhlola se-HTTP. Kuya ngokuthi isifanekiso sakhiwe kanjani, imininingwane lapha ingahluka.
Ngepharamitha ngayinye, i isibaluli sidinga ukunikezwa. Ukhiye uyafana nowepharamitha
Igama eliguquguqukayo ku-Control Center. Ungahlola amagama aguquguqukayo kanje:

Chofoza Izivivinyo kubha eseceleni bese ukhetha Ukulandelana Okusha Kokuhlola.
Chofoza Izifanekiso Zami.
Chofoza isixhumanisi sokuhlela ngezansi kwesifanekiso sentshisekelo yakho.
Chofoza inkinobho yokufaka ethi Hlela ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla.

Ku-ex yethuample, futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo, amagama aguquguqukayo ayizinguqulo zofeleba abancane zamagama aboniswa ku-Control Center (“url” vs.URL”, njll.). Nokho, ku-Control Center GUI, ungaqamba kabusha okuguquguqukayo kunoma yini oyithandayo.
Ngaphandle kokhiye, ipharamitha ngayinye idinga ukucaciswa uhlobo lwayo: ngokwesiboneloample, Okwe URL.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi udinga kabushaview imodeli ephelele ye-YANG ukuze uthole ulwazi olugcwele ngezinhlobo. Ekuxhumaneni komenzeli wokuhlola uhlobo lunesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba kufakazelwa ngaphansi kukhodi engezansi.

Manje singasebenzisa iskripthi sisebenzisa i-ncclient. Uma sicabanga ukuthi konke kulungile, ukuhlolwa kuzoqalwa futhi ukubulawa kwakho kuboniswe ku-Control Center:Uma ukuhlolwa kuqalwe ngempumelelo, Isikhungo Sokulawula sizophendula nge-ID yokuhlola. Kulesi exampNokho, i-ID yokuhlola ithi 3:I-ID yokuhlola ingatholakala ku- URL ngokuhlolwa ku-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula. Kulesi example, lokho URL i-https://host/demo/testing/3/.
Ibuyisa Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa
Indlela eqonde kakhulu yokuthola imiphumela yokuhlola iwukukhomba i-ID yokuhlola.
Ngezansi ikhodi ye-Python yokuthola imiphumela kusukela ekuhlolweni okungenhla kwe-HTTP nge-ID = 3:
nomphathi. Xhuma(host=args.host, port=args.port, username=args.username,password=args.password, hostkey_verify=False) njenge-m:

Okukhiphayo kuzobukeka kanje:

Ukuthekelisa kanye Nokungenisa Izifanekiso Zokuhlola
Izifanekiso zokuhlola zingathunyelwa ngefomethi ye-JSON futhi zingeniswe kabusha ngaleyo fomethi kokuthi Isikhungo Sokulawula. Lokhu kuyasiza uma ufuna ukusebenzisa izifanekiso zokuhlola ekufakweni okuhlukile Kwesikhungo Sokulawula. (Ukudalwa kokuqala kwezifanekiso kuphathwa kangcono nge-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula.)
Ngezansi kunekhodi yokwenza ukuthekelisa nokungenisa.
Ithekelisa Izifanekiso Zokuhlola

# Thola i-json config empendulweni
impande = ET.fromstring(response._raw)
json_config = impande[0].umbhalo
phrinta i-json_config
Isifanekiso siqukethwe entweni ethi json_config.
Ingenisa Izifanekiso Zokuhlola
Izifanekiso zokuhlola eziphethe into elungiselelwe ye-JSON zingangeniswa kabusha ku-Control Center ngendlela elandelayo.

ExampLes: Abaqaphi

Lesi sigaba sithatha ngokuthi ama-ejenti okuhlola (amaningi adingwa abaqaphi) adalwe ngokwesigaba “Ukudala Nokuphakela Umenzeli Omusha Wokuhlola” ekhasini le-17.
Yang Model Izindlela for Abaqaphi

Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/abaqaphi…
abaqaphi	/.
qapha[igama]	/qapha
igama	/monitor/igama
incazelo	/monitor/description
waqala	/monitor/started
isifanekiso	/monitor/template
i-alamu-configs	/monitor/alarm-configs
Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/i-akhawunti/abaqaphi/ukuqapha/i-alamu-ilungiselela…
i-alamu-config[identifier]	/alarm-config
isihlonzi	/alarm-config/identifier
isifanekiso	/alarm-config/template
i-imeyili	/alarm-config/email
snmp	/alarm-config/snmp
thr-es-critical	/alarm-config/thr-es-critical
thr-es-critical-clear	/alarm-config/thr-es-critical-clear
thr-es-major	/alarm-config/thr-es-major
thr-es-major-clear	/alarm-config/thr-es-major-clear
thr-es-minor	/alarm-config/thr-es-minor
thr-es-minor-clear	/alarm-config/thr-es-minor-clear
thr-es-isexwayiso	/alarm-config/thr-es-warning
thr-es-warning-clear	/alarm-config/thr-es-warning-clear
ubulukhuni bedatha	/alarm-config/no-data-severity
akukho-data-timeout	/alarm-config/no-data-timeout
isenzo	/alarm-config/action
usayizi wewindi	/alarm-config/window-size
isikhawu	/alarm-config/interval
thumela-kanye kuphela	/alarm-config/send-only-kanye
snmp-trap-per-stream	/alarm-config/snmp-trap-per-stream
Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/abaqaphi…
imingcele	/qapha/amapharamitha
Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/abaqaphi/qapha/amapharamitha…
ipharamitha[ukhiye]	/ipharamitha
ukhiye	/ipharamitha/ukhiye
(uhlobo lwenani)	/ipharamitha
:(inamba)	/ipharamitha
inombolo ephelele	/ipharamitha/inamba
:(ntanta)	/ipharamitha
ntanta	/ipharamitha/float
:(uchungechunge)	/ipharamitha
Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/abaqaphi/qapha/amapharamitha…
umucu	/ipharamitha/uchungechunge
:(izibonisi-ze-ejenti-zokuhlola)	/ipharamitha
test-ejenti-interfaces	/ipharamitha/i-ejenti yokuhlola-izixhumanisi
test-agent-interface[“1” ekhasini 58	/ipharamitha/i-ejenti-yokuhlola-izixhumanisi/
i-akhawunti	/ipharamitha/i-agent-test-interfaces/test-agent-interface/account
i-ejenti yokuhlola	/ipharamitha/i-ejenti-yokuhlola-izixhumanisi/i-ejenti-yokuhlola-isixhumi esibonakalayo/i-ejenti-yokuhlola
esibonakalayo	/ipharamitha/i-agent-test-interfaces/test-agent-interface/interface
ip-inguqulo	/ipharamitha/i-ejenti-yokuhlola-izixhumanisi/i-ejenti-yokuhlola-isixhumi esibonakalayo/i-ip-version
:(twamp- ama-reflectors)	/ipharamitha
twamp-izibonisi	/ipharamitha/twamp-izibonisi
twamp-reflector[igama]	/ipharamitha/twamp-izibonisi/twamp-isibonisi
igama	/ipharamitha/twamp-izibonisi/twamp-isibonisi/igama
:(y1731-meps)	/ipharamitha
y1731-meps	/ipharamitha/y1731-meps
y1731-mep[igama]	/ipharamitha/y1731-meps/y1731-mep
igama	/ipharamitha/y1731-meps/y1731-mep/name
:(ama-akhawunti we-sip)	/ipharamitha
sip-akhawunti	/ipharamitha/sip-accounts
i-sip-akhawunti[“2” ekhasini 58]	/ipharamitha/sip-accounts/sip-account
i-akhawunti	/ipharamitha/sip-accounts/sip-account/account
i-ejenti yokuhlola	/ipharamitha/sip-accounts/sip-account/test-agent
esibonakalayo	/ipharamitha/sip-accounts/sip-account/interface
sip-ikheli	/ipharamitha/sip-accounts/sip-account/sip-address
:(iziteshi ze-iptv)	/ipharamitha
iptv-iziteshi	/ipharamitha/iptv-iziteshi
iptv-channel[igama]	/ipharamitha/iptv-channels/iptv-channel
igama	/ipharamitha/iptv-channels/iptv-channel/name

isixhumi esibonakalayo somenzeli wokuhlola i-akhawunti
isixhumi esibonakalayo somenzeli wokuhlola we-akhawunti sip-ikheli

Into	Indlela yemodeli ye-YANG: /ama-akhawunti/ama-akhawunti/abaqaphi…
isimo	/qapha/isimo
imizuzu yokugcina-15	/monitor/status/last-15-imizuzu
isimo	/monitor/status/last-15-minutes/status
inani lesimo	/monitor/status/last-15-imizuzu/inani-lesimo
ngehora lokugcina	/monitor/status/ihora lokugcina
isimo	/monitor/status/ihora-lokugcina/isimo
inani lesimo	/monitor/status/ihora-lokugcina/inani-lesimo
amahora wokugcina-24	/monitor/status/last-24-amahora
isimo	/monitor/status/last-24-hours/status
inani lesimo	/monitor/status/last-24-hours/status-value
izifanekiso	/izifanekiso
isifanekiso[igama]	/izifanekiso/isifanekiso
igama	/templates/template/name
incazelo	/templates/template/description
imingcele	/templates/template/parameters
ipharamitha[ukhiye]	/templates/template/parameters/parameter
ukhiye	/templates/template/parameters/parameter/key
uhlobo	/templates/template/parameters/parameter/type

Izimfuneko ze-Monitor Orchestration
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuqapha nge-NETCONF usebenzisa i-ncclient, udinga ukwakha isifanekiso semonitha ku-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula njengoba kuchazwe kusizo lwangaphakathi nohlelo ngaphansi kokuthi “Izivivinyo neziqaphi” > “Ukudala izifanekiso”. Zonke izinkambu ezicaciswe njengokuthi “Okufakwayo kwesifanekiso” kuleso sifanekiso zizodingeka njengamapharamitha ku-XML lapho kuhlelwa ukuqaliswa kwesifanekiso.
Ukuthola Amapharamitha Wokokufaka Kuzifanekiso Zokuqapha
Ngezansi, kuboniswa izifanekiso ezimbili. Eyokuqala ingeyokuqapha kwe-UDP phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zokusebenzelana Komenzeli Wokuhlola, kanti eyesibili eye-HTTP esebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa Somenzeli Wokuhlola.
Ukuze uthole amapharamitha wokufaka wesifanekiso, chofoza ibhokisi elimele isifanekiso. Esifanekiso se-HTTP, amapharamitha angase abukeke kanje:

Sidinga ukuchaza lezi zinhlaka esinyathelweni esilandelayo lapho siqala imonitha.
Ukuqala I-Monitor
Sisebenzisa ama-ejenti okuhlola esiwachaze futhi sawasebenzisa esigabeni esithi “Ukudala Nokusebenzisa Umenzeli Omusha Wokuhlola” ekhasini 17, singakwazi ukuqalisa isiqapha kusukela kusifanekiso esithi “HTTP” njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi.
Ngepharamitha ngayinye, i isibaluli sidinga ukunikezwa. Ukhiye uyafana negama eliguquguqukayo lepharamitha Kusikhungo Sokulawula. Ungahlola amagama aguquguqukayo kanje:

Chofoza u-Monitoring kubha eseceleni bese ukhetha I-Monitor entsha.
Chofoza Izifanekiso Zami.
Chofoza isixhumanisi sokuhlela ngezansi kwesifanekiso sentshisekelo yakho.
Chofoza inkinobho yokufaka ethi Hlela ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla.

Ku-ex yethuample, futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo, amagama aguquguqukayo ayizinguqulo zofeleba abancane zamagama aboniswa ku-Control Center (“url” vs.URL”, njll.). Nokho, ku-Control Center GUI, ungaqamba kabusha okuguquguqukayo kunoma yini oyithandayo.
Ngaphandle kokhiye, ipharamitha ngayinye idinga ukucaciswa uhlobo lwayo: ngokwesiboneloample, Okwe URL. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ulwazi olugcwele ohlotsheni lwepharamitha lutholakala kumodeli ye-YANG. Ekuxhumaneni komenzeli wokuhlola uhlobo lunesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba kufakazelwa kukhodi engezansi.
Ku-exampngokulandelayo, ayikho i-alamu ehlotshaniswa nokuqapha. Okwesiboneloample ezihilela ama-alamu, yiya engxenyeni ethi “Ukuqala Ukuqapha Nge-alamu” ekhasini 62.

Ukuqala Imonitha Nge-alamu
Ukuze uhlobanise i-alamu nemonitha, ungakhomba isifanekiso se-alamu esichaziwe, noma ungahlinzeka ngakho konke ukucushwa kwe-alamu lapho udala isiqapha. Sizonikeza i-ex eyodwaample yendlela ngayinye engezansi.
Ukusetha i-alamu yokuqapha ngokukhomba isifanekiso se-alamu
Ukuze usebenzise isifanekiso se-alamu, kufanele wazi i-ID yaso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala ngokukhipha zonke izifanekiso ze-alamu yakho njengoba kuchazwe esigabeni “Ukuthola Zonke Izifanekiso Ze-alamu” ekhasini 39 futhi uphawule igama lesifanekiso esifanelekile. Ungabhekisela kuleso sifanekiso kanje:

Ukusetha i-alamu yokuqapha ngokuyilungiselela i-Directly
Kungenjalo, ungasetha i-alamu yemonitha ngokunikeza konke ukucushwa kwayo lapho udala imonitha, ngaphandle kokubhekisela kusifanekiso se-alamu. Lokhu kwenziwa njengoba kuboniswe ku-ex elandelayoample.

Ibuyisa Iziqaphi Ezisebenzayo
Ukuze ubuyise wonke amamonitha asebenzayo njengamanje, sebenzisa lesi script:
nomphathi. connect(host=args.host, port=args.port, username=args. igama lomsebenzisi, password=args.password, hostkey_verify=False) as m:

Okuphumayo kuwuhlu lwazo zonke iziqaphi ezisebenzayo njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:

Ibuyisa Isimo Se-SLA Sokuqapha
Nansi indlela yokuthola isimo se-SLA sokuqapha. Kulesi exampfuthi, sithola isimo se-SLA sokuqapha “Ikhwalithi Yenethiwekhi” izikhawu ezintathu zesikhathi: imizuzu engu-15 yokugcina, ihora lokugcina, namahora angu-24 okugcina.

Okukhiphayo kuzobukeka kanje:

Izaziso ze-NETCONF
Izaziso ze-NETCONF zabaqaphi zibangelwa ukwephulwa kwe-SLA. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-SLA yemonitha yehla ngaphansi komkhawulo we-SLA (“Kuhle” noma “Kuyamukeleka”) phakathi newindi lesikhathi esinikeziwe, ngokuzenzakalelayo imizuzu yokugcina engu-15. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izaziso zokwephulwa kwe-SLA ziyashesha ukuvela ngemva kokuthi isevisi ithintwa inkinga, kuyilapho isimo se-SLA sizobuyela kokuthi “Kuhle” ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 kuphela, futhi kuphela uma kungekho okunye ukwephulwa okwenzeka.
Iwindi lesikhathi lingashintshwa ngokuhlela isilungiselelo SLA_STATUS_WINDOW (inani ngemizuzwana) /etc/netrounds/netrounds.conf.
Ukuthekelisa kanye Nokungenisa Izifanekiso Zokuqapha
Lokhu kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo ncamashi nezifanekiso zokuhlola; qhathanisa nesigaba esithi “Izifanekiso Zokuhlola Ukuthekelisa Nokuthekelisa” ekhasini 52. Amazwibela ekhodi angezansi abonisa indlela yokuthekelisa nokungenisa izifanekiso zamamonitha.
Ithekelisa Izifanekiso Zokuqapha

Ingenisa Izifanekiso Zokuqapha

Ukusebenzisa Tags

Tags echazwe ku-Paragon Active Assurance ingasetshenziswa ku:

abaqaphi
qapha izifanekiso
Ama-ejenti okuhlola
TWAMP izibonisi
I-Ping host.
Okwesiboneloample, ungakwazi tag ukuqapha okufanayo tag njengesethi engaphansi yama-ejenti okuhlola azosebenzisa imonitha. Lesi sici siwusizo ikakhulukazi uma unenani elikhulu labaqaphi nezifanekiso ezichaziwe.

Uma usethe i-alamu enezicupho ze-SNMP zemonitha, khona-ke izicupho ze-SNMP zizonikezwa okufanayo. tags njengemonitha, uma ikhona.
Iyakha Tags
Ngezansi sibonisa indlela yokudala a tag negama nombala njengoba kuchazwe yi-XMLtag> isakhiwo.

Ukwabela a Tag
Ukwabela u-a tag kusisetshenziswa, uyengeza njengesishatag> isici ngaphansi kwetags> isici saleyo nsiza.
Nansi indlela yokwabela u-a tag Kumenzeli Wokuhlola:

Ukwabela u-a tag kwe TWAMP reflector, yenza lokhu okulandelayo:

Ukwabela a tag ku-monitor iphathwa ngendlela efanayo:

Noma, unganikeza ekhona tag kunoma yiziphi zalezi zinhlobo zezinsiza lapho udala insiza, ngokufaka itags> isici esiqukethe i tag okubuzwayo.
Ibuyekeza a Tag
Ibuyekeza ekhona tag ngezimfanelo ezintsha kufana nokudala a tag:

Ukukhipha a Tag
Ukuyekisa ukunikeza a tag kusuka kusisetshenziswa, engeza isibaluli esithi nc:operation="delete" ku-tag> ingxenye yesisetshenziswa. Ngezansi, siyeka ukwaba a tag kusuka kumqapha.

Ukususa a Tag
Ukuze ususe a tag ngokuphelele kusuka ku-Control Center, isibaluli esithi nc:operation="delete" siyasetshenziswa futhi, kodwa kulokhu sisetshenziswa ku tag ngokwayo, kuchazwe ngaphansi .

Ukuxazulula inkinga

Inkinga: I-Orchestrator neParagon Active Assurance Iphumile Ekuvumelaniseni
I-orchestrator kanye ne-Paragon Active Assurance bangagcina bengasavumelanisi ngokwesiboneloample uma izinguquko zokumisa zenziwe ku-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula, noma uma ukusebenzisa ukumisa kungazange kuphumelele futhi ukubuyela esimweni sangaphambilini kwehlulekile.
Esimeni sokuhlehliselwa emuva kwehlulekile, iseva ye-NETCONF ngeke isamukela izinguquko zokumisa; izophendula ngomlayezo wephutha othi ukucushwa kukhiyiwe kuze kube sekuvunyelanisiwe. Ukuze ubuyele ekuvumelaniseni nasekuvuleni izinguquko zokumisa, udinga ukusebenzisa umyalo othi rpc sync-from-ncc ovumelanisa konke ukumiswa ukusuka ku-Control Center kuya kusizindalwazi sokumisa.
QAPHELA: I confd@netrounds.com umsebenzisi (noma noma yini emisiwe) kumele abe namalungelo omsebenzisi omkhulu ukuze yonke into ivunyelaniswe ngempumelelo. Lokhu kungafezwa ngomyalo we-ncc wokuvuselela umsebenzisi confd@netrounds.com -is-superuser Uma umsebenzisi engeyena umsebenzisi omkhulu, kuzovela isexwayiso sokuthi akuyona yonke into engavunyelaniswa, kodwa konke obekusingathwa sekudlulile.
QAPHELA: Uma i-orchestrator yakho iphinde igcine ukucushwa, uzodinga ukuphinda uvumelanise lokho futhi njengoba ukucushwa okuceliwe (ukucushwa i-orchestrator alindele ukuthi Isikhungo Sokulawula sibe nakho) ngeke kusetshenziswe.
Inkinga: Ukuvumelanisa Kwasekuqaleni (sync-from-ncc) Yehlulekile Ngenxa Yezinsiza Ezingasekelwe
Uma uzama ukusebenzisa i-rpc sync-from-ncc ku-akhawunti enokucushwa kwayo okudalwe ku-GUI Yesikhungo Sokulawula, ungase ungene ezinkingeni uma i-akhawunti iqukethe izinsiza ezingasekelwe. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale nge-akhawunti engenalutho futhi wenze konke ukucushwa kwayo nge-NETCONF. Uma kungenjalo, uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga ngokushayisana kwensiza, kuzodingeka ukuthi ususe izinsiza ezingqubuzanayo ku-akhawunti.
Inkinga: imiyalo ye-NETCONF yehluleka nge-ncclient.operations.rpc.RPCEIphutha: ukwehluleka kokuxhumana kohlelo lokusebenza
Iseva ye-NETCONF ayibuyisi ukuxhumeka kuseva Yesikhungo Sokulawula ngokuzenzakalelayo uma Isikhungo Sokulawula siqalwa kabusha. Ukuze ubuyisele uxhumano ku-Control Center, qala kabusha inqubo ye-NETCONF: sudo systemctl qala kabusha i-netrounds-confd

Amanothi Ngezicelo Zomenzeli Wokuhlola kanye Nezisetshenziswa Zomenzeli Wokuhlola

Izicelo Ze-ejenti Yokuhlola ku-ConfD
Phakathi Kwabenzeli Bokuhlola, Isicelo (esisha) Somenzeli Wokuhlola sisebenza ngokuhlukile Kosesisetshenziswa Somenzeli Wokuhlola (omdala).
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zomenzeli wokuhlola okwamanje azikusekeli ukucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo. Ngakho-ke, i-schema ye-YANG ivumela ukucacisa ukucushwa kwe-interface okungenalutho kuma-ejenti okuhlola anjalo. Bheka “lesi siqephu” ekhasini 23 ukuze uthole i-example.
Lapho uvumelanisa imininingo egciniwe ye-ConfD Nesikhungo Sokulawula usebenzisa umyalo wokuvumelanisa-kusuka-ku-ncc, ufuna ukucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo kuhlale kungenalutho futhi kungabhalwa phezu kwalokho okutholakala Esikhungweni Sokulawula. Ngakho-ke udinga ukusebenzisa ifulegi elikhethekile -without_interface_config ngalowo myalo lapho usebenza ne-Test Agent Application.
Ukulungiswa Kwe-interface Engenalutho Kokusebenza Komenzeli Wokuhlola
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lomenzeli Wokuhlola alukusekeli ukulungiselelwa kokusetshenziswa kubonwa, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukhiphe izixhumanisi ku-schema se-YANG.
Kodwa kukhona futhi izimo zokusebenzisa lapho ungase ufune ukweqa ukulungiselelwa kokusetshenziswa kubonwa kokuthi Umshini Wokuhlola Umshini. Isibample yalokhu kungaba yisimo se-orchestration lapho uphotha khona Umenzeli Wokuhlola usebenzisa i-cloud-init, futhi ufuna ukucushwa kwe-interface kusuka lapho kusetshenziswe, esikhundleni sokuvumela i-ConfD ikubhale phezu kokuthi Umenzeli Wokuhlola eza ku-inthanethi.
Izinguquko Ze-YANG Schema Mayelana Nokusebenzelana Okungachazwanga
Njengoba ukucushwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo esingenalutho manje sekuvunyelwe (kusuka kunguqulo 2.34.0 kuya phambili), kungenzeka ukucacisa noma yiliphi igama lesixhumi esibonakalayo njengokufakwayo kumsebenzi osebenza njengengxenye yokuhlola noma yokuqapha.
Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa Isicelo Se-ejenti Yokuhlola, ngoba kulawa magama awekho isixhumi esibonakalayo achazwa ku-ConfD. Qaphela, nokho, ukuthi lokhu kusho nokuthi ungangena ezinkingeni uma ngephutha ulungiselela ukuhlola noma ukuqapha ukuze usebenzise isixhumi esibonakalayo esingekho. Ngakho ngicela ukukhumbule lokhu.
Imikhawulo Lapho Ubhalisa Umenzeli Wokuhlola Odalwe ku-ConfD
Uma udala Umenzeli Wokuhlola usebenzisa i-REST noma i-NETCONF/YANG API, ngeke sazi ngaphambili ukuthi iluphi uhlobo: Isisetshenziswa Somenzeli Wokuhlola noma Isicelo Somenzeli Wokuhlola. Lokhu kuba sobala kuphela ngemva kokuba umenzeli wokuhlola esebhalisile.
Uma i-Ejenti Yokuhlola isibhalisiwe futhi isiphenduke enye yalezi zinhlobo ezibambekayo, awuvunyelwe ukuyibhalisa kabusha njengohlobo oluhlukile Lomenzeli Wokuhlola. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awuvunyelwe ukuthi uqale usibhalise Njengesisetshenziswa Somenzeli Wokuhlola, bese usibhalisa kabusha Njengesicelo Somenzeli Wokuhlola, noma okuphambene nalokho. Uma udinga umenzeli wokuhlola wohlobo oluhlukile, uzodinga ukuthi udale umenzeli wokuhlola omusha.

Isithasiselo: Ukwakheka Kwesihlahla Semodeli Egcwele Ye-YANG

Kulesi sithasiselo, ingxenye ethi “Legend” ekhasini 81 ichaza i-syntax yesakhiwo sesihlahla esiyimodeli ye-YANG ekhiqizwe ngomyalo othi pyang -f tree.
Ingxenye ethi “Isakhiwo Sesihlahla Semodeli Ye-YANG” ekhasini 82 sinikeza okuphumayo kulowo myalo osetshenziswa ku-netrounds-ncc.yang. Izingxenye zalokhu okukhiphayo kukhiqizwa kabusha kwenye indawo kudokhumenti.
Inganekwane

Isakhiwo Sesihlahla Semodeli Yang

I-Juniper Networks, ilogo ye-Juniper Networks, i-Juniper, ne-Junos yizimpawu zokuthengisa ezibhalisiwe ze-Juniper Networks, Inc. e-United States nakwamanye amazwe. Zonke ezinye izimpawu zokuthengisa, izimpawu zesevisi, amamaki abhalisiwe, noma izimpawu zesevisi ezibhalisiwe ziyimpahla yabanikazi bazo. IJuniper Networks ayinaso isibopho sanoma yikuphi ukungalungi kulo mbhalo. I-Juniper Networks igodla ilungelo lokushintsha, ukulungisa, ukudlulisa, noma ukubuyekeza lokhu kushicilelwa ngaphandle kwesaziso. Copyright © 2023 Juniper Networks, Inc. Wonke amalungelo agodliwe.

Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza

I-Juniper NETWORKS NETCONF & YANG API Software [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi
I-NETCONF YANG API Software, YANG API Software, API Software, Software

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