Layisha Amaseli 301 Umhlahlandlela
301 Layisha Iseli
Layisha Izimpawu Zeseli Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza
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Kubuyekezwe 2024
Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe.
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Uyemukelwa kumhlahlandlela we-Interface Load Cell 301, insiza yobuchwepheshe ebalulekile ebhalwe ochwepheshe bokulinganisa amandla embonini. Lo mhlahlandlela othuthukisiwe udizayinelwe onjiniyela bokuhlola kanye nabasebenzisi bedivayisi yokulinganisa abafuna imininingwane ebanzi ekusebenzeni kweseli yokulayisha kanye nokwenza kahle.
Kulo mhlahlandlela osebenzayo, sihlola izihloko ezibucayi ngezincazelo zobuchwepheshe, ukubonwa, nemininingwane yesayensi ebalulekile ekuqondeni nasekukhuliseni ukusebenza kwamaseli okulayisha ezinhlelweni ezihlukene.
Funda ukuthi ukuqina okungokwemvelo kwamaseli omthwalo kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwawo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokulayisha. Okulandelayo, siphenya imvamisa yemvelo yamaseli omthwalo, sihlaziya kokubili izimo ezilayishwe kancane nezilayishwe kakhulu ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuhluka komthwalo kuthonya kanjani ukuphendula kwemvamisa.
I-contact resonance ingesinye isici esibalulekile esivezwe kabanzi kulo mhlahlandlela, osikhanyisela ngale nto kanye nemithelela yayo ekukaleni okunembile. Ukwengeza, sixoxa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithwalo yokulinganisa, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokubeka isimo seseli kanye nokubhekana nemithelela kanye ne-hysteresis ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokulinganisa.
Izinqubo zokuhlola nokulinganisa zihlolisiswa kahle, zinikeza imihlahlandlela enengqondo yokuqinisekisa ukunemba nokwethembeka ezinqubweni zokulinganisa. Siphinde sihlolisise ukusetshenziswa kwemithwalo engaphakathi kokusetshenziswa, sigxile kumasu okulayisha e-eksisi kanye namasu okulawula imithwalo engaphandle kwe-axis ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokulinganisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sihlola izindlela zokunciphisa imiphumela yokulayisha engaphandle ngokuthuthukisa idizayini, sinikeze imininingwane ebalulekile ekwehliseni amathonya angaphandle ekusebenzeni kweseli lomthwalo. Umthamo wokulayisha ngokweqile ngokulayisha okungaphandle kanye nokubhekana nemithwalo enomthelela nakho kuxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe ukuze kuhlonyiswe onjiniyela ngolwazi oludingekayo ukuze kuvikelwe amaseli alayishiwe ezimeni ezimbi.
I-Interface Load Cell 301 Guide inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba, nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwezinhlelo zokulinganisa ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ithimba lakho le-Interface
Layisha Izimpawu Zeseli Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza
Layisha Ukuqina Kweseli
Amakhasimende ngokuvamile afuna ukusebenzisa iseli yomthwalo njengengxenye yesakhiwo somzimba somshini noma inhlanganisela. Ngakho-ke, bangathanda ukwazi ukuthi ingqamuzana lizosabela kanjani kumandla athuthukile phakathi nokuhlanganisa nokusebenza komshini.
Kwezinye izingxenye zomshini onjalo owenziwe ngezinto esitokisini, umklami angabheka izici zazo ezingokomzimba (njengokwanda kokushisa okushisayo, ukuqina, nokuqina) ezincwadini zezandla futhi anqume ukusebenzisana kwezingxenye zakhe ngokusekelwe emklamweni wakhe. Kodwa-ke, njengoba iseli lomthwalo lakhiwe phezu kwe-flexure, okuyingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngomshini imininingwane yayo engaziwa ikhasimende, ukusabela kwayo kumandla kuzoba nzima ngekhasimende ukunquma.
Kungumsebenzi owusizo ukucabangela ukuthi i-flexure elula iphendula kanjani emithwalweni esetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Umfanekiso 1, ukhombisa isibampi-les yokuguquguquka okulula okwenziwe ngokugaya inkatho eyi-cylindrical ezinhlangothini zombili zesitoko sensimbi. Izinhlobonhlobo zalo mbono zisetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini nasezindaweni zokuhlola ukuze kuhlukaniswe amaseli omthwalo emithwalweni eseceleni. Kulesi exampi-le, i-flexure elula imele ilungu ekwakhiweni komshini, hhayi iseli lomthwalo langempela. Ingxenye ezacile yokuguquguquka okulula isebenza njenge-virtual bearingless frictionless ene-spring constant ejikelezayo engashintshi. Ngakho-ke, ukungaguquguquki kwentwasahlobo yezinto kungase kudingeke kulinganiswe futhi kufakwe ezicini zokuphendula zomshini. 
Uma sisebenzisa amandla aqinile ( FT ) noma amandla acindezelayo ( FC ) ekuguquguqukeni nge-engeli esuka kumugqa ophakathi nendawo, ukuguquguquka kuzohlanekezelwa emaceleni ingxenye ye-vector (F TX) noma ( FCX ) njengoba kuboniswe ngamachashazi. uhlaka. Nakuba imiphumela ibonakala ifana kakhulu kuzo zombili izimo, ihluke kakhulu.
Esimeni esiqinile kuMfanekiso 1, i-flexure ivame ukugoba ekuqondaneni namandla angaphandle kwe-axis futhi i-flexure ithatha indawo yokulinganisa ngokuphepha, ngisho nangaphansi kokushuba okukhulu.
Esimweni esicindezelayo, ukusabela kwe-flexure, njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 2, kungalimaza kakhulu, nakuba amandla asetshenzisiwe alingana ncamashi nobukhulu obufanayo futhi asetshenziswa emgqeni ofanayo wesenzo njengamandla aqinile, ngoba i-flexure igoba kude. umugqa wesenzo samandla asetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kuvame ukukhulisa amandla aseceleni (F CX) ngomphumela wokuthi ukuguquguquka
agobe nakakhulu. Uma amandla aseceleni edlula ikhono le-flexure ukumelana nokunyakaza kokuguqula, i-flexure izoqhubeka nokugoba futhi ekugcineni izohluleka. Ngakho-ke, imodi yokwehluleka ekuminyaniseni iwukugoqa, futhi kuzokwenzeka ngamandla aphansi kakhulu kunalawo angasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ekucindezelekeni.
Isifundo esitholakala kulesi exampLe iwukuthi ukuqapha okukhulu kufanele kusetshenziswe lapho uklama izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezicindezelayo usebenzisa izakhiwo zekholomu. Ukungalungi kahle kancane kungakhuliswa ukunyakaza kwekholomu ngaphansi kokulayisha okucindezelwayo, futhi umphumela ungasukela emaphutheni okulinganisa ukuqedela ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo.
I-ex yangaphambiliniampi-le ibonisa enye ye-advan enkulutagizingcaphuno ze-Interface® LowProfile® ukwakhiwa kweseli. Njengoba iseli lifushane kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nobubanzi balo, aliziphathi njengeseli yekholomu ngaphansi kokulayisha okucindezelayo. Ibekezelela kakhulu ukulayisha okungalungile kuneseli yekholomu.
Ukuqina kwanoma iyiphi iseli yomthwalo eduze kwe-eksisi yayo eyinhloko, i-eksisi yokulinganisa evamile, ingabalwa kalula uma kubhekwa umthamo olinganiselwe weseli nokuchezuka kwawo ekulayisheni okulinganiselwe. Layisha idatha yokuchezuka kweseli ingatholwa kukhathalogi ye-Interface® futhi webindawo.
QAPHELA:
Khumbula ukuthi lawa manani ajwayelekile, kodwa awalawulwa izicaciso zamaseli omthwalo. Ngokuvamile, ukuphambuka kuyizici zokwakheka kwe-flexure, izinto eziguquguqukayo, izici ze-gage kanye nokulinganiswa kokugcina kweseli. Lawa mapharamitha alawulwa ngawodwana, kodwa umphumela okhulayo ungase ube nokuhlukahluka okuthile.
Ukusebenzisa i-SSM-100 flexure kumfanekiso 3, njenge-example, ukuqina ku-eksisi eyinhloko (Z) kungabalwa kanje:
Lolu hlobo lokubala luyiqiniso kunoma iyiphi iseli yomugqa wokulayisha ku-eksisi yayo eyinhloko. Ngokuphambene, ukuqina kwezimbazo (X ) kanye (Y ) kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukunquma ngokombono, futhi ngokuvamile akuvamile ukuba nentshisekelo kubasebenzisi bamaMini Cell, ngenxa yesizathu esilula sokuthi ukusabela kwamaseli kulawo ma-ax amabili. ayilawulwa njengoba injalo nge-LowProfile® uchungechunge. Kumangqamuzana Amancane, kuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwemithwalo eseceleni ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ukuhlanganisa imithwalo ye-off-axis ekuphumeni kwe-eksisi eyinhloko kungethula amaphutha ezilinganisweni.
Okwesiboneloample, ukusetshenziswa komthwalo oseceleni (FX ) kubangela ukuthi amageji aku-A abone ukungezwani namageji ku-(B) ukuze abone ukuminyanisa. Uma ama-flexible kokuthi (A) kanye (B) ayefana futhi izici zegeji zamageji ku-(A) kanye (B) zafaniswa, besingalindela okukhiphayo kweseli ukuthi kukhansele umthelela womthwalo oseceleni. Kodwa-ke, njengoba uchungechunge lwe-SSM luyiseli eliwusizo elibiza kancane elivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezinemithwalo ephansi esemaceleni, izindleko ezengeziwe ekhasimendeni zokulinganisa ukuzwela komthwalo oseceleni ngokuvamile azithetheleleki.
Isixazululo esifanele lapho imithwalo eseceleni noma imithwalo yesikhashana ingase yenzeke iwukuqaqa iseli lomthwalo kulawo mandla angaphandle ngokusebenzisa i-rod end bearing kwelinye noma kokubili emaphethelweni eseli yomthwalo.
OkwesiboneloampI-le, Umfanekiso 4, ubonisa ukufakwa kweseli lomthwalo okuvamile ngesisindo somphongolo kaphethiloli ohlezi epanini lokukala, ukuze kukalwe uphethiloli osetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwenjini.
I-clevis igxunyekwe yaqina ensikeni yokusekela nge-stud yayo. I-rod end bearing ikhululekile ukuzungeza i-eksisi yephinikhodi yayo yokusekela, futhi inganyakaza cishe amadigri angu-±10 ngokuzungezisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwekhasi futhi izungeze i-eksisi eyinhloko yeseli yomthwalo. Lezi nkululeko zokunyakaza ziqinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo we-tension uhlala kumugqa omaphakathi ofanayo ne-eksisi eyinhloko yeseli lomthwalo, ngisho noma umthwalo ungagxilile kahle epanini lokukala.
Qaphela ukuthi i-nameplate kuseli lomthwalo lifundeka libheke phansi ngoba isiphetho esifile seseli kufanele sigxunyekwe ekugcineni kosekelo lwesistimu.
Layisha Imvamisa Yemvelo Yeseli: Ikesi Elilayishwe Kancane
Imvamisa iseli lomthwalo lizosetshenziswa esimweni lapho umthwalo omncane, njengepani lokukala noma into encane yokuhlola, izonamathiselwa ekugcineni kweseli. Umsebenzisi angathanda ukwazi ukuthi iseli lizosabela ngokushesha kangakanani kushintsho lokulayisha. Ngokuxhuma okukhiphayo kweseli yomthwalo ku-oscilloscope nokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okulula, singakwazi ukufunda amaqiniso athile mayelana nokuphendula okuguquguqukayo kweseli. Uma sigibela ngokuqinile iseli kubhulokhi enkulu bese sithinta isiphetho seseli kancane ngesando esincane, sizobona
dampi-ed sine wave train (uchungechunge lwamagagasi e-sine alokhu ehla aze afike kuqanda).
QAPHELA:
Sebenzisa ukuqapha okukhulu lapho usebenzisa umthelela kuseli lomthwalo. Amazinga wamandla angalimaza iseli, ngisho nangezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu.
I-frequency (inani lemijikelezo eyenzeka ngomzuzwana owodwa) yokudlidliza inganqunywa ngokulinganisa isikhathi (T ) somjikelezo owodwa ophelele, ukusuka ekuweleleni uziro kokukodwa ukuya komunye. Umjikelezo owodwa ukhonjiswe esithombeni se-oscilloscope kuMfanekiso 5, ngomugqa wokulandelela ogqamile. Ukwazi isikhathi (isikhathi somjikelezo owodwa), singabala imvamisa yemvelo ye-oscillation yamahhala yeseli lomthwalo (fO) kusuka kufomula:
Imvamisa yemvelo yeseli yomthwalo inentshisekelo ngoba singasebenzisa inani layo ukuze silinganisele impendulo eguquguqukayo yeseli lomthwalo ohlelweni olulayishwe kancane.
QAPHELA:
Amafrikhwensi emvelo amanani ajwayelekile, kodwa awawona ama-specifications alawulwayo. Anikezwa kukhathalogi ye-Interface® kuphela njengosizo kumsebenzisi.
Isistimu ye-spring-mass elinganayo yeseli yomthwalo iboniswa ku-Figure 6. 
Ubuningi (M1) buhambisana nesisindo somkhawulo obukhoma weseli, kusukela endaweni yokunamathisela kuya ezingxenyeni ezincane zokuguquguquka. Intwasahlobo, enokuqina kwentwasahlobo (K), imele izinga lentwasahlobo lesigaba sokulinganisa esincanyana sokuguquguquka. Isisindo (M2), simelela inqwaba eyengeziwe yanoma yiziphi izinto ezixhunywe ekugcineni okubukhoma kweseli yomthwalo.
Umfanekiso wesi-7 uhlobanisa lezi zixuku zethiyori noquqaba lwangempela ohlelweni lweseli lomthwalo wangempela. Qaphela ukuthi i-spring constant (K) ivela emugqeni ohlukanisayo engxenyeni encane yokuguquguquka.
Imvamisa yemvelo iyipharamitha eyisisekelo, umphumela wokuklanywa kweseli lomthwalo, ngakho-ke umsebenzisi kufanele aqonde ukuthi ukungezwa kwanoma iyiphi inqwaba ekugcineni okusebenzayo kweseli yomthwalo kuzoba nomthelela wokwehlisa imvamisa yemvelo yesistimu ephelele. Okwesiboneloample, singacabanga sidonsa phansi kancane ku-M1 ku-Figure 6 bese siyayidedela. Isisindo sizonyakaza siye phezulu naphansi nge-frequency enqunywa yi-spring constant (K ) kanye nesisindo esingu-M1.
Eqinisweni, ama-oscillations azokwenza damp phuma njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka ngendlela efanayo naleyo echazwe kuMfanekiso 5.
Uma manje sibopha inqwaba (M2) ku-(M1),
ukwanda kwesisindo sokulayisha kuzokwehlisa imvamisa yemvelo yesistimu ye-springmass. Ngenhlanhla, uma sazi uquqaba luka (M1 ) no (M2) kanye nemvamisa yemvelo yenhlanganisela yokuqala ye-spring-mass, singabala inani imvamisa yemvelo ezokwehliswa ngokungezwa kuka (M2), ngokuvumelana ifomula:
Kunjiniyela kagesi noma kagesi, ukulinganisa okumile kuyipharamitha (DC ), kanti impendulo eguquguqukayo iyipharamitha (AC ). Lokhu kuvezwe kuMfanekiso 7, lapho ukulinganisa kwe-DC kuboniswa esitifiketini sokulinganiswa kwefekthri, futhi abasebenzisi bangathanda ukwazi ukuthi impendulo yeseli izoba yini ngesikhathi esithile sokushayela abazosisebenzisa ekuhlolweni kwabo.
Qaphela isikhala esilinganayo semigqa yegridi "Imvamisa" kanye "Nokukhiphayo" kugrafu eseMdwebeni 7. Kokubili lokhu kuyimisebenzi ye-logarithmic; okungukuthi, bamele isici se-10 ukusuka kumugqa wegridi owodwa kuya komunye. Okwesiboneloample, “0 db” lisho “akukho ushintsho”; “+20 db” isho ukuthi “iphindwe ka-10 kuno-0 db”; “–20 db” isho ukuthi “1/10 cishe ngo-0 db”; futhi elithi “–40 db” lisho ukuthi “1/100 cishe ngo-0 db.”
Ngokusebenzisa isikali se-logarithmic, singabonisa ububanzi obuningi bamanani, futhi izici ezivame kakhulu zibe imigqa eqondile kugrafu. Okwesiboneloampi-le, umugqa wedeshi ubonisa ukuthambeka okuvamile kwejika lokuphendula ngaphezu kwefrikhwensi yemvelo. Uma siqhubeka negrafu siyehla futhi siyisuse kwesokudla, impendulo izoba yi-asymptotic (isondele futhi isondele) emugqeni oqondile odayishiwe.
QAPHELA:
Ijika elisemfanekisweni 63 linikezwe kuphela ukubonisa impendulo evamile yeseli elilayishwe kancane ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Ekufakweni okuningi, ama-resonances kuzinto ezinamathiselwe, ifreyimu yokuhlola, indlela yokushayela kanye ne-UUT (iyunithi engaphansi kokuhlolwa) izoba ngaphezu kwempendulo yeseli lomthwalo.
Layisha Imvamisa Yemvelo Yeseli: Ikesi Elilayishwe Kakhulu
Ezimeni lapho iseli lomthwalo lihlanganiswe ngokuqinile esistimu lapho izixuku zezingxenye zisinda kakhulu kunesisindo seseli lomthwalo ngokwalo, iseli lomthwalo livame ukusebenza njengesiphethu esilula esixhumanisa isici sokushayela nento eshayelwayo uhlelo.
Inkinga yomklami wesistimu iba ngeyokuhlaziya uquqaba lwesistimu nokusebenzisana kwabo nokungaguquguquki kwentwasahlobo okuqinile kweseli lomthwalo. Akukho ukuhlobana okuqondile phakathi kwemvamisa yemvelo engalayishiwe yeseli lomthwalo kanye namaresonance alayishwe kakhulu azobonakala kusistimu yomsebenzisi.
Xhumana ne-Resonance
Cishe wonke umuntu uye wabhampa i-basketball futhi waqaphela ukuthi isikhathi (isikhathi esiphakathi kwemijikelezo) sifushane lapho ibhola libhanswa eduze naphansi.
Noma ubani odlale umshini wokuphina ubonile ibhola lizulazula liye emuva naphambili phakathi kwezigxobo ezimbili zensimbi; lapho izigxobo zisondela ebubanzini bebhola, ibhola liyokhenceza ngokushesha. Yomibili le miphumela ye-resonance iqhutshwa yizinto ezifanayo: inqwaba, igebe elikhululekile, nokuxhumana okushisayo okubuyisela emuva indlela yokuhamba.
Imvamisa ye-oscillation ilingana nokuqina kwamandla okubuyisela, futhi ilinganisa ngokuphambene kokubili nosayizi wegebe kanye nesisindo. Lo mphumela ofanayo we-resonance ungatholakala emishinini eminingi, futhi ukwakheka kwama-oscillations kungalimaza umshini ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile.
Okwesiboneloample, kuMfanekiso 9, i-dynamometer isetshenziswa ukukala amandla enjini kaphethiloli. Injini engaphansi kokuhlolwa ishayela ibhuleki lamanzi lapho shaft yokukhiphayo ixhunywe engalweni eyiradiyasi. Ingalo ikhululekile ukujikeleza, kodwa ivinjelwa iseli lomthwalo. Ngokwazi i-RPM yenjini, amandla aseseli yomthwalo, nobude bengalo engaba yirediyasi, singabala amandla enjini.
Uma sibheka imininingwane yokuvunyelwa phakathi kwebhola le-bearing end bearing kanye nomkhono we-rod end bearing ku-Figure 9, sizothola ubukhulu bokuvunyelwa, (D), ngenxa yomehluko ngobukhulu bebhola kanye umkhono wayo ophoqayo. Isamba sokucaciswa kwamabhola amabili, kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukuxega ohlelweni, kuzoba “igebe” eliphelele elingabangela ukuzwakala kokuthintana nesisindo sengalo engaba yirediyasi kanye nezinga lentwasahlobo leseli lomthwalo.
Njengoba isivinini senjini sikhula, singathola i-RPM ethile lapho izinga lokudubula kwamasilinda enjini lihambisana nemvamisa yokuthintana kwe-resonance ye-dynamometer. Uma sibambe ukuthi i-RPM, ukukhuliswa (ukuphindaphinda kwamandla) kuzokwenzeka, i-oscillation yokuxhumana izokwakheka, futhi amandla okuthinta izikhathi eziyishumi noma ngaphezulu amandla ajwayelekile angabekwa kalula kuseli lomthwalo.
Lo mphumela uzogqama kakhulu lapho kuhlolwa injini yomshini wokusika utshani enesilinda elilodwa kunalapho kuhlolwa injini yemoto engamasilinda ayisishiyagalombili, ngenxa yokuthi ama-acpulses okudubula ahamba kahle njengoba eshayisana enjinini yezimoto. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakamisa imvamisa ye-resonant kuzothuthukisa impendulo eguquguqukayo ye-dynamometer.
Umthelela we-contact resonance ungancishiswa ngokuthi:
- Kusetshenziswa ama-bearings okuphela kwezinduku ezisezingeni eliphezulu, anomdlalo ophansi kakhulu phakathi kwebhola nesokhethi.
- Ukuqinisa ibhawudi eliphethe induku ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhola liqinileamped endaweni.
- Ukwenza uhlaka lwe-dynamometer luqine ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukusebenzisa iseli lomthwalo ophezulu wokwandisa ukuqina kwamaseli omthwalo.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithwalo Yokulinganisa: Ukulungisa Iseli
Noma iyiphi i-transducer encike ekuchezukeni kwensimbi ukuze isebenze, njengeseli yomthwalo, i-torque transducer, noma i-pressure transducer, igcina umlando wokulayishwa kwayo kwangaphambilini. Lo mphumela uvela ngenxa yokuthi ukunyakaza kwamaminithi wesakhiwo se-crystalline sensimbi, kuncane njengoba kunjalo, empeleni kunengxenye ephikisanayo ebonisa njenge-hysteresis (ukungaphindaphindi kwezilinganiso ezithathwa ezindaweni ezahlukene).
Ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukulinganisa, umlando ungashanelwa uphume esitokisini sokulayisha ngokusetshenziswa kokulayishwa okuthathu, ukusuka kuqanda ukuya kumthwalo oweqa umthwalo ophakeme kakhulu ekuqaliseni kokulinganisa. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa okungenani umthwalo owodwa ka-130% kuya ku-140% Wekhono Elilinganiselwe, ukuvumela ukulungiselelwa okufanele nokuminyana kwezinto zokuhlola kuseli lomthwalo.
Uma iseli lomthwalo lifakwe esimweni futhi ukulayishwa kwenziwa kahle, kuzotholwa ijika elinezici ze-(ABCDEFGHIJA), njengakuMfanekiso 10.
Amaphuzu wonke azowela ejikeni elibushelelezi, futhi ijika lizovalwa lapho libuyela kuziro. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukuhlolwa kuphindaphindiwe futhi ukulayishwa kwenziwa kahle, amaphuzu ahambisanayo phakathi kokugijima kokuqala nokwesibili azowela eduze kakhulu komunye nomunye, abonise ukuphindaphinda kwezilinganiso.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithwalo Yokulinganisa: Imithelela kanye ne-Hysteresis
Noma kunini lapho ukulinganisa kokulinganisa kuveza imiphumela engenalo ijika elibushelelezi, elingaphindi kahle, noma lingabuyeli kuqanda, inqubo yokusethwa kokuhlola noma yokulayisha kufanele kube indawo yokuqala yokuhlola.
Okwesiboneloample, Umfanekiso we-10 ubonisa umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwemithwalo lapho u-opharetha engazange aqaphele lapho kufakwa umthwalo we-60%. Uma isisindo sehliswa kancane endaweni yokulayisha bese kusetshenziswa umthelela womthwalo ongu-80% bese sibuyiselwa endaweni engu-60%, iseli lomthwalo lizobe lisebenza ku-loop encane ye-hysteresis ezogcina isendaweni (P) esikhundleni sokuthi iphuzu (D). Ngokuqhubeka nokuhlolwa, amaphuzu angu-80% azogcina ku-(R), kanti iphoyinti elingu-100% lizogcina ku-(S). Amaphuzu okwehla wonke azowela ngaphezu kwamaphuzu alungile, futhi ukubuyela ku-zero bekungeke kuvalwe.
Uhlobo olufanayo lwephutha lungenzeka kuhlaka lokuhlola lwe-hydraulic uma u-opharetha edlula isilungiselelo esifanele bese ebuyisela ukucindezela endaweni efanele. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuba nomthelela noma ukudubule ngokweqile ukulungisa kabusha iseli bese uhlola kabusha.
Hlola Izinqubo Nezilinganiso
Amaseli okulayisha ahlelwa ngokujwayelekile kumodi eyodwa (kungaba ukushuba noma ukuminyanisa), bese alinganiswa kuleyo modi. Uma ukulinganisa kumodi ephambene nakho kudingekile, iseli liqale libekwe esimweni kuleyo modi ngaphambi kokulinganisa kwesibili. Ngakho, idatha yokulinganisa ibonisa ukusebenza kweseli kuphela uma ibekwe kumodi okukhulunywa ngayo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukunquma iphrothokholi yokuhlola (ukulandelana kwezicelo zomthwalo) ikhasimende elihlela ukulisebenzisa, ngaphambi kokuba kuxoxiswane ngokunengqondo mayelana nemithombo yephutha engenzeka. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwamukelwa kwemboni okukhethekile kufanele kuklanywe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izidingo zomsebenzisi zizohlangatshezwana nazo.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziqinile, abasebenzisi ngokuvamile bayakwazi ukulungisa idatha yabo yokuhlola ngokungahambisani neseli lomthwalo, ngaleyo ndlela basuse inani elikhulu lephutha eliphelele. Uma bengakwazi ukwenza kanjalo, ukungahambisani ne-linearity kuzoba ingxenye yesabelomali sabo samaphutha.
Ukungaphindeki kuwumsebenzi wokulungiswa nokuzinza kwe-electronic conditioning signal yomsebenzisi. Layisha amaseli ngokuvamile awakwazi ukuphindaphinda okungcono kunozimele, izinto ezilungiswayo, nezinto zikagesi ezisetshenziselwa ukukukala.
Umthombo osele wephutha, i-hysteresis, uncike kakhulu ekulayisheni okulandelanayo kuphrothokholi yokuhlola yomsebenzisi. Ezimweni eziningi, kuyenzeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe iphrothokholi yokuhlola ukuze kuncishiswe ukwethulwa kwe-hysteresis engadingeki ezilinganisweni.
Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho abasebenzisi bephoqwa khona, kungaba yisidingo sekhasimende sangaphandle noma isicaciso somkhiqizo wangaphakathi, ukusebenzisa iseli yomthwalo ngendlela engachazwanga ezoholela emiphumeleni engaziwa ye-hysteresis. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umsebenzisi kuyodingeka amukele isimo esibi kakhulu se-hysteresis njengesicaciso sokusebenza.
Futhi, amanye amaseli kufanele asetshenziswe kuzo zombili izindlela (ukushuba nokucindezelwa) phakathi nomjikelezo wawo wokusebenzisa okuvamile ngaphandle kokukwazi ukulungisa kabusha iseli ngaphambi kokushintsha amamodi. Lokhu kubangela isimo esibizwa nge-toggle (ukungabuyeli kuziro ngemva kokungena kuzo zombili izindlela).
Ekuphumeni kwasembonini okuvamile, ubukhulu bokuguqula ububanzi bubanzi lapho isimo esibi kakhulu sicishe silingane noma sibe sikhudlwana kune-hysteresis, kuye ngokuguquguquka kweseli lomthwalo namandla.
Ngenhlanhla, kunezixazululo ezimbalwa zenkinga yokuguqula:
- Sebenzisa iseli lomthwalo ophezulu ukuze likwazi ukusebenza phezu kobubanzi obuncane bomthamo walo. Ukuguqula kuphansi uma isandiso esiya kumodi ephambene singamaphesenti amancanetage umthamo olinganiselwe.
- Sebenzisa iseli elenziwe ngento ephansi yokuguqula. Xhumana nefekthri ukuze uthole izincomo.
- Cacisa umbandela wokukhetha wokukhiqiza okuvamile kwasembonini. Amaseli amaningi anebanga lokuguqula elingase likhiqize amayunithi anele kusukela ekusabalaliseni okuvamile. Ngokuya ngezinga lokwakhiwa kwefekthri, izindleko zalokhu kukhetha ngokuvamile zinengqondo.
- Cacisa ukucaciswa okuqinile futhi wenze ukucaphuna kwefekthri kusebenze okukhethekile.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithwalo Engaphakathi Kokusetshenziswa: I-On-Axis Iyalayisha
Konke ukulayishwa kwe-on-eksisi kukhiqiza izinga elithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lincane kangakanani, lezingxenye ezingaphandle kwe-offaxis. Inani lalokhu kulayisha okungaphandle kungumsebenzi wokubekezelela izingxenye ekwakhiweni komshini noma ifreyimu yokulayisha, ukunemba okwenziwa ngayo izingxenye, ukunakekelwa lapho izakhi zomshini zihambisana khona ngesikhathi sokuhlangana, ukuqina. wezingxenye ezithwala umthwalo, kanye nokwanela kwehardware yokunamathisela.
Ukulawulwa kwe-Off-Axis Loads
Umsebenzisi angakhetha ukudizayina isistimu ukuze asuse noma anciphise ukulayishwa kwe-off-eksisi kumaseli omthwalo, noma ngabe isakhiwo sibhekana nokuhlanekezelwa ngaphansi komthwalo. Kumodi ye-tension, lokhu kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa ama-bearings ekupheleni kwenduku nama-clevises.
Lapho iseli lomthwalo lingagcinwa lihlukene nesakhiwo sohlaka lokuhlola, lingasetshenziswa kumodi yokucindezela, ecishe iqede ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zomthwalo we-axis kuseli. Kodwa-ke, akukho cala lapho imithwalo ye-off-axis ingaqedwa ngokuphelele, ngoba ukuchezuka kwamalungu athwele umthwalo kuyohlale kwenzeka, futhi kuyohlale kunesilinganiso esithile sokungqubuzana phakathi kwenkinobho yokulayisha kanye nepuleti lokulayisha elingadlulisela imithwalo eseceleni iseli.
Uma ungabaza, i-LowProfile® iseli liyohlala liyiseli elikhethwayo ngaphandle kwalapho isabelomali sephutha lohlelo lonke sivumela umkhawulo omkhulu wemithwalo engaphandle.
Ukunciphisa Imithelela Yokulayisha Ngokwengeziwe Ngokuthuthukisa Idizayini
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlola ukunemba okuphezulu, isakhiwo esiqinile esinomthwalo ophansi ongaphandle singafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa ukuguquguquka komhlabathi ukuze kwakhiwe uhlaka lokulinganisa. Lokhu, noma kunjalo, kudinga ukunemba kwemishini nokuhlanganisa uhlaka, okungase kubize izindleko ezinkulu.
Umthamo Wokulayisha Okungaphezulu Ngokulayisha Okungeziwe
Omunye umthelela ongathi sína wokulayisha ngaphandle kwe-axis ukuncishiswa komthamo ogcwele weseli. Isilinganiso sokulayisha ngokweqile esingu-150% kuseli elijwayelekile lokulayisha noma isilinganiso sokulayishwa ngokweqile esingu-300% kuseli elilinganiselwe ukukhathala umthwalo ovunyelwe ku-eksisi eyinhloko, ngaphandle kwanoma yimiphi imithwalo eseceleni, izikhathi noma ama-torque asetshenziswa kuseli ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-off-axis vectors azokwengeza ne-on-axis load vector, futhi isamba se-vector singabangela isimo sokulayisha ngokweqile endaweni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu egayiwe ekuguquguqukeni.
Ukuze uthole umthamo ovunyelwe wokulayisha ngaphezulu kwe-eksisi lapho imithwalo engaphandle kwaziwa, hlanganisa ingxenye ye-eksisi yemithwalo engaphandle futhi uyisuse nge-algebra kumthamo olinganiselwe wokulayishwa, qaphela ukukhumbula ukuthi ikuyiphi imodi (i-tension noma ukucindezela) iseli liyalayishwa.
Imithwalo Yemthelela
Ama-neophyte lapho kusetshenziswa ama-load cell avame ukubhubhisa eyodwa ngaphambi kokuba umuntu omdala athole ithuba lokuwaxwayisa ngemithwalo enomthelela. Sonke singafisa ukuthi iseli lomthwalo likwazi ukumunca okungenani umthelela omfushane kakhulu ngaphandle kokulimala, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi uma ukuphela kweseli kunyakaza okungaphezulu kuka-150% wokuphambuka komthamo ogcwele maqondana nesiphetho esifile, iseli ingalayishwa kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhawu lapho ukulayishwa kwenzeka sifushane kangakanani.
Kuphaneli 1 ye-example ku-F igure 11, ibhola lensimbi lesisindo "m" lehliswa lisuka ekuphakameni elithi "S" liyiswe ekugcineni kweseli yomthwalo. Ngesikhathi sokuwa, ibhola lisheshiswa amandla adonsela phansi futhi lifinyelele isivinini "v" ngokuphazima kweso lapho lithintana nobuso beseli.
Ku-Panel 2, isivinini sebhola sizomiswa ngokuphelele, futhi ku-Panel 3 isiqondiso sebhola sizohlehliswa. Konke lokhu kufanele kwenzeke ngebanga elithathayo ukuze iseli lomthwalo lifinyelele umthamo olinganiselwe wokulayishwa ngokweqile, noma iseli lingase lonakale.
Ku-exampuma kubonisiwe, sikhethe iseli elingaphambukisa umkhawulo ongu-0.002” ngaphambi kokulayishwa ngokweqile. Ukuze ibhola limiswe ngokuphelele ebangeni elifushane kangako, iseli kufanele libe namandla amakhulu ebholeni. Uma ibhola lilinganisa iphawundi elilodwa futhi lehliselwa unyawo olulodwa esitokisini, igrafu yoMfanekiso 12 ikhombisa ukuthi iseli lizothola umthelela ongu-6,000 lbf (kucatshangwa ukuthi isisindo sebhola sikhulu kakhulu kunesisindo ukuphela bukhoma kweseli yomthwalo, okuvame ukuba njalo).
Ukukalwa kwegrafu kungashintshwa ngokwengqondo ngokukhumbula ukuthi umthelela uyahlukahluka ngokuqondile ngobuningi kanye nesikwele sebanga elehlisiwe.
I-Interface® ingumholi othenjwayo onguThe World in Force Measurement Solutions®.
Sihola ngokuklama, ukukhiqiza, nokuqinisekisa amaseli okulayisha okusebenza aphakeme kakhulu, ama-torque transducer, izinzwa zama-axis amaningi, nezinsimbi ezihlobene ezitholakalayo. Onjiniyela bethu abasezingeni lomhlaba bahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezimbonini ze-aerospace, zezimoto, zamandla, zezokwelapha, nezokuhlola nezokukala ukusuka kumagremu ukuya ezigidini zamaphawundi, ngamakhulu okulungiselelwa. Singabahlinzeki abavelele ezinkampanini ze-Fortune 100 emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa; I-Boeing, i-Airbus, i-NASA, i-Ford, i-GM, i-Johnson & Johnson, i-NIST, nezinkulungwane zamalebhu okulinganisa. Amalebhu ethu okulinganisa angaphakathi endlini asekela izindinganiso zokuhlola ezihlukahlukene: ASTM E74, ISO-376, MIL-STD, EN10002-3, ISO-17025, nezinye.
Ungathola ulwazi olwengeziwe lobuchwepheshe mayelana namaseli okulayisha kanye nokunikezwa komkhiqizo we-Interface® ku-www.interfaceforce.com, noma ngokushayela omunye wochwepheshe bethu be-Applications Engineers kokuthi 480.948.5555.
Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza
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I-Interface 301 Layisha Iseli [pdf] Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzisi 301 Layisha Iseli, 301, Layisha Iseli, Iseli |
