I-X-CUBE-IOTA1 Iphakheji Yesofthiwe Yokwandisa ye-STM32Cube Incwadi Yomsebenzisi

I I-X-CUBE-IOTA1 ukunwetshwa kwesofthiwe yephakheji ye I-STM32Cube isebenza ku-STM32 futhi ihlanganisa i-middleware ukuze inike amandla imisebenzi ye-IOTA Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT).
I-IOTA DLT iyisendlalelo se-transaction nesendlalelo sokudluliswa kwedatha ye-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT). I-IOTA ivumela abantu nemishini ukuthi badlulise imali kanye/noma idatha ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinkokhelo zomsebenzi endaweni engathembeki, engenamvume futhi enwetshiwe. Lobu buchwepheshe buye benza izinkokhelo ezincane zenzeke ngaphandle kwesidingo somxhumanisi othembekile wanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Ukunwetshwa kwakhelwe kubuchwepheshe besofthiwe ye-STM32Cube ukuze kube lula ukuphatheka kuzo zonke izilawuli ezincane ze-STM32micro. Inguqulo yamanje yesofthiwe isebenza ku- I-B-L4S5I-IOT01A Ikhithi yokutholwa yenodi ye-IoT futhi ixhumeka ku-inthanethi ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Wi-Fi esinamathiselwe.

IZIXHUMANO EZIHLOBANE

Vakashela i-STM32Cube ecosystem web ikhasi ku-www.st.com ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe
https://www.iota.org/get-started/what-is-iota
https://docs.iota.org/docs/getting-started/1.1/introduction/overview
https://iota-beginners-guide.com
https://chrysalis.docs.iota.org
https://iota-beginners-guide.com/future-of-iota/iota-1-5-chrysalis
https://www.boazbarak.org/cs127/Projects/iota.pdf

Ama-akhronimi nezifinyezo

Ithebula 1. Uhlu lwama-akhronimi

Isifinyezo	Incazelo
I-DLT	Ubuchwepheshe be-ledger esabalalisiwe
I-IDE	Indawo yokuthuthukisa edidiyelwe
I-IoT	I-inthanethi yezinto
I-PoW	Ubufakazi Bomsebenzi

Ukunwetshwa kwesoftware ye-X-CUBE-IOTA1 ye-STM32Cube

Kuphelileview

I I-X-CUBE-IOTA1 iphakethe lesofthiwe liyakhula I-STM32Cube ukusebenza okunezici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:

Qedela i-firmware yokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IOTA DLT zamabhodi asekelwe ku-STM32

Imitapo yolwazi ye-Middleware equkethe:
- I-FreeRTOS
- Ukuphathwa kwe-Wi-Fi
- ukubethela, i-hashing, ukuqinisekiswa komlayezo, nokusayina kwedijithali (Cryptolib)
- ukuphepha kwezinga lezokuthutha (MbedTLS)
- I-IOTA Client API yokuxhumana ne-Tangle
Qedela umshayeli ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifinyelela izinzwa zokunyakaza nezemvelo

Examples ukusiza ukuqonda indlela yokuthuthukisa i-IOTA DLT Client application
Ukuphatheka kalula kuyo yonke imindeni ehlukene ye-MCU, sibonga i-STM32Cube

Imigomo yelayisensi yamahhala, esebenziseka kalula

Ukunwetshwa kwesoftware kunikeza i-middleware ukunika amandla i-IOTA DLT ku-STM32 microcontroller. I-IOTA DLT iyisendlalelo se-transaction nesendlalelo sokudluliswa kwedatha ye-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT). I-IOTA ivumela abantu nemishini ukuthi badlulise imali kanye/noma idatha ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinkokhelo zomsebenzi endaweni engathembeki, engenamvume futhi enwetshiwe. Lobu buchwepheshe buye benza izinkokhelo ezincane zenzeke ngaphandle kwesidingo somxhumanisi othembekile wanoma yiluphi uhlobo.

I-IOTA 1.0

I-Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) yakhelwe kunethiwekhi ye-node egcina incwadi esabalalisiwe, okuyisizindalwazi esivikelekile, esabalalisiwe ukuze urekhode ukuthengiselana. Ama-Nodes akhipha okwenziwayo ngephrothokholi yokuvumelana.
I-IOTA iwubuchwepheshe beleja esabalalisiwe eyenzelwe i-IoT.
Ileja esabalalisiwe ye-IOTA ibizwa ngokuthi i-tangle futhi idalwe yimisebenzi ekhishwe amanodi kunethiwekhi ye-IOTA.
Ukushicilela okwenziwayo ku-tangle, i-node kufanele:

qinisekisa okwenziwayo okubili okungagunyaziwe okubizwa ngamathiphu

dala futhi usayine okwenziwayo okusha
enze Ubufakazi Obanele Bomsebenzi

sakaza okwenziwayo okusha kunethiwekhi ye-IOTA

Okwenziwayo kunamathiselwe ku-tangle kanye namareferensi amabili akhomba okwenziwayo okuqinisekisiwe.
Lesi sakhiwo singamodelwa njengegrafu ye-acyclic eqondisiwe, lapho ama-vertices emelela okwenziwayo okukodwa futhi imiphetho imelela izinkomba phakathi kwamapheya okwenziwe.
I-genesis transaction is at the tangle root futhi ihlanganisa wonke amathokheni e-IOTA atholakalayo, abizwa ngokuthi i-iotas.
I-IOTA 1.0 isebenzisa indlela yokusebenzisa engajwayelekile esekelwe ekumelelweni kukathathu: yonke into ku-IOTA ichazwa kusetshenziswa ama-trits = -1, 0, 1 esikhundleni samabhithi, nama-trytes ama-trits angu-3 esikhundleni samabhayithi. I-tryte imelelwa njengenombolo ephuma ku- -13 ukuya ku-13, efakwe ikhodi kusetshenziswa izinhlamvu (AZ) kanye nenombolo 9.
I-IOTA 1.5 (Chrysalis) ingena esikhundleni sesakhiwo sokwenziwayo esingunxantathu ngesakhiwo kanambambili.
Inethiwekhi ye-IOTA ihlanganisa izindawo namakhasimende. I-node ixhunywe kontanga kunethiwekhi futhi igcina ikhophi ye-tangle. Iklayenti idivayisi enembewu ezosetshenziselwa ukwakha amakheli namasignesha.
Iklayenti lidala futhi lisayine ukuthengiselana futhi likuthumele endaweni ukuze inethiwekhi ikuqinisekise futhi ikugcine. Ukuhoxisa okwenziwayo kufanele kuqukathe isiginesha evumelekile. Uma okwenziwayo kuthathwa njengokuvumelekile, i-node iyayengeza encwadini yayo, ibuyekeze ibhalansi yamakheli athintekile futhi isakaze okwenziwayo komakhelwane bayo.

IOTA 1.5 - Chrysalis

Inhloso ye-IOTA Foundation ukuthuthukisa inethi eyinhloko ye-IOTA ngaphambi kwe-Coordicide nokuhlinzeka ngesixazululo esilungele ibhizinisi se-IOTA ecosystem. Lokhu kufezwa isibuyekezo esimaphakathi esibizwa nge-Chrysalis. Ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko okwethulwe yi-Chrysalis yizi:

Amakheli angasetshenziswa kabusha: ukwamukelwa kohlelo lwesiginesha ye-Ed25519, esikhundleni sohlelo lwesiginesha ye-Winternitz yesikhathi esisodwa (W-OTS), kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathumele ngokuphepha amathokheni besuka ekhelini elifanayo izikhathi eziningana;

Azisekho izinqwaba: I-IOTA 1.0 isebenzisa umqondo wezinqwaba ukudala ukudluliselwa. Izinqwaba ziyisethi yemisebenzi exhunywe ndawonye ngenkomba yempande (isiqu). Ngesibuyekezo se-IOTA 1.5, ukwakhiwa kwenqwaba endala kuyasuswa futhi kuthathelwe indawo imisebenzi elula ye-Atomic. I-Tangle vertex imelwe uMlayezo okuwuhlobo lwesiqukathi esingaba nomthwalo okhokhelwayo ngokungafanele (okungukuthi, ukukhokhelwa kweToken noma ukukhokhelwa kwe-Indexation);
Imodeli ye-UTXO: ekuqaleni, i-IOTA 1.0 yasebenzisa imodeli esekelwe ku-akhawunti yokulandelela amathokheni e-IOTA angawodwana: ikheli ngalinye le-IOTA laliphethe inani lamathokheni kanye nenani elihlanganisiwe lamathokheni asuka kuwo wonke amakheli e-IOTA lalilingana nesamba sokunikezwa. Esikhundleni salokho, i-IOTA 1.5 isebenzisa imodeli yokukhipha umsebenzi engasetshenzisiwe, noma i-UTXO, ngokusekelwe embonweni wokulandelela amanani angasetshenzisiwe amathokheni ngesakhiwo sedatha esibizwa ngokuthi okukhiphayo;

Kufika Kubazali abangu-8: nge-IOTA 1.0, bekufanele uhlale ubhekisela ezintweni ezi-2 zabazali. Nge-Chrysalis, inani elikhulu lamanodi omzali okubhekiselwe kuwo (afika ku-8) liyethulwa. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, kunconywa okungenani abazali abangu-2 abahlukile ngesikhathi.

IZIXHUMANO EZIHLOBANE
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana ne-Chrysalis, sicela ubheke leli khasi lemibhalo

Ubufakazi Bomsebenzi

Iphrothokholi ye-IOTA isebenzisa Ubufakazi Bomsebenzi njengendlela yokulinganisa-umkhawulo wenethiwekhi.
I-IOTA 1.0 isebenzise i-Curl-P-81 umsebenzi we-hash ongunxantathu futhi idinga i-hashi enenombolo efanayo yamatrithi aziro alandelayo ukuze kukhishwe umsebenzi ku-Tangle.
Nge-Chrysalis, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhiphe imilayezo kanambambili yobukhulu obungenasizathu. Le RFC ichaza ukuthi ilungiswa kanjani indlela ye-PoW ekhona nezidingo ezintsha. Ihlose ukuthi ingaphazamisi kangako indlela yamanje ye-PoW.

Izakhiwo

Lokhu kwandiswa kwe-STM32Cube kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifinyelela nokusebenzisa i-IOTA DLT middleware.
Isekelwe phezu kwe-STM32CubeHAL hardware abstraction layer ye-STM32 microcontroller futhi inweba i-STM32Cube ngephakheji ethile yokusekelwa kwebhodi (BSP) yebhodi lokunweba lombhobho kanye nezingxenye ze-middleware zokucubungula umsindo nokuxhumana nge-USB nge-PC.
Izendlalelo zesofthiwe ezisetshenziswa isofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza ukufinyelela nokusebenzisa ibhodi lokunweba lombhobho yilezi:

I-STM32Cube HAL isendlalelo: inikeza isethi ejwayelekile, yesimo esiningi yama-API ukuze ihlanganyele nezendlalelo ezingaphezulu (uhlelo, imitapo yolwazi nezitaki). Iqukethe ama-API ajwayelekile kanye nesandiso asekelwe esakhiweni esivamile esivumela ezinye izendlalelo ezifana nesendlalelo se-middleware ukuthi sisebenze ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezithile ze-Microcontroller Unit (MCU). Lesi sakhiwo sithuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwekhodi yelabhulali futhi siqinisekisa ukuphatheka kalula kwedivayisi.
Isendlalelo Sephakheji Lokusekelwa Kwebhodi (i-BSP): isethi yama-API ehlinzeka ngohlelo olubonakalayo lwama-peripherals athile ebhodi (i-LED, inkinobho yomsebenzisi njll.). Lesi sixhumanisi siphinde sisiza ekuhlonzeni inguqulo yebhodi ethile futhi sinikeze usekelo lokuqalisa izinto ezidingekayo ze-MCU kanye nedatha yokufunda.

Umfanekiso 1. X-CUBE-IOTA1 software architecture

Isakhiwo sefolda

Umfanekiso 2. Isakhiwo sefolda ye-X-CUBE-IOTA1

Amafolda alandelayo afakiwe kuphakheji yesofthiwe:

Amadokhumenti: iqukethe i-HTML ehlanganisiwe file okukhiqizwa kukhodi yomthombo kanye nemibhalo enemininingwane yezingxenye zesofthiwe nama-API
Abashayeli: iqukethe izishayeli ze-HAL kanye namashayeli aqondene nebhodi aqondene nezinkundla ezisekelwayo zebhodi nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, okuhlanganisa lezo zezingxenye ezingaphakathi ebhodini kanye nongqimba lwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezizimele ze-CMSIS zochungechunge lwe-ARM® Cortex®-M
Izinto ezimaphakathi: iqukethe imitapo yolwazi ene-FreeRTOS; Ukuphathwa kwe-Wi-Fi; ukubethela, i-hashing, ukufakazela ubuqiniso bomlayezo, nokusayina kwedijithali (Cryptolib); ukuphepha kwezinga lezokuthutha (MbedTLS); I-IOTA Client API ukuze ihlanganyele ne-Tangle
Amaphrojekthi: iqukethe examples ukukusiza uthuthukise uhlelo lokusebenza lweKlayenti le-IOTA DLT lenkundla ye-STM32based esekelwe (B-L4S5I-IOT01A), enezindawo ezintathu zokuthuthuka, i-IAR Embedded Workbench ye-ARM (EWARM), RealView I-Microcontroller Development Kit (MDK-ARM) ne-STM32CubeIDE

I-API

Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe enemininingwane enomsebenzi ogcwele we-API yomsebenzisi kanye nencazelo yepharamitha ku-HTML ehlanganisiwe file kufolda ethi “Amadokhumenti”.

Incazelo yesicelo se-IOTA-Client

Iphrojekthi files yohlelo lokusebenza lwe-IOTA-Client ingatholakala kokuthi: $BASE_DIR\Projects\B-L4S5IIOT01A\Applications\IOTA-Client.
Amaphrojekthi alungele ukwakha ayatholakala kuma-IDE amaningi.
I-interface yomsebenzisi inikezwa ngembobo ye-serial futhi kufanele ilungiswe ngezilungiselelo ezilandelayo:

Umfanekiso 3. Ithemu yeTera – Ukusethwa kwetheminali

Umfanekiso 4. Isikhathi seTera - Ukusethwa kwe-serial port

Ukuze usebenzise uhlelo, landela inqubo engezansi.
Isinyathelo 1. Vula itheminali ye-serial ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo ilogi yemilayezo.
Isinyathelo 2. Faka ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi (SSID, Imodi Yokuphepha, nephasiwedi).
Isinyathelo 3. Setha izitifiketi ze-CA zempande ye-TLS.
Isinyathelo 4. Kopisha futhi unamathisele okuqukethwe kokuthi Projects\B-L4S5I-IOT01A\Applications\IOTAClient\usertrust_thetangle.pem. Idivayisi iwasebenzisela ukugunyaza abasingathi berimothi nge-TLS.

Qaphela: Ngemva kokumisa amapharamitha, ungawashintsha ngokuqalisa kabusha ibhodi bese ucindezela inkinobho yomsebenzisi (inkinobho eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) phakathi nemizuzwana emi-5. Le datha izogcinwa kumemori ye-Flash.

Umfanekiso 5. Izilungiselelo zepharamitha ye-Wi-Fi

Isinyathelo 5. Linda umlayezo othi “Cindezela noma yimuphi ukhiye ukuze uqhubeke” ukuze uvele. Isikrini sibe sesivuselelwa ngohlu lwemisebenzi esemqoka:

Thumela umlayezo wenkomba ejwayelekile

Thumela umlayezo wenzwa yokukhomba (okuhlanganisa ne-timestamp, Izinga lokushisa, kanye Nomswakama)
Thola ibhalansi
Thumela Okwenziwayo

Eminye imisebenzi

Umfanekiso 6. Imenyu enkulu

Isinyathelo 6. Khetha inketho 3 ukuze uhlole okukodwa kwemisebenzi elandelayo:

Thola ulwazi lwe-node	Thola amathiphu
Thola okukhiphayo	Imiphumela evela ekhelini
Thola ibhalansi	Iphutha lokuphendula
Thola umlayezo	Thumela umlayezo
Thola umlayezo	Hlola isikhwama semali
Umakhi womlayezo	Hlola i-crypto

Umfanekiso 7. Eminye imisebenzi

IZIXHUMANO EZIHLOBANE
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nemisebenzi ye-IOTA 1.5, bheka imibhalo Yeklayenti ye-IOTA C

Umhlahlandlela wokusetha uhlelo

Incazelo ye-Hardware

STM32L4+ Discovery kit IoT node

Ikhithi ye-B-L4S5I-IOT01A Discovery ye-IoT node ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuze uxhume ngokuqondile kumaseva wamafu.
Ikhithi ye-Discovery inika amandla izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okunamandla aphansi, inzwa yezindlela eziningi nezici zochungechunge ze-ARM®Cortex® -M4+ ezisekelwe core-based STM32L4+.
Isekela i-Arduino Uno R3 kanye noxhumo lwe-PMOD oluhlinzeka ngamakhono okwandisa angenamkhawulo ngokukhethwa okukhulu kwamabhodi ezengezo azinikele.

Umfanekiso 8. B-L4S5I-IOT01A Ikhithi yokutholwa

Ukusethwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha

Izingxenye zehadiwe ezilandelayo ziyadingeka:

ikhithi eyodwa ye-STM32L4+ yokutholwa yenodi ye-IoT ifakwe isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Wi-Fi (ikhodi ye-oda: B-L4S5I-IOT01A)

ikhebula ye-USB yohlobo A ukuya ku-Mini-B ye-USB yohlobo B ukuxhuma ibhodi yokutholwa ye-STM32 ku-PC

Ukusethwa kwesoftware

Izingxenye zesofthiwe ezilandelayo ziyadingeka ukusetha indawo yokuthuthukisa yokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IOTA DLT ze-B-L4S5I-IOT01A:

I-X-CUBE-IOTA1: i-firmware nemibhalo ehlobene iyatholakala ku-st.com

uchungechunge lwamathuluzi okuthuthukisa kanye nomdidiyeli: isoftware ye-STM32Cube yokwandisa isekela izindawo ezilandelayo:
- I-IAR Embedded Workbench ye-ARM ® (EWARM) yamathuluzi + ST-LINK/V2
– KwangempelaView Ikhithi Yokuthuthukisa I-Microcontroller (MDK-ARM) + ST-LINK/V2
– STM32CubeIDE + ST-LINK/V2

Ukusethwa kwesistimu

I-B-L4S5I-IOT01A Discovery board ivumela ukuxhashazwa kwezici ze-IOTA DLT. Ibhodi lihlanganisa i-ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/programmer. Ungalanda inguqulo efanelekile yomshayeli we-ST-LINK/V2-1 we-USB kokuthi STSW- LINK009.

Umlando wokubuyekeza

Ithebula 2. Umlando wokubuyekeza idokhumenti

Usuku	Buyekeza	Izinguquko
13-Juni-19	1	Ukukhishwa kokuqala
18-Juni-19	2	Kubuyekezwe Isigaba 3.4.8.1 TX_IN kanye ne-TX_OUT, Isigaba 3.4.8.3 Ukuthumela idatha ngenani elinguziro ukuthengiselana kanye neSigaba 3.4.8.4 Ukuthumela izimali ngokudluliswa kwemisebenzi.
6-May-21	3	Isingeniso Esibuyekeziwe, Ama-Akhronimi nezifinyezo zeSigaba 1, Isigaba 2.1 Ngaphezuluview, Isigaba 2.1.1 IOTA 1.0, Isigaba 2.1.3 Ubufakazi Bomsebenzi, Isigaba 2.2 Izakhiwo, Isigaba 2.3 Ukwakheka kwefolda, Isigaba 3.2 sokusethwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, Isigaba 3.3 sokusethwa kweSoftware kanye neSigaba 3.4 sokusethwa kohlelo. Kukhishwe Isigaba 2 kwathathelwa indawo isixhumanisi Esethulweni. Kukhishwe Isigaba 3.1.2 Okwenziwe nezinqwaba, Isigaba 3.1.3 I-akhawunti namasignesha, Isigaba 3.1.5 I-Hashing. Isigaba 3.4 Indlela yokubhala izicelo kanye nezigatshana ezihlobene, Isigaba 3.5 Incazelo yesicelo se-IOTALightNode kanye nezigatshana ezihlobene, kanye neSigaba 4.1.1 STM32 Inkundla ye-Nucleo Kwengezwe Isigaba 2.1.2IOTA 1.5 – Chrysalis, Isigaba 2.5 IOTA-Incazelo yohlelo lokusebenza lweklayenti, Isigaba 2.4 API kanye neSigaba 3.1.1 STM32L4+ Discovery kit IoT node.

ISAZISO ESIBALULEKILE - SICELA UFUNDE NGOKUQONDA

I-STMicroelectronics NV nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo (“ST”) zinelungelo lokwenza ushintsho, ukulungisa, ukuthuthukisa, ukulungisa, nokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo ye-ST kanye / noma kule dokhumenti nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngaphandle kwesaziso. Abathengi kufanele bathole imininingwane efanelekile yakamuva kumikhiqizo ye-ST ngaphambi kokufaka ama-oda. Imikhiqizo ye-ST ithengiswa ngokulandela imigomo nemibandela yokuthengiswa ekhona ngesikhathi sokuvuma kwe-oda.

Abathengi banesibopho kuphela ekukhetheni, ekukhetheni, nasekusebenziseni imikhiqizo ye-ST futhi i-ST ayitholi sibopho sosizo lohlelo lokusebenza noma ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo yabathengi.
Ayikho ilayisensi, eshiwo noma eshiwoyo, kunoma yiliphi ilungelo lempahla yengqondo elinikezwa i-ST lapha.
Ukudayiswa kabusha kwemikhiqizo ye-ST nezinhlinzeko ezihlukile kulwazi olubekwe lapha kuzovala noma yisiphi isiqinisekiso esinikezwe i-ST salowo mkhiqizo.
Ilogo ye-ST kanye ne-ST yizimpawu zokuthengisa ze-ST. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezimpawu zokuthengisa ze-ST, sicela ubheke ku-www.st.com/trademarks. Wonke amanye amagama omkhiqizo noma wesevisi ayimpahla yabanikazi abafanele.
Ulwazi olukule dokhumenti luthatha indawo futhi luthatha indawo yolwazi olwalunikezwe ngaphambilini kunoma yiziphi izinguqulo zangaphambili zalo mbhalo.
© 2021 STMicroelectronics – Wonke amalungelo agodliwe

Amadokhumenti / Izinsiza

I-ST X-CUBE-IOTA1 Iphakheji Yesofthiwe Yokwandisa ye-STM32Cube [pdf] Imaniwali yosebenzisayo
ST, X-CUBE-IOTA1, Ukunwetshwa, Iphakheji Yesofthiwe, ye, STM32Cube

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