I-Juniper NETWORKS 408-745-2000 vJunos Router Deployment
Imininingwane
- Umkhiqizo: I-vJunos-router Deployment Guide ye-KVM
- UmshicileliUmthombo: Juniper Networks, Inc.
- Ishicilelwe Usuku: 2024-02-05
- Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha neSoftware Compatibility: I-Linux Host Servers ene-KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 noma i-Debian 11 Bullseye)
Ulwazi Lomkhiqizo
I-vJunos-router iyisisombululo somzila obonakalayo ovumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise isofthiwe ye-Junos yokuhlola ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi kanye nezivumelwano. Ingafakwa kuseva ye-x86 ejwayelekile yemboni esebenzisa i-Linux KVM hypervisor.
Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo
Faka futhi Sebenzisa i-vJunos-router ku-KVM
- Lungiselela i-Linux Host Servers ukufaka i-vJunos-router:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi iseva yomsingathi ihlangabezana nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezincane nezimfuneko zesofthiwe.
- Faka izingxenye zesofthiwe ye-vJunos-router kuseva.
- Sebenzisa futhi Uphathe i-vJunos-router ku-KVM:
- Setha ukuthunyelwa kwe-vJunos-router kuseva yomsingathi.
- Qinisekisa isimo se-vJunos-router virtual machine (VM).
- Lungiselela izilungiselelo ze-vJunos-router ezihlanganisa izimbobo ezisebenzayo, ukuqamba isixhumi esibonakalayo, kanye nemidiya ye-MTU.
- Xhuma ku-vJunos-router ukuze uthole ukucushwa okwengeziwe.
Ukuxazulula inkinga nge-vJunos-router ku-KVM
- Qinisekisa ukuthi i-VM iyasebenza:
- Hlola isimo se-vJunos-router VM.
- Qinisekisa Ulwazi lwe-CPU:
- Gada futhi uqinisekise imininingwane yokusetshenziswa kwe-CPU.
- View Ilogi Files:
- Hlola ilogu files nganoma yiliphi iphutha noma imilayezo yesixwayiso.
- Qoqa Ama-Core Dumps:
- Uma kudingeka, qoqa okulahlwayo okubalulekile ngezinjongo zokuxazulula inkinga.
Juniper Networks, Inc. 1133 Innovation Way Sunnyvale, California 94089 USA
I-Juniper Networks, ilogo ye-Juniper Networks, i-Juniper, ne-Junos yizimpawu zokuthengisa ezibhalisiwe ze-Juniper Networks, Inc. e-United States nakwamanye amazwe. Zonke ezinye izimpawu zokuthengisa, izimpawu zesevisi, amamaki abhalisiwe, noma izimpawu zesevisi ezibhalisiwe ziyimpahla yabanikazi bazo. IJuniper Networks ayinaso isibopho sanoma yikuphi ukungalungi kulo mbhalo. I-Juniper Networks igodla ilungelo lokushintsha, ukulungisa, ukudlulisa, noma ukubuyekeza lokhu kushicilelwa ngaphandle kwesaziso. I-vJunos-router Deployment Guide ye-KVM
Copyright © 2024 Juniper Networks, Inc. Wonke amalungelo agodliwe.
Ulwazi olukule dokhumenti olwamanje kusukela ngosuku osekhasini lesihloko.
UNYAKA KA-2000 ISAZISO
I-Juniper Networks hardware nemikhiqizo yesofthiwe ihambisana noNyaka ka-2000. I-Junos OS ayinakho ukulinganiselwa okuhlobene nesikhathi okwaziwayo ngonyaka ka-2038. Nokho, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-NTP lwaziwa ngokuba nobunzima obuthile ngonyaka ka-2036.
QEDA ISIVUMELWANO SELAYISENSI YOMSEBENZISI
Umkhiqizo weJuniper Networks okuyisihloko salo mbhalo wobuchwepheshe uqukethe (noma ohloselwe ukusetshenziswa) nesoftware yeJuniper Networks. Ukusetshenziswa kwaleyo softhiwe kungaphansi kwemigomo nemibandela yeSivumelwano Selayisensi Yomsebenzisi Wokugcina (“EULA”) esithunyelwe ku- https://support.juniper.net/support/eula/. Ngokulanda, ukufaka noma ukusebenzisa isofthiwe enjalo, uyavumelana nemigomo nemibandela yaleyo EULA.
Mayelana nalo mhlahlandlela
- Sebenzisa lo mhlahlandlela ukufaka i-virtual Junos-router (vJunos-router).
- I-vJunos-router inguqulo ebonakalayo ye-Junos-based MX yesikhulumi somzila. Imele irutha yeJuniper esebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza ye-Junos® (Junos OS) endaweni yomshini we-kernel-based virtual (KVM). I-vJunos-router isekelwe kuJuniper
- I-Networks® vMX Virtual Router (vMX) isesidlekeni sezakhiwo.
- Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa nezinqubo eziyisisekelo zokucushwa kwe-vJunos-router nezinqubo zokuphatha.
- Ngemva kokufaka nokumisa i-vJunos-router njengoba kuvezwe kulo mhlahlandlela, bheka imibhalo ye-Junos OS ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokucushwa kwesofthiwe eyengeziwe.
IMIBHALO EHLOBANE: I-Junos OS ye-MX Series Documentation
vJunos-router Overview
ISIFINYEZO
Lesi sihloko sinikeza isiphethoview, izici ezibalulekile ziyasekelwa, izinzuzo, kanye nemikhawulo ye-vJunos-router.
Kuphelileview
- I-vJunos-router inguqulo ebonakalayo ye-Juniper router esebenzisa i-Junos OS. Ungafaka i-vJunos-router njengomshini obonakalayo (VM) kuseva ye-x86.
- Ungamisa futhi uphathe i-vJunos-router ngendlela efanayo njengoba uphatha umzila ongokoqobo.
- I-vJunos-router ingumshini owodwa we-virtual (VM) ongawusebenzisa kumalebhu kuphela hhayi endaweni yokukhiqiza. I-vJunos-router yakhiwe kusetshenziswa i-vMX njengereferensi yeJuniper router futhi isekela i-Routing Engine eyodwa kanye ne-Flexible PIC Concentrator (FPC) eyodwa.
- I-vJunos-router isekela umkhawulokudonsa ongafika ku-100 Mbps ohlanganiswe kuzo zonke izixhumanisi.
QAPHELA: Awudingi ukuthenga ilayisense yomkhawulokudonsa ukuze usebenzise i-vJunos-router. Ziba imilayezo yokuhlola ilayisensi.
Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa amarutha ehadiwe, ungasebenzisa i-vJunos-router ukuze uqale isofthiwe ye-Junos yokuhlola ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi nezinqubo.
Ukufakwa kwe-vJunos-router Kuphelileview
- Ungakwazi ukufaka izingxenye zesofthiwe ye-vJunos-router kuseva ye-x86 ejwayelekile yemboni esebenzisa i-Linux KVM hypervisor (Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 noma i-Debian 11 Bullseye).
- Kumaseva asebenzisa i-hypervisor ye-KVM, ungaphinda usebenzise isoftware yomuntu wesithathu esebenzayo. Ungafaka izimo eziningi ze-vJunos-router kuseva eyodwa.
Izici Eziyinhloko Zisekelwe
Lesi sihloko sikunikeza uhlu nemininingwane yezici ezibalulekile ezisekelwayo neziqinisekiswa ku-vJunos-router. Ukuze uthole imininingwane ngokucushwa kwalezi zici, bheka imihlahlandlela yezici kokuthi: Imihlahlandlela Yomsebenzisi.
I-vJunos-router isekela izici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:
- Isekela kufika ku-96 router interfaces.
- Isici sokungaguquguquki nezinkundla ze-MX Series ezingokoqobo.
- Ukubonakaliswa komzila okubonakalayo
- Amandla we-Virtual Broadband network gateway (BNG), afaka:
- Iseva yenethiwekhi ye-L2TP/I-Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol (LNS/L2TP)
- I-Point-to-Point Protocol phezu kwe-Ethernet (PPPoE)
- I-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv4/DHCPv6)
- Usekelo lwe-Pseudowire Headend Termination (PWHT).
- Usekelo lokusebenzisana lwababhalisile olumile futhi oluguquguqukayo (i-RADIUS).
Izinzuzo kanye nokusetshenziswa
Izinzuzo kanye namacala okusebenzisa we-vJunos-router kumaseva ajwayelekile we-x86 ami kanje:
- Izindleko ezinkulu ezincishisiwe (CapEx) elebhu-I-vJunos-router iyatholakala mahhala ukuze kwakhiwe amalebhu okuhlola anciphisa izindleko ezihlobene namarutha aphathekayo.
- Isikhathi esincishisiwe sokuphakelwa-Ungasebenzisa i-vJunos-router ukuze wakhe futhi uhlole ama-topology ngaphandle kokwakha amalebhu abizayo angokwenyama. Amalebhu abonakalayo angakhiwa khona manjalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ungakwazi ukunciphisa izindleko nokubambezeleka okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwehadiwe ebonakalayo.
- Susa isidingo nesikhathi sehardware yelebhu-I-vJunos-router ikusiza ukuthi ususe isikhathi sokulinda ukuze i-hardware yelebhu ifike ngemva kokuthenga. I-vJunos-router iyatholakala mahhala futhi ingalandwa khona manjalo.
- Imfundo nokuqeqeshwa—Ikuvumela ukuthi wakhe amalebhu ezinsiza zokufunda nezemfundo zabasebenzi bakho.
- Ubufakazi bomqondo kanye nobufakazi bokuqinisekisag—Ungaqinisekisa ama-topology ahlukahlukene esikhungo sedatha, isibamples, futhi ulungise okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukulinganiselwa
I-vJunos-router inemikhawulo elandelayo:
- Inenjini yomzila eyodwa kanye nesakhiwo esisodwa se-FPC.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yangaphakathi kwesevisi (ISSU) akusekelwe.
- Okunamathiselwe noma ukuhlukaniswa kwezixhumi ezibonakalayo uma kusebenza akusekelwe.
- I-SR-IOV yezimo zokusebenzisa i-vJunos-router kanye nokuphumayo akusekelwe.
- Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo esidlekeni, i-vJunos-router ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kunoma yikuphi ukuthunyelwa okwethula izimo ngaphakathi kwe-VM.
- Isekela umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu we-100 Mbps kuzo zonke izixhumanisi.
- Awukwazi ukuthuthukisa i-Junos OS ohlelweni olusebenzayo. Kunalokho, kufanele usebenzise isenzakalo esisha ngesofthiwe entsha.
IMIBHALO EHLOBANE: Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha Ezincane Nezimfuneko zeSoftware ye-vJunos-router ku-KVM | 8
vJunos-router Architecture
I-vJunos-router iyisixazululo se-VM esisodwa, esifakwe esidlekeni lapho indiza yokudlulisa i-virtual (VFP) kanye ne-Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) zihlala ku-VM yangaphandle. Uma uqala i-vJunos-router, i-VFP iqala i-VM efakwe esidlekeni esebenzisa isithombe se-Junos Virtual Control Plane (VCP). I-KVM hypervisor isetshenziselwa ukuphakela i-VCP. Igama elithi "i-nested" libhekisela ku-VCP VM efakwe ngaphakathi kwe-VFP VM, njengoba kuboniswe ku-vJunos-router Architecture ekhasini lesi-5.
I-vJunos-router ingasekela kufikela ku-100 Mbps we-throughput isebenzisa ama-cores amane kanye ne-5GB yememori. Noma yimaphi ama-cores angeziwe nememori emisiwe inikezwa i-VCP. I-VFP ayidingi inkumbulo eyengeziwe ngaphandle kokusekelwa okuncane okusekelwe. Ama-cores angu-4 kanye nememori engu-5GB yanele ezimweni zokusetshenziswa ngelebhu.
I-vJunos-router architecture ihlelwe ngokwezigaba:
- I-vJunos-router ikusendlalelo esiphezulu.
- I-hypervisor ye-KVM kanye nesofthiwe yesistimu ehlobene echazwe esigabeni sezidingo zesofthiwe ikusendlalelo esimaphakathi.
- Iseva ye-x86 ikusendlalelo esibonakalayo ngezansi.
Ukuqonda lesi sakhiwo kungakusiza ukuthi uhlele ukucushwa kwakho kwe-vJunos-router.
Ngemva kokudala isibonelo se-vJunos-router, ungasebenzisa i-Junos OS CLI ukuze ulungiselele i-vJunos-router interfaces ku-VCP. I-vJunos-router isekela ukuxhumana kwe-Gigabit Ethernet kuphela.
I-Hardware ne-Software Izidingo ze-vJunos-router ku-KVM
Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha Ezincane Nezimfuneko zeSoftware ye-vJunos-router ku-KVM | 8
Izimfuneko Ezincane Zezingxenyekazi Zekhompyutha Nesoftware ye-vJunos-router ku-KVM
Lesi sihloko sikunikeza uhlu lwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha kanye nezidingo zesoftware ukuze uqale isibonelo se-vJunos-router. Izidingo Ezincane Zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ze-vJunos-router ekhasini 8 libala izimfuneko zehadiwe ye-vJunos-router.
Ithebula 1: Izidingo Ezincane Zezingxenyekazi Zekhompuyutha ze-vJunos-router
| Incazelo | Inani |
| Sample ukucushwa kwesistimu | Ngokulingisa ngelebhu nokusebenza okuphansi (ngaphansi kuka-100 Mbps) amakesi okusebenzisa, noma iyiphi iphrosesa ye-Intel x86 enekhono le-VT-x.
Intel Ivy Bridge processors noma kamuva.
Example ye-Ivy Bridge processor: Intel Xeon E5-2667 v2 @ 3.30 GHz 25 MB inqolobane |
| Inombolo yama-cores | Kudingeka okungenani ama-cores amane. Isofthiwe yabela ama-cores amathathu ku-VFP kanye nomongo owodwa ku-VCP, okwanele ezimweni eziningi zokusetshenziswa.
Noma yimaphi ama-cores engeziwe azonikezwa i-VCP njengoba ama-cores amathathu anele ukusekela izidingo zendiza yedatha ye-VFP. |
| Inkumbulo | Kudingeka inkumbulo encane engu-5GB. Imemori elinganiselwa ku-3GB izokwabelwa i-VFP kanye no-2 GB ku-VCP. Uma ngaphezu kwe-6 GB yengqikithi yememori inikeziwe, imemori ye-VFP ifakwe ku-4GB, futhi imemori eyengeziwe yabelwe i-VCP. |
| Ezinye izidingo | • Ikhono le-Intel VT-x.
• I-Hyperthreading (kuyanconywa)
• AES-NI |
Ithebula 2: Izidingo Zesoftware ku-Ubuntu
| Incazelo | Inani |
| Isistimu esebenzayo
QAPHELA: Ukwenza kwasendaweni kwesiNgisi kuphela okusekelwayo. |
• Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
• Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
• Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
• I-Debian 11 Bullseye |
| I-Virtualization | • I-QEMU-KVM
Inguqulo ezenzakalelayo yenguqulo ngayinye ye-Ubuntu noma ye-Debian yanele. I-apt-get install qemu-kvm ifaka le nguqulo ezenzakalelayo. |
| Amaphakheji adingekayo
QAPHELA: Sebenzisa i-apt-get install pkg igama noma sudo apt-get install iyala ukufaka iphakheji. |
• qemu-kvm virt-manager
• i-libvirt-daemon-system
• i-virtinst libvirt-clients bridge-utils |
| Izindawo Zokuphakelwa Ezisekelwe | I-QEMU-KVM isebenzisa i-libvirt
Futhi, ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi okungenalutho kwe-EVE-NG kuyasekelwa.
Qaphela: i-vJunos-router ayisekelwe ku-EVE-NG nanoma yikuphi okunye ukusetshenziswa okwethula i-vJunos kusuka ngaphakathi kwe-VM ngenxa yemikhawulo yokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo ezifakwe esidlekeni ezijulile. |
| vJunos-router Izithombe | Izithombe zingatholakala endaweni yokulanda elebhu ye-juniper.net ku: Hlola Drive Juniper |
Faka futhi Sebenzisa i-vJunos-router ku-KVM
Faka i-vJunos-router ku-KVM
ISIFINYEZO
Funda lesi sihloko ukuze uqonde indlela yokufaka i-vJunos-router endaweni ye-KVM.
Lungiselela Amaseva Wokusingatha we-Linux ukufaka i-vJunos-router
Lesi sigaba sisebenza kuzo zombili iziphakeli ze-Ubuntu kanye ne-Debian host.
- Faka izinguqulo zephakheji ezijwayelekile zeseva yakho ye-Ubuntu noma i-Debian host ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amaseva ahlangabezana nezidingo ze-hardware nesofthiwe encane.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-Intel VT-x buvuliwe. Qalisa umyalo we-lscpu kuseva yakho yokusingatha.
Inkambu ye-Virtualization ekuphumeni komyalo we-lscpu ibonisa i-VT-x, uma i-VT-x inikwe amandla. Uma i-VT-x ingavunyelwe, bheka imibhalo yeseva yakho ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungayivula kanjani ku-BIOS.
Sebenzisa futhi Uphathe i-vJunos-router ku-KVM
ISIFINYEZO
Funda lesi sihloko ukuze uqonde ukuthi usifaka kanjani futhi usiphathe kanjani isibonelo se-vJunos-router ngemva kokusifaka.
Lesi sihloko sichaza:
- Uyikhuphula kanjani i-vJunos-router kumaseva we-KVM usebenzisa i-libvirt.
- Ungakhetha kanjani inani le-CPU nenkumbulo, setha amabhuloho adingekayo ukuze uxhumeke, futhi ulungiselele imbobo ye-serial.
- Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-XML efanele file izigaba zokucushwa nokukhetha okubalwe ngaphambilini.
QAPHELA: Landa i-sampnge XML file kanye nesithombe se-vJunos-router esivela kuJuniper webindawo.
Setha i-vJunos-router Deployment Kuseva Yokusingatha
Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi ungasetha kanjani ukuthunyelwa kwe-vJunos-router kuseva yomsingathi.
QAPHELA: Lesi sihloko sigqamisa kuphela izigaba ezimbalwa ze-XML file ezisetshenziselwa ukuphakela i-vJunos-router nge-libvirt.
I-XML yonke file I-vjunos-router.xml iyatholakala ukuze ilandwe kanye nesithombe se-VM kanye nemibhalo ehlobene ku- I-vJunos Lab Software Downloads ikhasi.
Faka amaphakheji ashiwo esigabeni Sezidingo Ezincane Zesofthiwe, uma amaphakheji engakafakwa. Bheka “Izimfuneko Ezincane Zezingxenyekazi Zekhompyutha Nesoftware ye-vJunos-router ku-KVM” ekhasini 8
- Landa isithombe se-VM, iskripthi, kanye ne-xml files kusukela I-vJunos Lab Software Downloads ikhasi.
- Dala ibhuloho le-Linux ku-interface ngayinye ye-Gigabit Ethernet ye-vJunos-router ohlela ukuyisebenzisa. # isixhumanisi se-ip engeza ibhuloho lohlobo lwe-ge-000
- # isixhumanisi se-ip engeza ibhuloho lohlobo lwe-ge-001
- Kulesi simo, isibonelo sizoba ne-ge-0/0/0 ne-ge-0/0/1 elungiselelwe.
- Letha ibhuloho ngalinye le-Linux.
- isixhumanisi se-ip setha i-ge-000 phezulu
- isixhumanisi se-ip setha i-ge-001 phezulu
- Yenza ikhophi yediski ebukhoma yesithombe esinikeziwe se-QCOW2 vJunos.
- # cd/impande
- # cp vjunos-router-23.2R1.14.qcow2 vjunos-rtr1-bukhoma.qcow2
- Yenza ikhophi ehlukile ye-vJunos-router ngayinye ohlela ukuyiphakela. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi awenzi izinguquko ezingunaphakade esithombeni sokuqala. Isithombe esibukhoma kufanele futhi sibhalwe umsebenzisi osebenzisa i-vJunos-router—imvamisa umsebenzisi oyimpande.
- Cacisa inani lama-cores anikezwe ku-vJunos-router ngokulungisa isigaba esilandelayo.
Isigaba esilandelayo sicacisa inani lama-cores anikezwe ku-vJunos-router. Ama-cores amancane adingekayo amane futhi anele amacala okusebenzisa elebhu. - Khulisa inkumbulo uma kudingeka ngokulungisa isigaba esingezansi.
- Cacisa igama nendawo yesithombe sakho se-vJunos-router ngokulungisa i-XML file njengoba kuboniswe esihlokweni esilandelayoample.
- Dala isithombe sediski yokumisa.
- # ./make-config.sh
- I-vJunos-router yamukela ukucushwa kokuqala ngokuxhuma idiski yesibili kusibonelo se-VM esiqukethe ukucushwa. Sebenzisa umbhalo onikeziwe othi make-config.sh ukuze udale isithombe sediski.
- I-XML file ibhekisela kule drayivu yokumisa njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:
- Setha imbobo ye-Ethernet yokuphatha. I-eth0 kustanza esingezansi isho isixhumi esibonakalayo seseva yomsingathi ehlinzeka ngoxhumano emhlabeni wangaphandle futhi lokhu kufanele kufane negama lesixhumi esibonakalayo kuseva yakho yokusingatha.
- Lesi example ikuvumela ukuthi uxhume ku-VCP “fxp0” okuyimbobo yokuphatha evela ngaphandle kweseva yomsingathi okuhlala kuyo i-vJunos-router.
- Udinga ukuba nekheli le-IP elilungisekayo elilungiselwe i-fxp0, kungaba ngeseva ye-DHCP noma kusetshenziswa ukucushwa okujwayelekile kwe-CLI.
- I-eth0 kustanza esingezansi isho isixhumi esibonakalayo seseva yomsingathi ehlinzeka ngoxhumano emhlabeni wangaphandle futhi okufanele ifane negama lalesi sikhombimsebenzisi kuseva yakho yokusingatha.
- Uma ungasebenzisi i-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), lapho-ke, ngemva kokuthi i-vJunos-router ivuliwe futhi iyasebenza, thumela i-telnet kukhonsoli yayo futhi ulungise ikheli le-IP le-“fxp0” usebenzisa ukucushwa kwe-CLI njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi:
QAPHELA: Ukucupha okungezansi kungama-examples noma sample amazwibela wokucushwa. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi usethe ukucushwa komzila omile. - Qalisa lokhu kumisa ku-CLI ku-vJunos-router uma i-VM isiphelile.
- # set interfaces fxp0 iyunithi 0 ikheli le-inet yomndeni 10.92.249.111/23
- # setha umzila-izinketho zomzila omile 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.92.249.254
- Nika amandla i-SSH embobeni yokuphatha ye-VCP.
# setha izinsiza zesistimu ssh-root-login vumela umyalo. - Dala ibhuloho le-Linux lembobo ngayinye oyicacisayo ku-XML file.
- Nikeza ngenombolo yembobo ye-serial console ye-vJunos-router ngayinye kuseva yakho yokusingatha. Ku-followAing example, inombolo yembobo ye-serial console eyingqayizivele ithi "8610".
- Hlola /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf bese ususa amazwana emigqeni elandelayo ye-XML uma ngabe le migqa ibiphawuliwe. Abanye exampamanani amancane avumelekile anikezwe ngezansi. Susa amazwana emigqeni eshiwo.
- Qala kabusha i-libvirtd bese udala i-vJunos-router VM futhi.
# systemctl qala kabusha i-libvirtd - Dala i-vjunos-rtr1 VM usebenzisa i-vjunos-rtr1.xml file.
- # virsh dala i-vjunos-rtr1.xml
- Igama elithi “rtr1” lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukuthi lena i-vJunos-router VM yokuqala efakwayo. Ama-VM alandelayo angaqanjwa ngokuthi vjunos-rtr2, kanye vjunos-rtr3 njalonjalo.
- Ngenxa yalokho, i-VM iyakhiwa futhi umlayezo olandelayo uyavezwa: Isizinda vjunos-rtr1 sidalwe kusuka ku-vjunos-rtr1.xml
- Vala i-vJunos-router efakwe Kuseva Yokusingatha ngokuphephile (uma kudingeka). Sebenzisa umyalo we-# virsh shutdown vjunos-rtr1 ukuvala shaqa i-vJunos-router.
- Uma wenza lesi sinyathelo, isignali yokuvala shaqa ethunyelwe kusibonelo se-vJunos-router iyivumela ukuthi ivale shaqa kahle.
- Umlayezo olandelayo uyavezwa.
- Isizinda esithi 'vjunos-rtr1' siyavalwa
- QAPHELA: Ungasebenzisi umyalo othi “virsh destroy” njengoba lo myalo ungonakalisa idiski ye-vJunos-router VM.
- Uma i-VM yakho iyeka ukuqala ngemva kokusebenzisa umyalo othi “virsh destroy”, dala ikhophi yediski ye-QCOW2 ebukhoma yesithombe soqobo se-QCOW2 esinikeziwe.
Qinisekisa i-vJunos-router VM
Lesi sihloko sichaza indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-vJunos-router iyasebenza futhi.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi i-vJunos-router iyasebenza futhi. # uhlu lwama-virsh
- Xhuma ku-serial console ye-VCP. Ungathola imbobo yokuxhuma kukhonsoli ye-serial ye-VCP kusukela ku-XML file. Futhi, ungangena ngemvume ku-serial console ye-VCP ngokusebenzisa i-telnet localhost lapho i-portnum icaciswe khona ekucushweni kwe-XML file: QAPHELA: Inombolo yembobo ye-telnet idinga ukuba ihluke ku-VM ngayinye ye-vJunos-router ehlala kuseva yomsingathi.
- Khubaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesithombe esizenzakalelayo.
- Uma ungazange unikeze noma yikuphi ukucushwa kwe-Junos kokuqala ezinyathelweni ezingenhla, khona-ke i-vJunos-router izo, ngokuzenzakalelayo, izame i-DHCP ekusetheni inethiwekhi kokuqala.
- Uma ungenayo iseva ye-DHCP enganikeza ukucushwa kwe-Junos OS, ungathola imilayezo ephindaphindiwe njengoba kuboniswe ngezansi: “Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesithombe Okuzenzakalelayo”
- Ungakwazi ukukhubaza le milayezo kanje:
- [hlela]]
umsebenzisi@host# setha i-root-authentication yohlelo-plain-text-password Iphasiwedi entsha:
Thayipha kabusha iphasiwedi entsha:
impande# susa i-chassis auto-image-upgrade - [hlela]
impande# bophezela
ukwenza okuphelele
- [hlela]]
- Qinisekisa ukuthi izixhumanisi ze-ge ezicaciswe ku-vJunos-router xml yakho file ziphezulu futhi ziyatholakala. Sebenzisa i-show interfaces terse umyalo. Okwesiboneloample, uma incazelo ye-vJunos-router XML file icacisa ama-NIC amabili abonakalayo axhunywe ku-“ge-000” kanye “ge-001”, bese kuthi ge-0/0/0 kanye ne-ge-0/0/1 ukuxhumana kufanele kube kusimo sesixhumanisi “phezulu” uma uqinisekisa usebenzisa umbukiso. umyalo wokukhipha isikhombimsebenzisi njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.
- Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo se-vnet ngaphansi kwebhuloho elithi “ge” ngalinye elihambisanayo simisiwe. Sebenzisa umyalo we-brctl kuseva yokusingatha, ngemva kokuqala i-vJunos-router njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:
Lungiselela i-vJunos-router ku-KVM
ISIFINYEZO
Funda lesi sihloko ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungayimisa kanjani i-vJunos-router endaweni ye-KVM.
Xhuma ku-vJunos-router
- I-Telnet kunombolo ye-serial console ecaciswe ku-XML file ukuxhuma ku-vJunos-router. Bona imininingwane enikezwe kokuthi “Faka futhi Uphathe i-vJunos-router ku-KVM” ekhasini le-11.
- Uma uxhuma kukhonsoli, sebenzisa u-Ctrl + ] ukuze ufinyelele kumyalo we-telnet bese ufaka okuthi yeka ukuze uphume ubuyele kumsingathi oyinhloko.
Okwesiboneloample:
Lungiselela Izimbobo Ezisebenzayo
- Lesi sigaba sichaza indlela yokumisa inombolo yezimbobo ezisebenzayo. Ungacacisa inombolo yezimbobo ezisebenzayo ze-vJunos-router ukuze ifane nenombolo yama-NIC angezwe ku-VFP VM. Inombolo ezenzakalelayo yezimbobo ngu-10, kodwa ungacacisa noma yiliphi inani kububanzi obusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-96.
- Qalisa umsebenzisi@host# setha chassis fpc 0 pic 0 inombolo-yezimbobo umyalo 96 ukuze ucacise inombolo yezimbobo ezisebenzayo. Lungiselela inombolo yezimbobo ezingeni [hlela chassis fpc 0 pic 0] ileveli yokulandelana.
Ukuqamba Isixhumi esibonakalayo
- I-vJunos-router isekela kuphela izixhumi ezibonakalayo ze-Gigabit Ethernet (ge).
- Awukwazi ukushintsha amagama okuxhumana abe yi-10-Gigabit Ethernet (xe) noma i-100-Gigabit Ethernet (et). Uma uzama ukushintsha amagama esixhumi esibonakalayo, lezi zixhumanisi zisazovela njengokuthi “ge” uma usebenzisa ukulungiselelwa kombukiso noma ubonisa imiyalo emfishane yezixhumanisi.
Lungiselela i-Media MTU
- Ungamisa i-media maximum transmission unit (MTU) kububanzi obungu-256 kuya ku-9192. Amanani e-MTU angaphandle kobubanzi obushiwo ngenhla ayanqatshwa.
- Kufanele ulungiselele i-MTU ngokufaka isitatimende se-MTU ezingeni [hlela isixhumi esibonakalayo-igama] lokulandelana.
- Lungiselela i-MTU.
- QAPHELA: Inani eliphakeme elisekelwayo le-MTU ngamabhayithi angu-9192.
- Okwesiboneloample:
Xazulula inkinga
Qinisekisa ukuthi i-VM iyasebenza
- Qinisekisa ukuthi i-vJunos-router iyasebenza ngemva kokuyifaka.
- Ungamisa futhi uqale ama-VM ngemiyalo elandelayo ye-virsh:
- ukuvalwa kwe-virsh-Vala i-vJunos-router.
- i-virsh start—Qala i-VM engasebenzi oyichaze ngaphambilini.
QAPHELA: Ungasebenzisi umyalo othi “virsh destroy” njengoba lokho kungonakalisa idiski ye-vJunos-router VM.
Uma i-VM yakho ima futhi ingaqalisi ngemva kokusebenzisa i-virsh destroy command, bese udala ikhophi yediski ye-QCOW2 ebukhoma yesithombe sokuqala se-QCOW2 esinikeziwe.
Qinisekisa Ulwazi lwe-CPU
- Sebenzisa umyalo we-lscpu kuseva yomsingathi ukuze ubonise ulwazi lwe-CPU.
- Okukhiphayo kubonisa ulwazi olufana nenani eliphelele lama-CPU, inani lama-cores isokhethi ngalinye, kanye nenani lamasokhethi e-CPU.
- Okwesiboneloample, i-codeblock elandelayo ikhombisa imininingwane yeseva ye-Ubuntu 20.04 LTS esekela ingqikithi yama-CPU angama-32.
View Ilogi Files
- View uhlelo lungena kusetshenziswa umyalo welogi lokubonisa kusibonelo se-vJunos-router.
- Umsuka > umbukiso welogi ? umyalo ubonisa uhlu lwelogi files etholakalayo viewing.
- Okwesiboneloample, kwe view amalogi we-chassis daemon (chassisd) asebenzisa impande > bonisa umyalo we-log chassisd.
Qoqa Ama-Core Dumps
Sebenzisa umyalo wokulahla okubalulekile wesistimu ukuze view umnyombo oqoqiwe file. Ungadlulisela lokhu kulahlwa okubalulekile kuseva yangaphandle ukuze kuhlaziywe ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha se-fxp0 ku-vJunos-router.
FAQ
Q: Yiziphi izici ezibalulekile ze-vJunos-router ku-KVM?
A: Izici ezibalulekile zifaka ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-Junos yokuhlola inethiwekhi, ukusekelwa kwezimo eziningi kuseva eyodwa, nokuhambisana nama-hypervisors e-Linux KVM.
Q: Ingabe ilayisensi yomkhawulokudonsa iyadingeka ekusebenziseni i-vJunos-router?
A: Cha, ilayisense yomkhawulokudonsa ayidingeki uma usebenzisa i-vJunos-router. Imilayezo yokuhlola ilayisensi ingazitshwa.
Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza
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I-Juniper NETWORKS 408-745-2000 Ukuthunyelwa Komzila we-vJunos [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi 408-745-2000 vJunos Router Deployment, 408-745-2000, vJunos Router Deployment, Router Deployment, Deployment |